Bulgaria Travel Guide

Overview

Capital:

Sofia.

Geography:

Bulgaria is situated in Eastern Europe and bordered to the north by the River Danube and Romania, to the east by the Black Sea, to the south by Turkey and Greece and to the west by Serbia and the Republic of North Macedonia. The Balkan Mountains cross the country reaching to the edge of the Black Sea and its golden beaches.

The land is heavily cultivated, covered with forests and crossed by rivers. Although Bulgaria lies in the very southeast corner of Europe, the climate is temperate – cold, damp winters and hot, dry summers. The Black Sea resorts have some of the largest beaches in Europe and offer sunbathing from May until October, while in winter heavy falls of snow are virtually guaranteed in the mountain ski resorts.

Getting There

Getting There By Air

The national airline is Bulgaria Air (www.air.bg). Other airlines that fly to Sofia include Aeroflot, Air France, Alitalia, Austrian Airlines, British Airways, EL AL, easyJet, Iberia, KLM, LOT, Lufthansa, Ryanair, Turkish Airlines and Wizz Air.

Major airports are: Sofia Airport, Burgas Airport and Varna International Airport.

Departure Tax

None.

Flight Times

From London to Sofia - 3 hours; New York to Sofia - 11 hours (including stopover).

Getting There By Road

You can enter Bulgaria from Romania in the north, Serbia and North Macedonia in the west, as well as Greece and Turkey in the south.

From Romania to Bulgaria: most people use the New Europe Bridge from Calafat to Vidin, and other crossings include Giurgiu to Ruse, Negru Vodă to Kardam and Vama Veche to Durankulak.

From Serbia to Bulgaria: the Dimitrovgrad to Kalotina crossing is heavily used. Other crossing points are Zaječar and Strezimirovci.

Getting There By Water

Main ports: Bourgas (www.port-burgas) and Varna (www.port-varna.bg) on the Black Sea.

Getting Around

Getting Around By Air

Bulgaria Air (www.air.bg) operates some domestic services, connecting Sofia with the Black Sea coast. The journeys from Sofia to Bourgas (aka Bourgas) and Varna take one hour.

Breakdown Services

Call your insurance company or 112 if it is an emergency.

Car Hire

Car hire is available at Sofia Airport, various hotels and online in advance. Most of the major international car hire agencies are represented here.

Coach

Central Bus Station Sofia is the main bus station of Sofia, Bulgaria. From there, you can get a bus to other major cities and towns.

Documentation

You must have a valid driving license or an International Driving Permit, proof of insurance or an insurance green card produced by your insurer, passport or ID, and proof of ownership.

Getting Around By Rail

The Bulgarian State Railway, Balgarski Darzhavni Zheleznitsi (tel: +359 2 932 4190; www.bdz.bg), connects Sofia with main towns. Reservations are essential during peak seasons. A first-class sleeper is a wonderful way to travel long distances, especially at night.

Regulations

A vignette is required for driving on all main roads in Bulgaria. You can purchase an e-vignette online on www.bgtoll.bg/en, via a mobile app, from self-service terminals in retail outlets, in the offices of the Road Infrastructure Agency.

For cars, the speed limits are 50kph (31mph) in built-up areas, 90kph (56mph) outside built-up areas, and 140kph (87mph) on highways.

You should also have with you:
• Headlamp beam deflectors
• Warning triangle
• Fire extinguisher
• Reflective jacket

Getting Around By Road

Highways connect various towns and cities across Bulgaria. A1 takes you from Sofia to Burgas on the Black Sea Coast, E772 connects Sofia and Varna on the Black Sea Coast, while E79 takes you from Sofia to Struma.

Road Quality

Highways and main roads are good, but smaller country lanes may have potholes.

Side Of Road

r

Taxi

Available in all towns and also for intercity journeys. Vehicles are usually in good condition. Taxis are metered unless they are privately owned. A small tip is appreciated.

Urban Travel

Bus, tramway and trolleybus services operate in Sofia, along with a metro system. You can buy tickets from kiosks at major bus stops and newsagents; you must validate these upon boarding.

Buses and taxis operate in all the main towns. 

Getting Around By Water

Private boats and yachts ply the Black Sea coast and the Danube.

Travel Advice

Before you travel

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to: 

• see general advice for women travellers
• read our guide on disability and travel abroad
• see general advice for LGBT+ travellers
• read about safety for solo and independent travel
• see advice on volunteering and adventure travel abroad

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice  

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) provides advice about risks of travel to help you make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice.

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This information is for people travelling on a full 'British citizen' passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government's understanding of the current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in Bulgaria set and enforce entry rules. If you're not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Bulgarian Embassy in the UK.

Passport validity requirements   

Bulgaria follows Schengen area rules. Your passport must have: 

• a 'date of issue' less than 10 years before the date you arrive – if you renewed your passport before 1 October 2018, it may have a date of issue that is more than 10 years ago
• an 'expiry date' at least 3 months after the date you plan to leave the Schengen area

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen.

Carry your passport if you travel from Bulgaria to other Schengen area countries. Border guards will check it if you cross land or river borders into Greece or Romania, both in the Schengen area.

There are no routine checks when travelling by air or sea within the Schengen area, but carry your passport in case you're asked for it.

Visa requirements

You can travel without a visa to the Schengen area, which includes Bulgaria, for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. This applies if you travel:

• as a tourist
• to visit family or friends
• to attend business meetings, cultural or sports events
• for short-term studies or training

The requirements for working in Bulgaria are different.

If you're travelling to other Schengen countries as well, make sure your whole visit is within the 90-day visa-free limit. Visits to Schengen countries in the 180 days before you travel count towards your 90 days. If you overstay the 90-day visa-free limit, you may be banned from entering Schengen countries for up to 3 years.

If you're a visitor, border guards will look at your entry and exit stamps to check you have not overstayed the 90-day visa-free limit for the Schengen area.

If your passport is missing a stamp, show evidence of when and where you entered or left the Schengen area (for example, boarding passes or tickets) and ask the border guards to add the date and location in your passport.

At Bulgarian border control, you may also need to:

• show proof of your accommodation, for example, a hotel booking confirmation or proof of address for a second home
• show proof of your travel insurance
• show a return or onward ticket
• prove that you have enough money for your stay – the amount varies depending on your accommodation

Staying longer than 90 days in a 180-day period

To stay longer, check which type of visa or work permit you need with the Bulgarian Embassy in the UK.

If you're in Bulgaria with a residence permit or long-stay visa, this does not count towards your 90-day visa-free limit.

Read about passport stamping if you live in Bulgaria.

Vaccine requirements

For details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro's Bulgaria guide.

Customs rules

There are strict rules about goods you can take into or out of Bulgaria. You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

Taking food and drink into Bulgaria

You cannot take meat, milk or products containing them into EU countries. There are some exceptions such as powdered baby milk, baby food and special foods or pet feed required for medical reasons.   

Taking money into Bulgaria

Declare cash or travellers cheques if the value is 10,000 euros or more. You will get a certified declaration to show you brought it in with you. If you do not, your money could be seized when you leave.

Terrorism 

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.     

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe abroad and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.

Terrorism in Bulgaria

Terrorist attacks in Bulgaria cannot be ruled out.  

Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreign nationals. Stay aware of your surroundings, keep up to date with local media reports and follow the advice of local authorities.

Protests and demonstrations

There are occasional political protests in towns and cities across Bulgaria. They can cause disruption to transport as protestors or police may set up roadblocks. Most protests are peaceful but there have been occasional incidents of violence, including by the police. Avoid all protests and follow the advice of local authorities. 

Crime

Protecting yourself and your belongings

Take sensible precautions to protect yourself from street crime, particularly in larger cities and late at night. Beware of any attempts to distract you. Watch out for pickpockets and bag thefts in tourist areas, on buses and trains and major public transport hubs, including airports.

Thefts from unattended cars at petrol stations have increased. Lock your car when going inside the petrol station to pay for your fuel.

Tourists are targeted by thieves and pickpockets in Sunny Beach and other larger cities and resorts. Thefts on the bus from Nessebar to Sunny Beach have also increased. Do not take valuables to the beach and be wary of poorly lit roads around the resort at night.

Scams

Some tourists have been the victims of overcharging in so-called 'gentlemen's clubs' in Sofia and in some resorts including Bansko, Borovets and Sunny Beach. Overcharging can amount to hundreds of pounds. Victims can be threatened with violence if they refuse to pay.

Get recommendations for bars and clubs from your hotel or other holidaymakers. When paying by card make sure the transaction is completed in your presence and be wary if asked to re-enter your PIN.   

Thefts from accommodation

There have been burglaries from hotel rooms in Sunny Beach. Make sure you lock your room (including windows and balcony doors) and keep valuables locked in a safe.

There have been break-ins at properties in the residential areas of cities, and rural areas.

Thefts from cars

Criminals may puncture your tyres or flag down your car. When you get out, the thieves can distract you and steal from your vehicle. Make sure the boot is locked and your luggage is secure.

Property fraud

Buyers have been defrauded while buying property. Be cautious and get legal advice before you buy. Only deal with established and reputable real estate agents or with other contacts who you know to be reliable and genuine.

See more details about buying property.

Laws and cultural differences

Personal ID

Always carry ID. A printed copy of the photo page of your passport is acceptable.

Illegal drugs and sex offences

The Bulgarian authorities treat all drug-related and sex offences very seriously. Any foreign nationals convicted of such offences can expect a prison sentence.

Drunken and disorderly behaviour

Offences relating to drunken, disorderly behaviour and hooliganism may be treated more seriously than in the UK. Police can arrest or fine anyone for loud and boisterous behaviour or urination in public places.       

Football matches

Crowd control measures and stewarding can be different from the UK and there have been a small number of incidents where 'throwdown fireworks' such as firecrackers or bangers have been set off in stadiums, risking injuries. Stay aware of your surroundings and be alert in crowded venues. 

Using cameras and binoculars in secure areas

Avoid taking photographs near potentially sensitive areas like military establishments. If in doubt, ask permission.

Race-related incidents

The majority of visitors experience no difficulties related to their race, ethnicity or religious beliefs. However there have been a small number of verbal and physical attacks against ethnic minority UK nationals, including residents, in Bulgaria, and others have experienced unwanted attention or harassment in public places.

Instances have increased at times of demonstrations organised by groups connected to populist or right-wing movements. Avoid all protests and stay aware of your surroundings, particularly when travelling alone or at night.

LGBT+ travellers

Same-sex sexual activity is not illegal, but public attitudes are less tolerant than in the UK and the LGBT+ community generally keeps a low profile.

There are a few gay bars and clubs in Sofia. The city also holds the annual Sofia Pride. Sofia Pride is growing in popularity and was attended in recent years by over 10,000 people. However, it attracts some negative attention locally and is held with a heightened police presence and security measures. If you want to join the parade, read the organisers' Sofia Pride safety rules.

In 2023, some verbal abuse and threatening behaviour was directed at people attending events related to Sofia Pride, including foreign visitors. You can report any hate crime to the organisers and the local police.

Attitudes outside Sofia tend to be more conservative. There have been isolated cases of hostility towards people perceived to be from LGBT+ communities reported in Burgas and Plovdiv. You can find local information on LGBT+ issues in Bulgaria on the website of the Bulgarian Helsinki Committee.

Read more advice for LGBT+ travellers.

Face-covering ban

Covering your face with a niqab, burka or similar head covering in public places is illegal in Bulgaria and police could give you a fine. This applies in public buildings, streets, parks, restaurants, shops and on public transport.      

Outdoor activities and adventure tourism

Sports activities like skiing, potholing and mountaineering, and sports classed as particularly dangerous – mountain biking, climbing, paragliding or BASE jumping – all carry risks. Your insurance should include:

• mountain rescue services
• helicopter costs
• repatriation to your home country or possible transfer to neighbouring countries for treatment

There's more information about mountain insurance on the Bulgarian Red Cross website.

Quad biking and motorbikes

Quad biking is an extreme sport and carries the risk of serious injury or death. You need specific travel insurance to cover quad biking. Always read the details of your insurance cover, especially the small print and exclusions on your policy.

Make sure you are given full instructions and training before your activity.

Insurance sold by the hire company usually only provides third-party insurance. It's likely you will be charged for any damage to the rental vehicle and you may face arrest if you do not pay.

If you hire a motorbike, you need a full motorbike licence. Make sure the vehicle is in good condition. Drivers and passengers must wear helmets. Failure to do so may invalidate your insurance.

Swimming and water sports

Obey any warning signs at coastal areas and beaches. Follow instructions from lifeguards and observe the flag indicators if they are present. Follow local advice if jellyfish or sea urchins are present.

For more advice, see Water safety on holiday from the Royal Life Saving Society.

Book activities at a licensed water sports centre and before you start:

• make sure the paperwork is completed
• ask for a safety demonstration
• make sure you know how to call for help

See ⁠watersports safety advice from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (ROSPA).

Winter sports

Read advice about preparing for winter sports abroad. The Bulgarian Mountain Rescue service publishes safety rules on the ski slopes (in Bulgarian).

Avalanches are a risk in some areas. Always check the local snow and weather conditions if you plan to ski off-piste, and ski with a guide. There's more information about avalanche risk from the Bulgarian Mountain Rescue Service (in Bulgarian).

Transport risks

Road travel

If you plan to drive in Bulgaria, see information on driving abroad and check the rules of the road in the RAC's Bulgaria guide. The guide lists driving regulations and other legal requirements you need to be aware of.

If you bring your own car to Bulgaria, you must have:

• your driving licence
• all original registration and ownership documents
• proof of insurance that is valid in Bulgaria – although you are not required to have a green card to drive in Bulgaria, you may need it in some neighbouring countries

Check if you need a UK sticker to drive your car outside the UK.

If it's a hired car, you must keep the contract document. Border officials will impound your vehicle if they are not satisfied that you own it or have permission to use it in Bulgaria.

Vehicles that are registered outside the EU are considered to be 'temporarily imported' when driven inside Bulgaria. If your car is stolen in Bulgaria, you will be liable for import duty and related taxes.

See driving requirements if you live in Bulgaria.

Driving conditions

Road conditions can be dangerous. Take care when driving, particularly at night and outside major cities. Many roads (and pavements) are in poor repair and roadworks are often unmarked and unlit at night. Driving standards are generally poor, and drivers can be aggressive, particularly on motorways. Avoid confrontations.

There may be slow-moving cars and animal-drawn vehicles on the roads, particularly in rural areas.

You must drive with side lights or dipped headlights, even during the daytime. Keep to the speed limit and make sure your vehicle is roadworthy. Traffic police issue on-the-spot fines for minor violations.

Bulgaria has strict penalties for driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs, and doing so could lead to vehicle confiscation, a prison sentence and fines. If you receive a penalty and do not own the vehicle, you could be required to pay a fine equivalent to the vehicle's value. 

Tolls

If you want to use motorways and main roads outside towns, you'll need to buy a digital vignette in advance of your journey. The vignette is a form of toll. If you use the roads without a vignette, traffic police will issue a fine. You can buy a vignette online.  

Taxis

Taxis may not be in very good condition. Avoid taxis parked outside hotels or in tourist areas. Ask your hotel to call a taxi or flag down a passing taxi with a green 'available' light in the window. Check the licence sticker and the tariffs on the window before getting in as costs can vary considerably. Licensed taxis run by 'Yellow' operators are the most reliable.

There are regular reports of robberies and threatening behaviour by taxi drivers in Sunny Beach. Use a taxi recommended by your tour operator or accommodation provider.

There has been an increase in unlicensed taxis from Sofia airport overcharging passengers. If you're travelling from the airport, make sure you take an official, licensed taxi. There is an official taxi booking office in the arrivals hall. Check that the taxi meter is working before starting your journey.

Rail and bus travel

Thieves operate on trains. Make sure that documents and valuables are safe. The train system is very poor by European standards. There have been several fires on Bulgarian trains. Bulgaria has a comprehensive rail network, but trains can be cancelled at short notice. For travel updates see the Bulgaria Railways website.

 The roadworthiness of vehicles and driving standards are not always good, and there have been a number of serious accidents in recent years.

Extreme weather and natural disasters

Find out what you can do to prepare for and respond to extreme weather and natural hazards. 

Wildfires

In summer and early autumn, Bulgaria is on a regular alert for wildfires. There is danger of large-scale and quick-spreading fires in forests and fields. Follow media reports and the advice of local authorities if wildfires occur in your area.

Flooding

Many parts of Bulgaria flood following heavy rains. Flooding is usually localised but can occasionally be widespread and has caused deaths. Watch for weather warnings on the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology website.

Earthquakes

There are earthquakes and small tremors throughout the year, usually without serious consequences. The last significant earthquakes were in 1928.

The US Federal Emergency Management Agency website has advice about what to do before, during and after an earthquake. 

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance.

Contact your insurance or medical assistance company quickly if you're referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks

At least 8 weeks before your trip:

• check the latest vaccine recommendations for Bulgaria
• see where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

 See what health risks you'll face in Bulgaria, including biting insects and ticks.

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of Bulgaria. Read more about altitude sickness on TravelHealthPro. 

Stray dogs

Stray dogs are common and can be dangerous. Avoid getting too close to dogs, especially if they are in a pack. Take any animal bites seriously and seek immediate medical advice as rabies and other animal-borne diseases are present in Bulgaria. 

Medication

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

Read best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro.

Healthcare in Bulgaria

FCDO has a list of medical providers in Bulgaria where some staff will speak English.

Most Bulgarian hospitals are basic and old-fashioned compared to those in the UK. Standards of medical care are generally good, but specialised equipment and treatment may not be available. Hospital staff rarely speak English.

Private clinics and hospitals are generally well-equipped and not expensive in comparison with the UK.

Foreign tourists have sometimes been overcharged in private clinics in tourist resorts. Hotels or resorts my call private ambulances. If you use private medical services, agree a price in advance. Ask whether there is a suitable public health facility nearby if you want to use a health insurance card, as these are not accepted by many private hospitals.

Health insurance cards

To get medically necessary state healthcare in Bulgaria, you need a Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) or a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). 

The NHS's getting healthcare abroad webpage has details about:

• how to apply for a GHIC
• how to get temporary cover if you lose your card or it does not arrive in time
• who qualifies for a new EHIC instead of a GHIC
• what treatment counts as medically necessary

A GHIC or EHIC is not an alternative to travel insurance. You may have costs your GHIC or EHIC does not cover, including:

• changes to travel and accommodation bookings
• additional standard costs for treatment
• medical repatriation to the UK
• treatment that is ruled non-urgent
• private healthcare
• private clinics

Read about healthcare if you live in Bulgaria.

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also mental health guidance on TravelHealthPro.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) cannot provide tailored advice for individual trips. Read this travel advice and carry out your own research before deciding whether to travel.

Emergency services in Bulgaria

Telephone: 112 (ambulance, fire, police)

Contact your travel provider and insurer

Contact your travel provider and your insurer if you are involved in a serious incident or emergency abroad. They will tell you if they can help and what you need to do.

Refunds and changes to travel

For refunds or changes to travel, contact your travel provider. You may also be able to make a claim through insurance. However, insurers usually require you to talk to your travel provider first.

Find out more about changing or cancelling travel plans, including:

• where to get advice if you are in a dispute with a provider
• how to access previous versions of travel advice to support a claim

Support from FCDO

FCDO has guidance on staying safe and what to do if you need help or support abroad, including:

• finding English-speaking lawyers, funeral directors and translators and interpreters in Bulgaria
• dealing with a death in Bulgaria
• being arrested in Bulgaria
• getting help if you're a victim of crime
• what to do if you're in hospital
• if you're affected by a crisis, such as a terrorist attack

Contacting FCDO

Help abroad

See how to get help from the UK government abroad including in an emergency.

Help in the UK

You can call FCDO in London if you need urgent help because something has happened to a friend or relative abroad.

Telephone: 020 7008 5000 (24 hours)

Find out about call charges

Get travel advice updates

Sign up to get email notifications when this travel advice is updated.

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Risk information for British companies

The Overseas Business Risk service offers information and advice for British companies operating in Bulgaria on how to manage political, economic, and business security-related risks.

Vaccinations

Title	Special Precautions
Diphtheria	Sometimes
Hepatitis A	Yes
Malaria	No
Rabies	Sometimes
Tetanus	Yes
Typhoid	Sometimes
Yellow Fever	No

Overview:

If European visitors are suddenly taken ill or have an accident during a visit to Bulgaria, free or reduced-cost necessary treatment is available - in most cases on production of a valid European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). All nationals are advised to take out comprehensive travel insurance.

Food Drink:

Tap water is safe and drinkable, but some travellers may prefer to drink bottled water for the first few days of their stay. Milk is pasteurised and dairy products are safe for consumption. All food is prepared with a good level of hygiene.

Other Risks:

Hepatitis B is endemic. Hepatitis C may occur. Tick-borne encephalitis exists. Immunisation against tuberculosis is sometimes recommended.

Currency Information:

Lev (BGN; symbol лв) = 100 stotinki. Notes are in denominations of лв100, 50, 20, 10, 5, 2 and 1 (this is rarely used). Coins are in denominations of лв1 and 50, 20, 10, 5, 2 and 1 stotinki.

Note: (a) The Lev is tied to the Euro at a fixed rate; €1 = лв1.955. (b) Notes dated 1997 and earlier are now out of circulation. Euro coins will replace the lev once the convergence criteria are fulfilled.

Credit Cards:

American Express, Diners Club, MasterCard and Visa are accepted in large cities.

ATMs:

ATMs are widespread.

Travellers Cheques:

Not popular nowadays and it is better to use cash.

Banking Hours:

Mon-Fri 0900-1700.

Currency Restrictions:

The import and export of local currency is prohibited. The import of foreign currency is unlimited, provided it is declared on arrival. The export of foreign currency is limited to the amount declared upon arrival.

Currency Exchange:

Visitors are advised to exchange money at banks, at large hotels and at independent currency exchange offices, where the rates are clearly displayed.

Currencies

Code	Symbol
BGN	лв

Exchange Rates

1.96

2.33

1.89

Language

Bulgarian is the official language and the Cyrillic alphabet is used - Bulgaria is the only EU nation to use it. English, German, French and Russian are spoken in major tourist resorts and hotels.

Overview:

Public holidays are listed here.

.

List Of Public Holidays

Title	Start Date	To Be Confirmed
New Year's Day	2024-01-01 00:00:00	0
National Day (Day of Liberation)	2024-03-03 00:00:00	0
Labour Day	2024-05-01 00:00:00	0
Orthodox Easter	2024-05-03 00:00:00	0
St George's Day (Day of Bulgarian Army)	2024-05-06 00:00:00	0
St Cyril and Methodius Day (Day of Culture and Literacy)	2024-05-24 00:00:00	0
Unification Day	2024-09-06 00:00:00	0
Independence Day	2024-09-22 00:00:00	0
Day of the Bulgarian Revival Leaders	2024-11-01 00:00:00	0
Christmas Eve	2024-12-24 00:00:00	0
Christmas	2024-12-25 00:00:00	0
New Year's Eve	2024-12-31 00:00:00	0

Overview:

Bulgaria is within the European Union. If you are travelling from outside of the EU, you are entitled to buy fragrance, skincare, cosmetics, Champagne, wine, selected spirits, fashion accessories, gifts and souvenirs - all at tax-free equivalent prices.

Bulgaria’s duty-free allowance for travellers from EU countries:

If you are over 17 years old, you are free to buy and take goods with you when travelling between EU countries, provided that you have paid tax on these goods and they are for your own use (not for sale). However, if you bring in more than the following, customs officials are likely to question you:

• 800 cigarettes or 400 cigarillos or 200 cigars or 1kg of tobacco.
• 90L of still wine of which a maximum of 60L can be sparkling wine.
• 110L of beer.
• 10L of alcoholic beverages stronger than 22% or 20L of fortified or sparkling wine or other liqueurs up to 22%.

Beware that each EU country has different rules for travellers under 17 years old. Please check before you travel.

Bulgaria’s duty-free allowance for travellers from non-EU countries:

If you are arriving from a non-EU country, the following goods may be imported into Bulgaria by travellers with a minimum age of 17 years without incurring customs duty:

• 200 cigarettes or 100 cigarillos (maximum 3 grams each) or 50 cigars or 250g of tobacco for air travellers. 40 cigarettes, 20 cigarillos, 10 cigars, 50g of smoking tobacco for all other travellers. You may combine any of these products provided that you do not exceed the total limit.
• 4L of wine and 16L of beer, plus either 1L of spirits over 22% volume or 2L of alcoholic beverages less than 22% volume. You may combine any of these products provided that you do not exceed the total limit.
• Travellers arriving by car must not exceed the petrol allowance of one full tank and an additional 10 litres in a portable container.
• Other goods up to the value of €430 (or €300 if arriving by private plane or boat).
.

Banned Imports:

The import of arms and ammunition from Russia or Syria is banned.

You cannot bring meat, fish or dairy products from outside the EU to Bulgaria.

There is a ban on the import of the following goods from the Russian Federation into the EU: diamonds, gold, jewelry, cigarettes, cosmetics, seafood (e.g. caviar), spirits (e.g. vodka), shoes, clothing and smartwatches.

Mobile Telephone:

Roaming agreements exist with most international mobile phone companies. Coverage is good in most of the country. It is easy to purchase domestic SIM cards.

Internet:

Wi-Fi access is widely available in hotels, restaurants and bars.

Post

Airmail to Western Europe takes from a few days.

Post Office Hours:

Usually Mon-Sat 0830-1730.

Media:

Bulgaria enjoys a relatively free press.

Plovdiv: Wine tourism

Plovdiv lies in the heart of the Thracian Valley, the most important wine-producing region in Bulgaria. This makes Plovdiv an ideal base to explore wineries around this region. For more infomation, check out The complete guide to Bulgarian wine.

Trigrad Gorge

Spectacular Trigrad Gorge is in the Rhodope Mountains close to the town of Trigrad in Southern Bulgaria, and is flanked by vertical marble rocks rising to 300m (980ft). It is a popular place for hiking, biking, birdwatching and fishing. The Devil’s Throat Cave is a popular tourist destination with water from the Trigrad River feeding huge waterfalls down its 'throat', before cascading 42m (138ft) down into the abyss below. Nearby is the famous Haramiiska Cave where archaeologists discovered evidence of human habitation dating back over 4,000 years.

Belogradchik

Explore the age-old town of Belogradchik, nestled in the foothills of the Balkan Mountains in northwest Bulgaria, near the Serbian border. The main attractions include the medieval Belogradchik Fortress and the Belogradchik Rocks, a wondrous expanse of bizarrely shaped, colourful rock formations, named a Natural Landmark by the Bulgarian government. The local History Museum (www.muzeibelogradchik.com) is also a worthy diversion.

The Rose Valley of Kazanlak

For centuries Bulgarians have planted roses in an area known as the Rose Valley (a narrow band in the centre of the country), and extracted their heavenly essence - attar of roses. The Rose Valley is magically transformed with breathtaking blooms in May and early June each year when The Festival of Roses is celebrated in many towns of the region.

Plovdiv

Bulgaria's second-largest city is divided by the Maritsa River. Built around seven hills, Plovdiv boasts spectacular ancient ruins. Must-see sights include the Ancient Theatre, the Roman Stadium, the Archaeological Complex Nebet Tepe and excellent museums housing many items of archaeological interest.

Rila Monastery

Be fascinated by the vast collection of murals, woodcarvings, old weapons and bibles written on parchment at Rila Monastery, 121km (75 miles) from Sofia. Fire has destroyed most of the early 10th-century architecture, and the present buildings date from the 19th century, with the exception of the 14th-century Khrelio's Tower.

Varna

A major seaside resort on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, Varna attracts sun worshippers and also cultural buffs. The magnificent Roman baths in Varna are a relic of Roman legacy in Bulgaria. Visit the well-preserved baths, the largest Roman public building in Bulgaria, and then wander through the seaside city of Varna for sweeping views of the Black Sea and endless historical landmarks.

Sofia

Discover different architectural styles from Greek, Roman, Byzantine to Ottoman in Sofia. The capital of Bulgaria boasts a string of museums, monuments, churches, art galleries and opera houses. The stunning gold-leaf domed Alexander Nevski Cathedral is the most famous sight. Visit the Sofia travel guide for more information.

Veliko Tarnovo

Visit the ancient museum town of Veliko Tarnovo, capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1396), situated on three hills circled by the River Yantra. It contains extraordinary collections of historical works of art, including church relics.

National parks

Get back to nature in one of the three Bulgaria's national parks:
• Rila National Park in southwest Bulgaria is the country's largest national park, home to rare plants and animal species including endemic Rila rhubarb.
• Pirin National Park, 90km (56 miles) south of Rila National Park has over 70 glacial lakes and diverse limestone rocks.
• Central Balkan National Park in the heart of Bulgaria is popular with hikers, horse riders and keen mountain bikers.

Ski the slopes

Skiing in Bulgaria is considerably cheaper than other popular resorts in Western Europe. The best-developed ski resorts are Bansko, Borovets and Pamporovo.

Black Sea Coast

Bulgaria has over 370km (230 miles) of glorious coastline with sandy beaches. Busy resorts include Sunny Beach and Golden Sands, picturesque Albena, historical Nesebar, the cultural and historical city of Varna, and the Mediterranean ambience of port city Bourgas.

UNESCO wonders

Discover Bulgaria's UNESCO-listed World Heritage Sites:
• Boyana Church, a medieval Bulgarian Orthodox church on the outskirts of Sofia.
• Madara Rider, a large rock relief depicting a knight triumphing over a lion in Madara.
• Rila Monastery, the largest and most famous Eastern Orthodox monastery in Bulgaria.
• Rock-hewn churches of Ivanovo, a series of chapels, churches and monasteries within the Rusenski Lom Nature Park.
• Thracian tomb of Kazanlak, a richly decorated burial chamber from the Hellenistic period.
• Thracian tomb of Sveshtari, an amazing historical site reflecting the fundamental structural principles of Thracian cult buildings.

Overview

The main shopping area of Sofia is on both sides of Vitosha Boulevard. Bulgarian products, clothes, shoes, handicrafts, wines, spirits and confectionery can all be purchased.

Opening Hours

General shops Mon-Sat 1000-2000; shopping malls Mon-Sun 1000-2200.

Overview

Most restaurants in Bulgaria serve seasonal produce. Dinner is a social occasion, with traditional music and dancing in many restaurants in resort towns. Food is hearty and good. Meals usually start with a salad, from which there are many to choose from on the menu.

There are a wide variety of national dishes, as well as Western European standard dishes, which can be chosen on the spot at any restaurant. All good hotels have restaurants and there are many attractive folk-style restaurants and cafés throughout the country.

Regional Specialities

Tipping

Apart from the top hotels, restaurants rarely add service charge so a 10% tip is customary.

Drinking Age

18.

Hotels

There has been a vast increase in the number of hotels in Bulgaria, mostly in cities and tourist resorts. Advance booking is advisable especially when travelling in high season.


Grading: Hotels are classified according to the European star-grading system, with 1 to 5 stars displayed outside.

Camping Caravaning

Campsites in Bulgaria are classified from I to III, and the top two categories have hot and cold water, showers, electricity, grocery stores, restaurants, telephones and sports grounds. The camping areas are located in main tourist areas.

Other

History

Bulgaria is the oldest surviving country in Europe to have kept its original name since 681, the First Bulgarian Empire. Between the 7th and 11th century, the country’s history was marked by many conflicts, but it also allowed Bulgaria to become a powerful empire after several victories.

After a brief period which saw Bulgaria becoming part of the Byzantine Empire, the Second Bulgarian Empire occurred in 1185, following the uprising led by Asen and Peter of the Asen Dynasty. For the next 185 years, Bulgaria went through several major political crises and in 1371, Bulgaria was under the control of the Ottoman Empire and became a Turkish territory for the next 500 years.

After WWII, Bulgaria became a Communist state. Bulgaria’s dominant political figure was Todor Zhivkov, under whose leadership Bulgaria became the staunchest of Moscow’s allies. In 1989, Zhivkov resigned and a multi-party election was held in June 1990 with the ruling Communists restyling themselves the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP) and winning an absolute majority.

Throughout the first half of the 1990s, Bulgaria was wracked by instability and plunged into economic crisis as internal conflicts deepened, leading many professionals to emigrate.

Bulgaria became a NATO member in 2004, and joined the EU in 2007. In recent years, Bulgarian politics have stabilised and the country attracted almost 8 million tourists a year in 2018.

In 1989, Zhivkov resigned and the first multi-party elections for 44 years were held in June 1990 with the ruling Communists restyling themselves the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP) and winning an absolute majority.

Did you know?
• Swiss-born gymnast Charles Champaud competed for Bulgaria in the first modern Olympics in Athens in 1896, the year after he brought football to the capital Sofia.
• To welcome spring each year martenitsa, small red and white dolls made of yarn, are traditionally worn from 1 March until the wearer first sees a stork, swallow or blossoming tree.
• Estimated to be over 1670 years old, the Granit Oak – a common oak tree named after the village in which it is found – may be the oldest living oak tree in the world.

Religion

The majority of the population are Christian, the main denomination being Bulgarian Orthodox Church with a membership of 59.4% of the population. Eastern Orthodox Christianity is considered to be the traditional religion in Bulgaria. There is also a significant Muslim minority (7.8%) and a small Jewish community.

Social Conventions

Normal courtesies should be observed and handshaking is the normal form of greeting. Dress should be conservative but casual. If invited to a home, a small souvenir from one's homeland is an acceptable gift, and something for their children is always welcome. Remember that a nod of the head means 'No' and a shake means 'Yes'.

Best Time To Visit:

The climate in Bulgaria is continental, but changes to humid subtropical climate along the Black Sea Coast. The country’s mountain chains and large plains, along with cold air masses from the north and warm air masses from the Mediterranean, all have an impact on the climate in Bulgaria.

Sofia is the capital and the largest city in Bulgaria. Geographically it sits in western Bulgaria, between Vitosha Mountain and the Balkan Mountains range. Sofia has a humid continental climate with cold winter and hot summer. Sofia has an average precipitation of 581mm (22 inches) a year, with spring and summer being wetter than other seasons. See the weather in Sofia and the best time to go guide for more information.

Plovdiv is the second largest city and an ideal base for wine tourism in the Thracian Valley. It has four distinct seasons with temperatures vary wildly. Summer usually starts in May and ends in late September, with average highs reaching 31°C (88°F) in July and August, but it is also fairly common to see temperatures climbing to 40°C (104°F) and beyond. Winter is cold, with average lows dipping below the freezing point from December to February. The best time to visit Plovdiv is from April to July, then September to October.

Burgas and Varna on the Black Sea Coast have a humid subtropical climate and both places enjoy long, hot summer from May to October, with average highs reaching 28°C (82°F) in July and August. Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year, although November is usually the wettest month. Winter is milder than inland areas but can be cold too. January is the coldest month with an average low of -1°C (30°F).

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Required Clothing

Lightweights in the summer and heavyweights in winter. Waterproofs and extra layers are useful too.

Dialing Code:

+359

Area(sq km):

110,879

Population:

6.968.147

Population Density(per sq km):

65

Population Year:

2020

EU Member:

Yes

Main emergency number

112