Spain Travel Guide

Overview

Capital:

Madrid.

Geography:

Spain shares the Iberian Peninsula with its smaller neighbour, Portugal, and is bordered to the northeast by the Pyrenees mountain range that cuts across France and Andorra. Surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, Spain has numerous stretches of coastline that are extremely crowded, especially in summer.

Spain has two main groups of islands that are popular with tourists: the Balearic Islands (Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza and Formentera) located 193km (120 miles) southeast of Barcelona, and the Canary Islands off the west coast of Africa (mainly Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura, Lanzarote and La Palma). Located in continental Africa, the tiny enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla also form a part of Spain.

Mainland Spain is the second highest and most mountainous country in Europe, with an average height of 610m (2,000ft). The Pyrenees stretch roughly 400km (249 miles) from the Basque Country's Atlantic coast. In places the peaks rise to over 1,524m (5,000ft), the highest point being 3,404m (11,169ft).

The main physical feature of Spain is the vast central plateau, or Meseta Central, divided by several chains of sierras. The higher northern area includes Castile and León and the southern section comprises Castile-La Mancha and Extremadura. In the south, the high plains rise further at the Sierra Morena before falling abruptly at the great valley of the Guadalquivir.

Southeast of Granada is the Sierra Nevada, which runs parallel to the Mediterranean. Its summit Mulhacen, at 3,718m (12,198ft), is the highest point on the Spanish peninsula. The highest peak in Spain is the Pico del Teide on Tenerife in the Canaries, measuring a height of 3,718m (12,198ft).

Getting There

Getting There By Air

Spain's main carrier is Iberia (www.iberia.com). Multiple airlines offer flights to Spain from the UK, including British Airways (www.ba.com), easyJet (www.easyjet.com) and Ryanair (www.ryanair.com). American Airlines (www.aa.com), Delta (www.delta.com) and United (www.united.com) are among the airlines flying direct from the USA.

Flights tend to be most expensive in summer, from June to September. The cheapest time to travel is from November to December (outside of the Christmas season).

Major airports are: Alicante-Elche Airport, Barcelona Airport, Bilbao Airport, Federico Garcia Lorca Granda-Jaen Airport, Fuerteventura Airport, Gran Canaria Airport, Ibiza Airport, Jerez Airport, Madrid Barajas Airport, Malaga Airport, Menorca Airport, Palma Airport, Seville Airport, , Lanzarote Airport, Tenerife Sur Airport, and Valencia Airport.

Departure Tax

None.

Flight Times

To Madrid: from London - 2 hours 20 minutes; New York - 7 hours 15 minutes.

Getting There By Road

Road conditions in Spain are generally good, but beware of steep and narrow mountain roads. The country is mapped out with well-connected roads, making cities and towns easily accessible by car.

The major driving routes into Spain cut through the French and Portuguese borders. The Autovia A-I links the French border to Madrid (via Burgos and Irún) and the Autovia A-II to Barcelona (via Zaragoza). From Portugal, the southern route via the coast, E1 (A49), passes through Seville, Huelva and Faro; while the northern route, E90 (A6) links Badajoz with Lisbon.

Eurolines international coach services (www.eurolines.com) has several bus routes that serve major cities in Spain, with connections to destinations across Europe.

Getting There By Water

With its coastlines surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, Spain is an excellent destination to explore on water. By boat, it is easy and convenient to travel from Spain to Morocco, France, the Balearic Islands and Canary Islands. Its major ports include Algeciras (www.apba.es), Bilbao (www.bilbaoport.es), Barcelona (www.apb.es), Santander (www.puertosantander.es) and Valencia (www.valenciaport.com).

Getting Around

Getting Around By Air

Most major provincial cities have an airport served by Iberia (www.iberia.com) or its subsidiaries. Other airlines flying domestic routes include Air Europa (www.aireuropa.com), Spanair and budget operator Vueling (www.vueling.com).

Air travel within Spain is generally inexpensive and comfortable. Major domestic routes like Madrid-Barcelona, Madrid-Seville and Madrid-Palma de Mallorca have regular departures. If you’re travelling to the islands, flying is the best way to get there, as ferries take a much longer time and can cost more than flying. Although bus and train travel in Spain is cheap and comfortable, domestic flights are a good way to save time if you're on a tight schedule. Booking domestic flights in advance is advisable to ensure availability.

Bike

There have been many improvements to the network of cycling paths all over Spain, especially in Madrid, Barcelona and Seville. Bicycles are cheap and easy to hire in most Spanish cities and some of them have public bike share systems.

Bicing (www.bicing.cat) in Barcelona provides affordable rental to the public. Sign up for a card online, swipe it in any of the bike stations around Barcelona and a bike is unlocked and ready for use. Sevici in Seville (www.sevici.es) works the same way; a deposit is required but hire rates are very cheap. In Madrid, you can try out BiciMAD (www.bicimad.com).

Breakdown Services

Real Automóvil Club de España (RACE) (tel: +34 900 112 222, www.race.es).

Car Hire

All major car hire companies like Avis, Europcar and Hertz are represented in major cities, resorts and airports.

Although the minimum legal age for driving in Spain is 18, most car hire companies require drivers to be over 21 to hire a car. Drivers under 25 are required pay additional fees too.

Coach

Travelling by bus is the most popular way of getting around Spain. Major domestic coach routes include Madrid-Seville, Madrid-Barcelona and Madrid-Valencia. The main bus operators are Avanza (www.avanzabus.com), ALSA (www.alsa.es) and Eurolines (www.eurolines.es).

Departure Tax

None.

Documentation

A passport and a valid driving licence are required. Most foreign licences including Canadian, EU and US are accepted. A valid international insurance policy is also necessary, although this can be purchased at the time of hire.

Getting Around By Rail

Spain's high-speed rail network is rapidly expanding, making this a convenient, though expensive way to explore the country. Major internal rail routes are mostly served by high-speed trains: Madrid-Seville, Madrid-Valencia and Madrid-Barcelona (overnight train also available). Another high speed rail route runs Barcelona–Girona–Figueras. Nearly all train services are operated by the national rail company RENFE (tel: www.renfe.com).

Regulations

Seat belts must be worn at all times when driving in Spain. Spare bulbs, red hazard triangles and a reflective vest or jacket must be kept in all vehicles. Parking laws are rigorously enforced. Speed limits are 120kph (75mph) on motorways/ highways, 90kph (55mph) to 100kph (62mph) on main roads, and 50kph (31mph) within towns.

Road Classification

• Autovias (Expressway): A
• Autopistas (Motorway or Highway): AP, although toll highways built around Madrid are labelled with "R"
• National road: N

Road Quality

In general, roads in Spain are well maintained and form a comprehensive network across the whole country. Some motorways are operated by tolls and they can be paid in cash or by card. More highways are clearly marked and road signs are easy to read, although most of the time they are only in Spanish. Rural roads are of differing quality. Roads within city centres can be narrow and congested with traffic (especially during peak hours). Regardless of your driving experience, it's generally easy to get around Spain.

Side Of Road

r

Taxi

Taxis in Spain are generally safe and easy to find, especially in major cities. In small towns, it is best to look up the taxi hotline beforehand and dial a cab when you need it. As compared to most western European cities, taxis in Spain are reasonably priced. There is a surcharge when taking taxis from the airport, bus terminal or train station; be sure to check with your taxi driver beforehand.

Urban Travel

Traffic in major Spanish cities can get chaotic, and urban driving takes some time to adjust to. City public transport facilities are generally affordable and safe, although it’s advisable to be careful of pickpockets on the metro.

Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid, Malaga, Sevilla and Valencia have metro systems. All cities and towns have bus networks, although buses in small towns tend to have limited departures (be sure to check the timetable). Other towns and resorts are well served by local buses. Metered taxis are available in all major towns and cities.

Getting Around By Water

The main domestic sea routes run from Barcelona, Denia, and Valencia to the Balearic Islands. Other water routes go from Cádiz to the Canary Islands and from Algeciras, Almería, and Málaga to the North African enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla. Trasmediterranea (www.trasmediterranea.es) is one of the principal operators, while the website www.directferries.es covers all routes.

Travel Advice

Before you travel

If you are planning to travel to Spain through France, check the travel advice for France before you start your journey.   

If you are planning to travel to Spain through Gibraltar, check the travel advice for Gibraltar before you start your journey. 

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to: 

• see general advice for women travellers
• read our guide on disability and travel abroad
• see general advice for LGBT+ travellers
• read about safety for solo and independent travel
• see advice on volunteering and adventure travel abroad

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice

The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) provides advice about the risks of travel, to help you make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice. 

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This information is for people travelling on a full 'British citizen' passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government's understanding of the current rules for the most common types of travel. 

The authorities in Spain set and enforce entry rules. If you're not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Spanish Embassy in the UK.

Passport validity requirements

Spain follows Schengen area rules. Your passport must: 

• have a 'date of issue' less than 10 years before the date you arrive – if you renewed your passport before 1 October 2018, it may have a date of issue that is more than 10 years ago
• have an 'expiry date' at least 3 months after the day you plan to leave the Schengen area

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to. 

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen. 

Visa requirements

You can travel without a visa to the Schengen area, which includes Spain, for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. This applies if you travel: 

• as a tourist
• to visit family or friends
• to attend business meetings, cultural or sports events
• for short-term studies or training

The requirements for working in Spain are different.  

If you're travelling to other Schengen countries as well, make sure your whole visit is within the 90-day visa-free limit. Visits to Schengen countries in the 180 days before you travel count towards your 90 days. If you overstay the 90-day visa-free limit, you may be banned from entering Schengen countries for up to 3 years.

If you are visiting Spain and need to extend your visa-free stay for exceptional reasons, such as a medical emergency, you must apply to the immigration authorities ('Extranjería') (in Spanish).

If you're a visitor, border guards will look at your entry and exit stamps to check you have not overstayed the 90-day visa-free limit for the Schengen area.

If your passport is missing a stamp, show evidence of when and where you entered or left the Schengen area (for example, boarding passes or tickets) and ask the border guards to add the date and location in your passport.

At Spanish border control, you may need to show:

• a return or onward ticket
• proof of your travel insurance
• you have enough money for your stay - the amount varies depending on your accommodation
• a hotel booking confirmation or proof of address if you're staying at your own property
• an invitation or proof of address if staying with a third party, friends or family, such as a 'carta de invitation' completed by your hosts

Using the e-gates

Use the desks staffed by border officers. If you're aged 18 or over, and airport staff instruct you to, you may be able to use e-gates when they are working.

If you use an e-gate, make sure you get your passport stamped.

Staying longer than 90 days in a 180-day period 

To stay longer, you must meet the Spanish government's entry requirements. If you're in Spain with a residence permit or long-stay visa, this does not count towards your 90-day visa-free limit. 

Read more about passport stamping if you live in Spain. 

If you cannot return to the UK before your visa-free limit expires, contact the Spanish government's national information service. Dial 060 from a Spanish phoneline (in Spanish, with English speaking operators available).

Travelling between Spain and Gibraltar

Spanish border checks can cause delays when crossing between Spain and Gibraltar. If you are travelling to Spain through Gibraltar, check the travel advice for entry requirements for Gibraltar.

There is no charge to enter or leave Gibraltar. Do not hand over money to anybody claiming there is a charge.

Unaccompanied minors

Spanish law considers anyone aged 17 and under to be a minor. If an unaccompanied minor comes to the attention of the Spanish authorities (particularly in connection with criminal incidents or when in hospital), they will be considered vulnerable and may be taken to a minor's centre until a parent or guardian is found.

Vaccine requirements

For details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro's Spain guide.

Customs rules

There are strict rules about what goods can be taken into and out of Spain (PDF). You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

Taking food into Spain

You cannot take meat, milk or products containing them into EU countries. There are some exceptions such as powdered baby milk, baby food and special foods or pet feed required for medical reasons. 

Taking money into Spain

Declare cash or travellers cheques if the value is 10,000 euros or more. You will get a certified declaration to show you brought it in with you. If you do not, your money could be seized when you leave.

Terrorism

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe abroad and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.

Terrorism in Spain

Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreign nationals. Stay aware of your surroundings, keep up to date with local media reports and follow the advice of local authorities.

In January 2023, one person was killed and others injured in a machete attack at 2 churches in Cadiz

Political situation

Demonstrations, political gatherings or marches can take place with little or no warning, particularly in cities. Follow the advice of police and local authorities.

While most demonstrations are peaceful, there is a risk of unrest or violence. If you're near areas where demonstrations are taking place, be aware of what is happening around you and move away if there are signs of disorder.

Lost or stolen passports

If your passport is lost or stolen, you must renew your passport or apply for an emergency travel document. You cannot use a police report to leave Spain.

Crime

Protecting your belongings

Be alert to the risk of street crime. Thieves use distraction techniques and often work in teams. Take care of your passports, money and personal belongings, particularly when collecting or checking in luggage at the airport, and while arranging car hire.

Do not carry all your valuables in one place. Keep a copy of the photo page of your passport somewhere safe.

Make sure your accommodation has adequate security. Keep all doors and windows locked. If you're concerned about the security of your accommodation, speak to your travel operator or the property owner.

Vehicle crime

'Highway pirates' target foreign-registered and hire cars, especially those towing caravans. They may flag you down, claiming there is something wrong with your car or that you have damaged theirs. If you decide to stop to check the condition of a vehicle, stop in a public area with lights, such as a service station. Be wary of anyone offering help.

When driving, be wary of approaches from people posing as plainclothes police in unmarked cars. In all traffic-related matters, police officers will usually be in uniform.

Unmarked police vehicles have a flashing electronic sign on the rear window saying 'Policía' or 'Guardia Civil'. Genuine police will only ask you to show vehicle documents – not to hand over your bag or wallet.

Attacks and sexual assault

Attacks, including sexual assaults, are rare but do occur. In an emergency call 112.

Avoid splitting up from your friends, do not leave drinks unattended and do not go off with people you do not know. Save the location of your accommodation on your maps app, so it's easy to find. See TravelAware 'Stick with your mates' for tips and advice.

See advice on getting help if you are a victim of crime abroad.

British Consulates in Spain (+34 917 146 300 or +44 207 008 5000) can provide local information and support.

Drink spiking and alcohol

Be alert to the possible use of 'date rape' and other drugs including GHB and liquid ecstasy.

Buy your own drinks and always keep them in sight to avoid them being spiked. Alcohol and drugs can reduce your vigilance, making you less in control. If you drink, know your limit. Drinks served in bars in Spain are often stronger than those in the UK.

Scams

Thieves posing as police officers may ask to see your wallet, claiming they need to see it for identification. Genuine police officers will ask to see ID but will not ask for wallets or purses. All police officers, including those in plain clothes, carry official ID.

Timeshares and holiday clubs

Be cautious if you are planning to buy or sell a timeshare. There are companies who offer false incentives.

Read timeshare fraud advice from Action Fraud.

Laws and cultural differences

Personal ID

You must provide photo ID if asked by a police officer. This includes the Guardia Civil and national, regional and local police forces. The police have the right to hold you at a police station until they have confirmed your identity.

Ignoring direct requests of a police officer can be considered as 'disobedience', which is a criminal offence.

Hotels, tourist accommodation and car rental companies have a legal duty to register passport and other details of tourists who check in or collect a vehicle.

When checking in to your accommodation, wait until hotel staff have registered your passport details, or taken a copy of your passport. Do not leave your passport at reception to collect later.

You may need to show ID when buying goods with credit or debit cards. Some shops will accept your driving licence or a copy of your passport, but some may ask for your passport.

Alcohol laws and bans

It's illegal to drink alcohol in the street in some areas of Spain. You can get an on-the-spot fine. There are strict controls on drinking and sexual activity in public places, including on beaches.

Alcohol laws in the Balearic Islands

Local laws limit the sale and availability of alcohol in areas of some resorts on the Balearic Islands, including:

• Magaluf (Calvià), Mallorca
• Playa de Palma, Mallorca
• San Antonio (San Antoni de Portmany), Ibiza

This bans:

• happy hours
• open bars (such as 'all you can drink in one hour' offers)
• the sale of alcohol from vending machines
• self-service alcohol dispensers
• organising pub crawls and party boat trips
• 'off-licence' sales between 9:30pm and 8am

Hotels and other establishments will evict you if you behave dangerously on balconies. You could also get a fine.

Illegal drugs and prison sentences

Possession of even a small quantity of drugs can lead to arrest and detention. Possession of large quantities will usually result in prosecution and a prison sentence.

Illegal commercial parties in villas and private homes

There have been a number of serious accidents involving people attending illegal commercially promoted parties in villas and private homes on the islands of Ibiza and Mallorca.

Licensed clubs and bars have to meet safety and security standards, including emergency exits and capacity limits, and have trained, licensed security staff. Illegal commercial parties may not meet these standards. Take care of your belongings, make sure you know where emergency exits are and do not take unnecessary risks.

You may get a fine for attending illegal commercially promoted parties.

Dress code

In some parts of Spain it's illegal to be in the street wearing only a bikini or swimming shorts. Being bare-chested is also illegal in some areas in Spain. You could be fined if you're caught wearing swimwear on the seafront promenade or adjacent streets.

For security reasons, some public authorities in Spain do not allow the burka or niqab to be worn in their buildings. If you visit town council buildings wearing a burka or niqab, you may be asked to remove it while inside.

Changing money

Always use official money exchange offices or banks because unofficial money changers may give you counterfeit money. Possession or use of counterfeit money is considered a serious crime in Spain and may lead to prosecution.

LGBT+

Spain is a generally tolerant and progressive place for LGBT+ travellers. There are active LGBT+ communities and social venues, particularly in big cities. Same-sex marriage is legal. Transgender people can register under their preferred sex in public documents such as birth certificates, identity cards and passports without undergoing prior gender reassignment surgery.

Read more advice for LGBT+ travellers.

Outdoor activities and adventure tourism

Falls from height

There have been a number of serious accidents, some fatal, involving British nationals falling from height, including from balconies.

Do not take unnecessary risks around balconies or other high places, particularly if you're under the influence of drink or drugs. If you are staying in a room with a balcony, follow the safety advice at the hotel or apartment, and watch out for friends who may be at risk.

In some regions you may be fined or evicted from your hotel if you are found to be behaving irresponsibly around balconies. Your travel insurance may not cover you for incidents that take place on a balcony or if you were under the influence of drink or drugs when the incident happened.

Festivals, concerts and processions

Many large events and public processions are held in Spain each year. Follow the advice of police and local authorities when attending events.

Take care of your valuables if attending a festival or large concert. See the festival travel checklist for more advice.

Swimming and beaches

Every year, people drown in the sea and in swimming pools in Spain. Always supervise children, even if they can swim or there is a lifeguard present.

Take care when swimming in the sea. Some beaches, especially around Spanish islands, may have strong undercurrents.

Hidden rocks or shallow depths can cause serious injury or death. Do not dive into unknown water and do not swim at beaches where a river runs into the sea.

Many beaches have a flag system. Make sure you understand the system and follow any warnings (a red flag means you must not enter the water). Take extra care and get local knowledge if there are no lifeguards, flags or signs.

If you are walking along unmonitored beaches, be aware that waves can come in further than expected and have strong undertows.

See further tips on ABTA's swim safe pages and Water Safety on Holiday from the Royal Life Saving Society. 

Follow local advice if jellyfish are present.

Hill walking, skiing and mountain activities

Temperatures in some parts of Spain can change very quickly. Take extra care when planning a hike or walk. Check local weather reports for warnings of extreme heat or cold temperatures.

Altitude sickness may be a risk in some of the higher mountain ranges in Spain, particularly in the regions of Granada, Huesca and Tenerife. See Health.

For advice on safety and weather conditions for skiing or other outdoor activities you can:

• call the Spanish National Tourist Office in London on 020 7317 2028
• see the European Avalanche Warning Services

If an accident happens while mountaineering, canoeing, potholing or climbing, or if you become lost in the mountains and need mountain rescue, call:

• 112 for the emergency services
• 062 for the Civil Guard

The Catalonia region has started billing climbers, skiers and other adventurers whose negligent behaviour causes them to need rescue.

Transport risks

Check with your airline, tour operator or transport company whether there is any planned strike action which might disrupt your journey.

Road travel

You can use a UK photocard driving licence to drive in Spain. If you still have a paper driving licence, you may need to update it to a photocard licence. Provisional licences are not valid for driving in Spain.

To drive a car or a motorcycle over 125cc in Spain you must be 18 years of age or above, and at least 16 years old to ride a motorcycle up to 125cc. You must carry a valid driving licence and ID.  

If you are using UK insurance, always carry your certificate with you in case you are stopped. Check that your UK insurance will cover you to drive in Spain, and for how long. This certificate is generally only valid for a stay of less than 3 months.

Check the requirements for driving if you live in Spain.

Driving a British car abroad

You may need a UK sticker to drive your car outside the UK.

Driving regulations

If you are planning to drive in Spain, see information on driving abroad and check the rules of the road in the RAC's Spain guide. The guide lists driving regulations and other legal requirements you need to be aware of.

Spain has strict drink-driving laws. Police regularly carry out roadside checks for alcohol and drugs. Penalties include fines, loss of licence and a prison sentence.

The police can give you on-the-spot fines for a variety of driving offences including speeding. If you accept the fine and pay within 20 days, it will be reduced by 50%. More information on how to pay is available on the Spanish driving agency website.

Seatbelts are compulsory for all passengers in the front and back seats. Children under 1.35m in height must use an approved child safety seat secured on the back seat. Children are only permitted to travel in the front seat of the car if the rear seats are already occupied by other children or if the vehicle does not have rear seats.

Car hire agencies can provide child seats, so let them know you need one when you reserve the car. Incorrect installation of a child seat or not wearing a seatbelt can be considered a serious offence and met with fines. 

It is illegal to use a mobile phone when driving, even if you have pulled over to the side of the road. You must be completely away from the road. Using an earpiece is also illegal. Only completely hands-free units are allowed.

Low emission zones

Some inner-city areas in Spain have introduced permanent low emission zones ('Zonas de bajas emisiones' – ZBE) where Spanish vehicles must meet specific exhaust emission standards and display an air pollution sticker. The stickers are not issued to vehicles with foreign registration plates, but some cities require you to register your vehicle in advance – for example, Barcelona.

The Spanish government's general information helpline 060 (if calling in Spain) or +34 902 887 060 (if calling from UK) may be able to provide further information.

Taxis

Only use official registered or licensed taxis, or reputable transport companies you recognise. Licensing regulations differ across Spain and in certain cities pre-booking is required.

Passengers caught using unlicensed taxi services are liable for fines of up to 600 euros. Make sure you book your taxi or airport transfer through a licensed firm.

Extreme weather and natural disasters

Find out what you can do to prepare for and respond to extreme weather and natural hazards.

Extreme temperatures

Extreme temperatures can affect many areas of Spain over the summer months. Follow the Spanish Meteorological Office (AEMET) and European Meteorological Services for severe weather warnings.

The NHS has information on how to cope in hot weather. You can also follow guidance from the Spanish Ministry of Health (in Spanish).

Check with your travel provider and follow the advice of local authorities.

Wildfires

Wildfires happen often in Spain, including on the islands, during the summer months.

Be aware of your environment when visiting or driving through woodland areas. For information on wildfire risk visit the Spanish Meteorological Office (AEMET).

Causing a wildfire is a criminal offence in Spain, even if unintentional. Make sure cigarette ends are properly extinguished, do not light barbecues and do not leave empty bottles behind. You can be heavily fined for not following the rules against lighting outdoor barbecues in forest areas. Make sure you know the rules if considering a barbeque.

For information on what to do in the event of a wildfire, visit Civil Protection (website in Spanish). Immediately report any fire you see to the emergency services on 112. In the case of wildfires, the situation can change quickly, so you should stay up to date with official advice.

Flooding

Flash flooding can cause travel disruption and damage to property and infrastructure. Check weather warnings from Spain's meteorological office (AEMET) before travel and follow the advice of the local authorities.

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance.

Contact your insurance or medical assistance company quickly if you're referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks

At least 8 weeks before your trip:

• check the latest vaccine recommendations for Spain
• see where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

See what health risks you'll face in Spain, including:

• dengue
• biting insects and ticks

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of Spain. Read more about altitude sickness on TravelHealthPro.

Medication

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries. There are details in the guide to getting healthcare in Spain.

Read best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro.

Healthcare in Spain

FCDO has a list of medical providers in Spain where some staff will speak English.

Health insurance cards

To get medically necessary state healthcare in Spain, you need a Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) or a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). 

The NHS's getting healthcare abroad webpage has details about:

• how to apply for a GHIC
• how to get temporary cover if you lose your card or it does not arrive in time
• who qualifies for a new EHIC instead of a GHIC
• what treatment counts as medically necessary

A GHIC or EHIC is not an alternative to travel insurance. You may have costs your GHIC or EHIC does not cover, including:

• changes to travel and accommodation bookings
• additional standard costs for treatment
• medical repatriation to the UK
• treatment that is ruled non-urgent

There is more guidance on healthcare if you're visiting Spain. There is also guidance on healthcare if you're living in Spain.

Hospital treatment

If you need hospital treatment in Spain, you're more likely to receive appropriate care in public healthcare facilities. However, in some tourist areas there may not be any public healthcare facilities nearby. Your insurance or medical assistance company will be able to provide further details.

Some hotels may call private doctors or ambulances to take patients to private hospitals. The GHIC or EHIC will not be accepted there.

Use of face masks

Due to an increase in respiratory infections such as flu and COVID-19, you may have to wear a face mask at doctors' surgeries, hospitals and pharmacies. Rules on face masks may vary by region. Follow the advice of the local authorities and make sure you are aware of the measures in place.

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also guidance on TravelHealthPro.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) cannot provide tailored advice for individual trips. Read this travel advice and carry out your own research before deciding whether to travel.

Emergency services in Spain

Telephone: 112 (ambulance, fire, police)

Reporting crime

To report a crime, including stolen property and lost or stolen passports, you can file a police report ('denuncia') at the nearest station of the:

• National Police ('Policia Nacional')
• regional police ('Ertzaintza' in the Basque Country, 'Mossos d'Esquadra' in Catalonia and 'Policia Foral' in Navarre)
• Civil Guard ('Guardia Civil')

Some Spanish cities also offer a Foreign Tourist Assistance Service ('Servicio de Atención al Turista Extranjero' or 'SATE') where you can report crimes in English.

While in Spain, you can file a police report online for minor offences such as stolen bags or thefts from your car. If you've had belongings stolen, you may need to get a police report for insurance purposes.

If you want to report a violent crime or sexual assault, you must go in person to the nearest police station. 

Contact your travel provider and insurer

Contact your travel provider and your insurer if you are involved in a serious incident or emergency abroad. They will tell you if they can help and what you need to do.

Refunds and changes to travel

For refunds or changes to travel, contact your travel provider. You may also be able to make a claim through insurance. However, insurers usually require you to talk to your travel provider first.

Find out more about changing or cancelling travel plans, including:

• where to get advice if you are in a dispute with a provider
• how to access previous versions of travel advice to support a claim

Support from FCDO

FCDO has guidance on staying safe and what to do if you need help or support abroad, including:

• finding English-speaking lawyers, funeral directors and translators and interpreters in Spain
• dealing with a death in Spain
• being arrested in Spain
• getting help if you're a victim of crime
• what to do if you're in hospital
• if you are affected by a crisis, such as a terrorist attack

Contacting FCDO 

Help abroad  

See how to get help from the UK government abroad including in an emergency. 

Help in the UK  

You can call FCDO in London if you need urgent help because something has happened to a friend or relative abroad.  

Telephone: 020 7008 5000 (24 hours)  

Find out about call charges

Get travel advice updates  

Sign up to get email notifications when this travel advice is updated.  

Follow and contact FCDO: 

• travel advice on X

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Risk information for British companies

The Overseas Business Risk service offers information and advice for British companies operating in Spain on how to manage political, economic, and business security-related risks.

Vaccinations

Title	Special Precautions
Diphtheria	No
Hepatitis A	No
Malaria	No
Rabies	No
Tetanus	Yes
Typhoid	No
Yellow Fever	No

Overview:

Travel insurance is advised for all visitors. In some medical cases, if you are European, you might be able to receive free treatment if you can show proof of a valid European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) obtained in your country of origin.

The overall standards of healthcare in Spain are excellent. Hospitals and surgeries are well equipped and staff are proficient. In pharmacies, over-the-counter advice is given and standard medicines are sold.

Food Drink:

Food in Spain is generally safe to eat. Most restaurants and bars adhere to a certain standard of hygiene. For those with sensitive stomachs, try to avoid street food, such as churros or pinchitos (kebab) which are usually sold in small street-side stores especially in big cities like Madrid and Barcelona. Other foods to look out for include seafood that might not be fresh and sandwiches and omelettes that might have been left out for too long. Tapas bars may sometimes serve foods that have been kept overnight, so be careful what you eat.

Foods sold in local markets are generally fresh and affordable. If you're extremely careful about what you eat, these are the best places to look for clean and fresh produce. Tap water in Spain is safe to drink but some complain that tap water in Ibiza can be quite salty. Bottled and mineral water are easily available throughout the country and can be found in supermarkets and grocery stores.

Other Risks:

In mid-summer temperatures can reach over 40°C (104°F) and heat-related risks are high. Be sure to drink plenty of water, avoid excessive alcohol consumption, wear strong sunscreen and cover your skin with a hat and loose clothing. If partaking in hiking, cycling or other outdoor activities, avoid the midday hours and limit exercise to early mornings or late evenings.

On islands such as Ibiza be aware that alcohol and drugs are prevalent. Stay hydrated when consuming alcohol and be aware that spirit measurements are generous. Taking drugs is illegal and drug dealing is dealt with very severely by the local police and courts.

In Mallorca, waves of jellyfish can make an appearance in summer, and while these are not deadly, they can give a very painful sting.

For those who wish to report a crime such as theft or lost property, the number to call is 092 (local police).

Currency Information:

Euro (EUR; symbol €) = 100 cents (céntimos). Notes are in denominations of €500, 200, 100, 50, 20, 10 and 5. Coins are in denominations of €2 and 1, and 50, 20, 10, 5, 2 and 1 cents.

Credit Cards:

American Express, MasterCard and Visa are accepted throughout the country, although cash is your safest bet.

ATMs:

ATMs are widespread across Spain and many accept foreign cards.

Travellers Cheques:

Traveller's cheques are disappearing from use fast so it's far more convenient to travel with credit cards. Nevertheless, you can still change them in main bank branches and exchange bureaux, and they are also accepted in major hotels. It is advisable to bring them in sterling or dollars as there have been increasing reports of Euro cheques being refused.

Banking Hours:

Generally Mon-Fri 0830-1400. Some branches open on Saturdays from 0900-1200 too.

Currency Restrictions:

There are no restrictions on the import or export of local or foreign currency. However, amounts exceeding €10,000 or equivalent must be declared if travelling from or to a country outside the European Union.

Currency Exchange:

Money can be changed in any bank, and at most travel agencies, major hotels and airports.

Currencies

Code	Symbol
EUR	€

Exchange Rates

0.71

1.00

1.19

0.96

Language

The official language is Spanish (Castilian). Other languages spoken in the first language in Spain include Euskera (in Basque Country, northeastern Spain), Catalan (in Eastern Spain, with variations spoken in Valencia and the Balearics) and Galician (in the northwest). There are also various regional dialects, but you’ll have no problems getting around Spain with knowledge of Castilian Spanish. English is not commonly used, so be sure to pick up some basic Spanish words before your trip.

Overview:

Public holidays are listed here.

.

List Of Public Holidays

Title	Start Date	To Be Confirmed
New Year's Day	2024-01-01 00:00:00	0
Epiphany	2024-01-06 00:00:00	0
Day of the Balearic Islands	2024-03-01 00:00:00	0
St Joseph's Day	2024-03-19 00:00:00	0
Maundy Thursday	2024-03-28 00:00:00	0
Good Friday	2024-03-29 00:00:00	0
Labour Day	2024-05-01 00:00:00	0
Assumption	2024-08-15 00:00:00	0
National Day	2024-10-12 00:00:00	0
All Saint's Day	2024-11-01 00:00:00	0
Constitution Day	2024-12-06 00:00:00	0
Immaculate Conception	2024-12-08 00:00:00	0
Christmas Day	2024-12-25 00:00:00	0
Boxing Day	2024-12-26 00:00:00	0

Note:

Additional dates are celebrated as regional public holidays. * Regional observation only.

Overview:

Spain is within the European Union. If you are travelling from outside of the EU, you are entitled to buy fragrance, skincare, cosmetics, Champagne, wine, selected spirits, fashion accessories, gifts and souvenirs - all at tax-free equivalent prices.

Spain's duty-free allowance for travellers from EU countries:

If you are over 17 years old, you are free to buy and take goods with you when travelling between EU countries, provided that you have paid tax on these goods and they are for your own use (not for sale). However, if you bring in more than the following, customs officials are likely to question you:

• 800 cigarettes or 400 cigarillos or 200 cigars or 1kg of tobacco.
• 90L of still wine of which a maximum of 60L can be sparkling wine.
• 110L of beer.
• 10L of alcoholic beverages stronger than 22% or 20L of fortified or sparkling wine or other liqueurs up to 22%.

Beware that each EU country has different rules for travellers under 17 years old. Please check before you travel.

Spain's duty-free allowance for travellers from non-EU countries:

If you are arriving from a non-EU country, the following goods may be imported into Spain by travellers with a minimum age of 17 years without incurring customs duty:

• 200 cigarettes or 100 cigarillos (max. 3 grams each) or 50 cigars or 250g of tobacco. You may combine any of these tobacco products provided you do not exceed the total limit.
• 4L of wine and 16L of beer and 1L of spirits over 22% volume or 2L of alcoholic beverages less than 22% volume or a proportional mix of these products provided the total limit is not exceeded.
• Other goods up to the value of €430 for air and sea travellers and €300 for other travellers (reduced to €150 for children under 15).

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Banned Imports:

Meat, fish and dairy products from outside the EU, and unauthorised firearms and ammunition.

There is a ban on the import of the following goods from the Russian Federation into the EU: diamonds, gold, jewelry, cigarettes, cosmetics, seafood (e.g. caviar), spirits (e.g. vodka), shoes, clothing and smartwatches.

Telephone:

With mobile phones so widely used by locals and tourists alike, public payphones are no longer widely available in towns and cities. In the event that you need to use a payphone, you can purchase a telephone card from a grocery store.

Mobile Telephone:

Roaming agreements exist with most international mobile phone companies. Coverage is good throughout most of the country. It is relatively easy to get a mobile phone to use temporarily in Spain. Most service providers like Vodafone, Orange and Telefonica offer prepaid SIM cards (that include data roaming). Spanish mobile numbers begin with 6.

Internet:

Wi-Fi is ubiquitous across much of Spain, and is often available free of charge in hotels, restaurants and other establishments. Internet cafés are available in most urban areas.

Post

There are efficient internal and international postal services to all countries from Spain. The postal service is generally cheap and efficient. The main postal company in Spain is Correos, but there are also private companies like Fedex and Sears for express delivery service. Airmail within Europe usually takes around five days.

Post Office Hours:

Mon-Fri 0800-2000 and Sat 0800-1400.

Media:

Broadcasting in Spain has witnessed a spectacular expansion in recent years with the emergence of new commercial operators and the launch of digital services. The main TV broadcaster is the state-owned TVE which operates TV-1 and TV-2. Antena 3, La Cuatro, Telecinco and La Sexta are privately run channels.

English language papers include:
• Metropolitan in Barcelona and Madrid
• The Ibizan in Ibiza
• The Olive Press in Andalucia

Monasteries throughout Spain

Heartbreakingly beautiful Romanesque and gothic architecture can be found across the north of the country, with the lonely San Juan de la Peña in the Pyrenees competing with Soria's San Juan de Duero and Burgos province's Santo Domingo de Silos as the most atmospheric cloisters.

Toledo: Stroll Spain's ancient capital

Head south of Madrid to this ancient Spanish capital, which is dominated by the magnificent cathedral and the Alcázar of Toledo. The cathedral has a magnificent series of paintings by El Greco, who made his home here; his Burial of the Count of Orgaz is featured in the Santo Tomé Church.

Pamplona: Run with bulls

Run with (or rather, from) the Jandilla fighting bulls or join with the crowds at the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona. The famous Running of the Bulls takes place in the streets of the centre in July and attracts huge numbers of thrill-seeking tourists trying their luck at this famous festival.

Seaside resorts: Hit the coast for some watersports

Swimming, jetskiing and waterskiing facilities can be found at nearly all seaside resorts. Spain's premier resort for windsurfing and kitesurfing is Tarifa, on the Atlantic coast, and it is blessed with strong winds and a beautiful stretch of aqua-blue sea. Surfing is big in the north, particularly around the Basque village of Mundaka. Spain is also great for sailing.

Valencia: Uncover the Holy Grail

Check out Santiago Calatrava's City of Arts and Science Park in this forward-looking southeastern city. The Hemispheric, an amazing glass structure, houses a planetarium, IMAX dome and laserium. While in Valencia, visit the cathedral, it claims possession of the Holy Grail, the chalice used at the Last Supper.

San Lorenzo de El Escorial: See the symmetrical monastery

The Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial was built in the 16th century by King Philip II of Spain. Famed for its symmetrical design, with four towers marking each of the monastery's four corners, the magnificent interior houses amazing art and a truly remarkable library. Its baroque Royal Pantheon is the resting place of many Spanish monarchs.

Canary Islands: Discover the dazzling Garajonay National Park

Situated in the very centre of La Gomera in the Canary Islands, Garajonay National Park boasts stunning scenery set amongst rocky vistas. Measuring 3,984 hectares (9,845 acres), the area was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1986 in recognition of the its outstanding natural beauty. Well-marked trails make it a popular visit for outdoor enthusiasts. 

Sevilla: Seek out the sights of Sevilla

Andalucía's hedonistic capital, Sevilla, is the romantic heart of Spain and home of flamenco, Carmen and Don Juan. Wander the narrow streets of the Jewish quarter, snack on tapas, and admire the immense Seville Cathedral (the world's largest gothic church) and the adjoining Alcázar palace complex, a superb example of Mudéjar (Christian-Moorish) architecture.

Bullfight: Brave a bullfight or take a bull ring tour

The controversial tradition of bullfighting is still very much alive in Spain, especially so in Madrid. Most towns only hold bullfights during their annual spring or summer fiestas, but Madrid's Las Ventas Bullfighting Ring hold regular corridas. If an actual bullfight seems too much, Las Ventas also offer guided tours for those that wish to understand the history.

Alhambra: Prepared to be awestruck

The impressive palace-fortress of Alhambra is a supreme creation of Moorish Spain, featuring majestic Arabic gates, intricate carvings and patios – Spain's most significant Islamic architecture. Perched on the hilltop of Granada city, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is one of the most visited monuments in Spain.

Southern Spain: Play a round of Golf

Golf is immensely popular in southern Spain stretching from border with Portugal to La Manga in the region of Murcia. One of the most popular spots, Costa del Sol is home to 60 golf courses including the famed fairways of Valderrama (in the resort of Sotogrande).

Madrid: Be captivated by culture

Culture lovers should explore Spain's capital, Madrid. Museu del Prado is a must; it boasts one of Europe's finest collections of art. Also worthy of a visit is the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, which focuses on modern art and houses Picasso's famous Guernica. Also, don't miss Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid's Royal Palace, the atmosphere around Puerta del Sol and Madrid's historic square, the Plaza Mayor.

Córdoba: Discover Moorish Spain

Discover Moorish Spain in the winding streets of Córdoba, the former seat of the 10th-century Caliphate. The Mezquita (Great Mosque) is a mystic wonder and World Heritage Site. Originally a pagan temple, then a Christian Church, before the Moors converted it into a mosque. Just outside the city, the ruins of Medina Azahara are similarly atmospheric.

Cádiz: Feast on Sanlucar prawns

With archaeological finds dating 3100 years, Cádiz has a wealth of well-preserved historical landmarks in the Old Town which is bordered by the sea on one side and the city walls on another. Visitors also like to spend some time on its breezy Atlantic beaches and enjoy world-famous Sanlúcar prawns. Beyond the city, the Cádiz province could take weeks of your time if you like to hike around the picturesque white villages inland.

Mallorca: The Caves of Drach (Cuevas del Drach)

Explore the Caves of Drach on the island of Mallorca. There are three chambers inside, Cueva Negra (Black Cave), Cueva Blanca (White Cave) and Cueva Luis Salvator (Luis Salvator Cave), as well as Lago Martel (Lake Martel), one of the largest subterranean lakes in the world. Take a boat ride to this otherworldly spot and see the beautiful limestone formations.

Camino de Santiago: Trek the pilgrim way

Known as The Way of St James, the pilgrimage route encompasses a number of different walking trails that lead to the St James Cathedral in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia in northwest Spain. This was originally a pilgrimage route, although it has become a recreational trail. The route is marked with a scallop shell, the symbol of St James.

Bilbao: Savour the delights

Visit Frank Gehry's marvellous Guggenheim Museum, which has turned the main city of the Basque region into a top tourist destination. The museum is a masterpiece of 20th-century architecture. Bilbao's Old Town is extensive with a gothic cathedral and atmospheric shopping streets studded with gourmet pintxo bars.

Barcelona: Explore the Catalan capital

Immerse yourself in Barcelona, from the cramped alleyways of the Barri Gótic (Gothic quarter) to the 19th-century Eixample quarter where many Gaudi buildings lie. Stroll along La Rambla and onto old Barceloneta and the seafront. Sights include La Sagrada Familia (Holy Family), the Seu (old cathedral), the Episcopal Palace and the Palau de la Generalitat. 

Asturias: Hear the blast of bagpipes

The green valleys and picturesque fishing villages of this northern province don't feel like traditional Spain, and when you encounter the cider culture and bagpipes you'll wonder just how strong Celtic roots can be. Super seafood and hospitality redeem the regular rain showers.

Overview

If you're looking for unique souvenirs, there are plenty of artisan markets in Madrid and Andalucía. A myriad of handicraft, porcelain figures and accessories are sold in these markets. They are often set up during festive season like before Christmas.

Spanish leather goods, particularly those from Andalucía, combine excellent craftsmanship with high-quality design. Catalonian textiles are internationally famous and there are mills throughout the region. Fine rugs and carpets are made in Cáceres, Granada and Murcia. The numerous excellent sherries, wines and spirits produced in Andalucía make good souvenirs to take home, as do bottles of Spain's excellent olive oil. Fine, handcrafted wooden furniture is one of the outstanding products of Valencia, which holds an annual international furniture fair. Alicante is an important centre for toy manufacturing.

Spanish fashion is taking the world by storm these days, but even in globally renowned stores like Zara you find plenty of clothing lines that don't make it beyond the border. The best cities for shopping are Madrid and Barcelona, but all provincial capitals have a decent range of retail outlets. Prices have risen in recent years but are still cheaper than in much of northern Europe.

Every town in Spain has its own market halls where you can buy fresh produce direct from growers, and many have a rastro (flea market); Madrid's characterful el Rastro on Sundays is particularly famous.

Opening Hours

Mon-Sat 1000-1400 and 1700-2000. Supermarkets and department stores tend to open 0930-2100/2200, and may open on Sundays in large cities.

Overview

Spain's eating and drinking culture is one of its greatest attractions, and a very sociable one too, with people rubbing shoulders in tapas bars and cafés. The Spaniards take their food seriously – be it diner-style menus del dia (menus of the day) or elaborate, nouveau cuisine in gourmet restaurants. Food is generally dictated by the seasons and fresh, whichever corner of Spain you go to.

An excellent way to understand different facets of Spanish cuisine is to sample tapas (or pintxos in the Basque Country): small snacks served with drinks in local bars across the country. They can range from gourmet canapés to simple plates of olives, cheeses and cured meats, and may be charged or given free.

Spanish drinks have also brewed up quite a storm worldwide – from the thirst-quenching sangria to bubbly Cava to the sophisticated Rioja wine.

Regional Specialities

Tipping

Although Spanish VAT (IVA) of 10% is included in most menu prices, most people leave some small change behind. In upscale restaurants, tipping 10% is expected.

Drinking Age

16 for wine and beer, 18 for spirits.

Hotels

Both international and domestic tourism are huge in Spain, with tourism being the main industry of the country, so don't be surprised by the vast range of accommodation available throughout Spain. Hotels in Spain usually offer media pensión or pensión completa (half-board or full-board) rates, differing in the amount of meals included. Large city hotels usually offer discounted weekend rates and most charge extra for parking, while bed and breakfasts and lodges in the countryside rarely do so. It is always advisable to book accommodation well in advance, particularly during festivals or at popular resorts on the coast from late spring to October. Most hotels in Spain offer Wi-Fi service, although mostly are charged based on an hourly rate.

Grading: Hotels are graded from 1 to 5 stars with some regional variations. Hotels of three stars and above must have bar/café service with breakfast available and many of these categories have full restaurants.

Camping Caravaning

There are over 1,000 campsites throughout the country, covering a wide quality and price range. They can fill fast in high season, towards the end of summer. Campsites can range from basic caravan camping equipped with shower and cooking facilities to well-equipped camping lodges that have bungalows and restaurants on site. In general, campsites in Spain are well-maintained and offer great shelter for budget travellers. Regulations demand that off-site camping is allowed only in isolated areas and permission from the local police and/or landowner is required.

Other

History

The human history of the area now known as Spain is a long one. Remains found in the Atapuerca Mountains indicate that man first arrived in Spain almost one million years ago. The Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans and Visigoths would all later settle here and, in the 8th century, Muslims came to the Iberian Peninsula, kick-starting a centuries-long power struggle between Muslims and Christians, with the latter group eventually establishing the upper hand in the 15th century.

In terms of global influence, Spain’s heyday came between the 16th and mid-17th centuries. During this era, the Spaniards led a charge on the newly discovered New World, hijacking valuable minerals and metals to bankroll the Crown. The Spanish Empire soon became the most extensive the world had ever seen, encompassing territory across Europe, the Americas, Africa and Asia. However, the superpower began to fade in the early 1800s when Napoleon took over Spain. An atmosphere of political instability and uncertainty gave rise to anti-colonial revolts, while many of the country’s colonial conquests broke free.

In the 1930s, Spain suffered tremendously from a civil war, resulting in massacres of civilians and prisoners all over the nation. The war cost hundreds of thousands of lives and ended in a nationalist dictatorship, led by General Francisco Franco. During his 36-year rule, Spain remained largely isolated from the outside world – both economically and culturally.

The death of Franco in 1975 marked a new era for Spain: a rapid transition from dictatorship to liberal democracy and the return of the Bourbon monarch headed by Prince Juan Carlos. In 1981, members of the Guardia Civil attempted a coup d’etat but failed, thanks to the intervention of the King.

Spain joined the European Union (then known as European Economic Community) in 1986 and adopted the Euro in 1999. Since hosting the 1992 Olympics and Seville Expo, the country has undergone significant progress in development, including social reforms such as the legalisation of same-sex marriage, the modernisation of divorce laws and an increase of the minimum wage, as well as infrastructural improvements.

Like many of the European states, Spain was hit hard by the 2008 recession and required a rescue package to help keep its shaky banking sector afloat. A decade later, the economy of Spain is growing again thanks to its vast tourism industry, an active construction sector and a rise in public expenditure.

In 2017, Catalonia declared it would become independent, however this did not receive recognition from the international community.

Did you know?
• In 2015, more than 100 years after building began, Gaudí's Sagrada Família basilica in Barcelona entered its final stage of construction.
• While other countries have the tooth fairy, Spain has Ratoncito Pérez, a mouse who exchanges lost teeth for gifts.
• The United Nations have predicted that by 2050, Spain will have the oldest population in the world, with 40% of its citizens over 60.

Religion

There is no official religion in Spain. Approximately 67% of the population is Roman Catholic, while 28% has no religion. The young generation are less religious than before, but most still celebrate religious festivals. There are approximately 1 million Muslims (2.3% of the country) living in Spain.

Social Conventions

Spanish life has undergone rapid change in recent decades and stricter religious customs have been superseded by more modern ways, particularly in the cities and among women. In spite of this, traditions remain strong; hospitality, chivalry and courtesy thrive. Handshaking is the customary form of greeting between men, while women (outside of a business context) are greeted with a fleeting kiss to either cheek (left then right).

Spaniards eat late; lunch around 1400-1530; the evening meal 2100-2300. The Spanish have two family names; the maternal surname follows the paternal, but is rarely used outside a formal context. Smoking has long been banned in offices, shops, schools, hospitals, cultural centres and on public transport, but in 2011 that ban was extended to all bars, cafes and restaurants. Spain now has one of the toughest anti-smoking laws in Europe. 

Best Time To Visit:

Spain's climate varies from temperate in the north to dry and hot in the south. As it is a big country with varying terrain and altitudes, climate can be extremely distinctive from one corner to another. Overall, the country has three main climate zones:
• The Mediterranean climate from the southern Atlantic coastal region to Andalusia. Blessed with mild temperatures and long days, these places are excellent to visit all year round.
• The semi-arid climate in the south-eastern quarter of the country.
• The oceanic climate in the Atlantic region (Basque Country, Cantabria, Asturias, and partly Galicia, Castile–León and the Pyrenean valleys).

The best time to visit depends on the region and type of travel experience you’re seeking. For a beach vacation, the best months for guaranteed sunshine are June to August. Naturally, these are also the busiest months for tourism along the coast and on the Spanish islands, so be prepared for high prices and crowds. If you're looking to escape the crowds, head inland to cities like Seville and Granada where temperatures are sizzling but streets aren't as crowded as the coastal cities.

The shoulder season for travel in Spain is usually late spring and autumn: from April to end of May and October to November. These are when tourist destinations are least crowded and weather is still pleasant.

January to February is the best time to ski – there are about 35 ski resorts in Spain and they generally have a good amount of snow and also a fair amount of sunshine. In the Sierra Nevada, the sun can be quite overwhelming even in the snow – come prepared with snow goggles and sunscreen.

• Click here to see the weather & best time to visit Madrid guide.

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Required Clothing

From June to August on the coastal areas, casual beach wear such as flip flops, vests, loose fitting clothing and shorts will suffice. It can get unbearably hot in the city, so be prepared to brave the weather with plenty of water, a hat and sunscreen.

In between high and low season (April-May; October-November) the climate can be unpredictable in certain parts of the country, be sure to pack your umbrella, raincoat and a light jacket for the night.

Dialing Code:

+34

Area(sq km):

505,990

Population:

46.747.840

Population Density(per sq km):

95

Population Year:

2020

EU Member:

Yes

Main emergency number

112