Greece Travel Guide

Overview

Capital:

Athens.

Geography:

Greece is situated in southeast Europe, bordering Albania, Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, Turkey to the east and the Mediterranean Sea to the south and west.

The mainland consists of the following regions: Central Greece, Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, Macedonia (which, incidentally, borders the country Republic of Macedonia, also known as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia or FYR Macedonia) and Thrace. High mountains, fertile plains, pine forest and scrub-covered foothills are all found on the Greek mainland.

The largest mountain range is the Pindus, which runs north-south through central mainland Greece, and separates the regions of Thessaly and Epirus. The highest mountain is Olympus, which soars 2,917m (9,570ft) - according to Ancient Greek mythology, this is where the 12 Olympian Gods resided.

The islands account for one-fifth of the country's land area. The majority are thickly clustered in the Aegean between the Greek and Turkish coasts. The Ionian Islands are the exception; they are scattered along the west coast in the Ionian Sea, looking (both geographically and culturally) towards Italy.

The Aegean archipelago includes the Dodecanese, lying off the Turkish coast, of which Rhodes is the best known; the northeast Aegean group, including Chios, Ikaria, Lemnos, Lesvos and Samos; the Sporades, off the central mainland; and the Cyclades, comprising 39 islands (of which only 24 are inhabited). Crete, the largest island (with an astounding 1,000km/621miles of coastline and a population of some 650,000), is not included in any formal grouping.

Getting There

Getting There By Air

Greece's main carriers are Olympic Air (www.olympicair.com) and Aegean Airlines (www.aegeanair.com). Major airlines serving airports in Greece include Alitalia, Aeroflot, British Airways, El Al, Emirates, Etihad, KLM, Lufthansa, Norwegian, Ryanair, SAS, Turkish Airlines, Qatar, among others. The cost of flights to Greece peaks from June to August when most Europeans take their holidays. Throughout the rest of the year prices vary according to demand.

Major airports are: Athens Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport, Corfu Ioannis Kapodistrias International Airport, Chania International Airport, Thessaloniki International Airport, Heraklion International Airport, Kos Island International Airport, Mykonos Airport and Rhodes Diagoras International Airport.

Departure Tax

Included in the air fare.

Flight Times

To Athens: from London - 3 hours 40 minutes; New York - 9 hours 10 minutes.

Getting There By Road

You can enter Greece via one of the many border crossings shared between Greece and Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria and Turkey.

Getting There By Water

There are about 50 seaports in Greece. Ferries from Italy stop at Patras (Pátra), Igoumenítsa, and Corfu (Kérkyra). Ferries from Turkey go to Rhodes, Chios, Kos and Samos. Ferries from Egypt, Cyprus and Israel go to Piraeus and Rhodes. Piraeus (www.olp.gr) also has dozens of daily ferry and catamaran departures for various Greek islands.

Getting Around

Getting Around By Air

Olympic Airlines (www.olympicair.com) and Aegean Airlines (www.aegeanair.com) operate domestic flights in Greece. Major routes include Athens-Thessaloniki and Athens-Heraklion (on Crete).

Advance bookings are recommended throughout summer. Private charter flights are also available.

Bike

The Greek countryside offers superb terrain for mountain bikers. Various companies hire out bikes, and organise guided and self-guided tours of anything from a half-day to one week. The most popular regions for cycling are the island of Crete and the Peloponnese, both of which offer cycling paths, rural back roads and stunning mountain scenery.

Breakdown Services

ELPA (Automobile and Touring Club of Greece) or use the number given by your insurance provider.

Car Hire

Most major international car hire firms operate throughout Greece, with offices at airports, ferry ports and in all major cities. The legal age for hiring a car is 21.

Coach

Cities in Greece are well connected by an extensive network of long-distance buses, which often are more efficient than trains. Major routes include Athens-Thessaloniki and Athens-Patras. The private companies involved operate under the umbrella of KTEL (www.ktel.org).

Documentation

A national driving licence is acceptable for EU nationals. You must carry your car registration documents at all times. Nationals of non-EU countries will need an International Driving Permit.

Getting Around By Rail

Athens has one main railway station, Larissa. Train information and tickets are available from the Hellenic Railways Organisation (OSE) (www.trainose.gr). The main train line serves Athens and Thessaloniki with express trains taking about 4 hours each way.

Regulations

The minimum age for driving is 18. Children under 10 must sit in the back seat. Seat belts must be worn. There are fines for breaking traffic regulations. The maximum speed limit is 110-120kph (68-75mph) on motorways, 90kph (56mph) on ordinary roads and 50kph (31mph) in built-up areas.

Items you must carry with you are headlamp beam deflectors (either deflector stickers or have to adjust the beam manually), a warning triangle, as well as a fire extinguisher or first aid kit.

Items you must not carry with you are spare patrol.

It is also illegal to use your horn in built-up areas except in cases where there is immediate danger.

Getting Around By Road

Greece's motorway network has been significantly upgraded in recent years. Some sections of motorways and some bridges have toll gates; many of which accept cash. In rural areas, and especially on the islands, many roads are narrow and twisty.

Beware that roads up steep mountains may involve hairpin bends and plummeting cliffs with no guardrails. To reach some of the more isolated beaches you may have to negotiate unsurfaced tracks.

Road Classification

Greece's major motorways are E75 (Athens-Thessaloniki), E94 (Athens-Corinth), E55 (Patras-Pyrgos-Olympia), E90 (Thessaloniki-Kavala- Alexandroupoli), among others. Secondary roads are known as national roads and numbered from 1 to 99.

Side Of Road

r

Taxi

In Athens, taxis are safe, plentiful and cheap. It is common practice to share the ride with other passengers going in a similar direction. The same applies to other major cities. On the more commercial islands, such as Santorini, taxis can be expensive and also difficult to find during peak season. On the less touristy islands, taxis are cheaper but often scarce.

Urban Travel

Athens: Athens city centre is well served by frequent buses and trolleybuses, and its reliable metro system has three lines (Line 1 is green, Line 2 is red, and Line 3 is blue). Line 3 serves the city centre and Athens International Airport. You can buy tickets from Transport for Athens (www.oasa.gr) at various booths and kiosks situated around the city as well as at underground stations.

The tram system in Athens cuts through the city from Syntagma Square right through to the coast and runs a pleasant route from Peace and Friendship Stadium (in Neo Faliro) all the way to the most southern point of Glyfada. Trams connect with the Metro at Syntagma, Neos Kosmos and Neo Faliro.

Athens' yellow taxis are extremely cheap by European standards. If you hail a taxi down in the street, it's not unusual to share the ride with other passengers going in a similar direction. Drivers are obliged to run a meter. Prices go up between midnight and 0500.

Thessaloniki: The city centre is well served by frequent buses. Tickets can be purchased from periptera (kiosks). Taxis in Thessaloniki are dark blue and white. As in Athens, they are cheap and plentiful.

Getting Around By Water

It is both cheap and easy to travel around the islands. There are ferry services (www.greekferries.gr) on many routes, with services most frequent during the summer. The main ports in Attica are Piraeus and Rafina, although there are regular services to the islands from the smaller ports of Alexandroupolis, Igoumenitsa, Kavala, Kyllini, Patras, Thessaloniki and Volos.

You can buy tickets from the shipping lines' offices located around the quaysides or online. In major ports the larger companies have offices in the city centre. There are two classes of ticket (First Class and Economy Class) which offer varying degrees of comfort. Cabins can be booked for the longer voyages or those wishing to avoid the sun. Most ships have restaurant facilities. During high season it is wise to buy tickets in advance, as inter-island travel is very popular.

Routes from Piraeus: Piraeus offers frequent services to most islands in the following groups: Argo-Saronic, Cyclades, Dodecanese and the northeast Aegean, plus Crete and several mainland ports. Check sailing times either with individual lines, the Greek National Tourism Organisation, or in Piraeus.

Routes from Rafina: There are ferries to nearby Evia from Rafina, plus to some islands in the Cyclades, the Dodecanese, and the northeast Aegean.

Other routes: Several other routes between the mainland ports and the islands are also covered.

Yachts: Numerous types of yachts and sailing vessels can be chartered or hired with or without crews.

Travel Advice

Before you travel

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to: 

• see general advice for women travellers
• read our guide on disability and travel abroad
• see general advice for LGBT+ travellers
• read about safety for solo and independent travel
• see advice on volunteering and adventure travel abroad

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) provides advice about risks of travel to help you make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice.

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This information is for people travelling on a full 'British citizen' passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government's understanding of the current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in Greece set and enforce entry rules. If you're not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Greek Embassy in the UK.

Passport validity requirements

Greece follows Schengen area rules. Your passport must:

• have a 'date of issue' less than 10 years before the date you arrive – if you renewed your passport before 1 October 2018, it may have a date of issue that is more than 10 years ago
• have an 'expiry date' at least 3 months after the day you plan to leave the Schengen area

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen.

Visa requirements

You can travel without a visa to the Schengen area, which includes Greece, for up to 90 days in any 180-day period without a visa. This applies if you travel:

• as a tourist
• to visit family or friends
• to attend business meetings, cultural or sports events
• for short-term studies or training

The requirements for working in Greece are different. If you are a touring creative, see details about the Uniform (Schengen) visa.

If you're travelling to other Schengen countries as well, make sure your whole visit is within the 90-day visa-free limit. Visits to Schengen countries within the previous 180 days before you travel count towards your 90 days. If you overstay the 90-day visa-free limit, you may be banned from entering Schengen countries for up to 3 years.

If you're a visitor, border guards will look at your entry and exit stamps to check you have not overstayed the 90-day visa-free limit for the Schengen area.

If your passport is missing a stamp, show evidence of when and where you entered or left the Schengen area (for example, boarding passes or tickets) and ask the border guards to add the date and location in your passport. 

You may also need to:

• show a return or onward ticket
• prove that you have enough money for your stay

Staying longer than 90 days in a 180-day period

For a longer stay, you must apply to the Greek authorities for a national visa.

If you're in Greece with a residence permit or long-stay visa, this does not count towards your 90-day visa-free limit.

Read about passport stamping if you live in Greece.

Vaccine requirements

For details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccines, see TravelHealthPro's Greece guide.

Customs rules

There are strict rules about goods that can be brought into and taken out of Greece. You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

Taking food into Greece

You cannot take meat, milk or products containing them into EU countries. There are some exceptions such as powdered baby milk, baby food and special foods or pet feed required for medical reasons.

Terrorism

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe abroad and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.

Terrorism in Greece

Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreign nationals.

There have been several attacks involving explosives and automatic weapons against Greek institutions, shopping malls, banks, media offices, diplomatic premises and the police.

Protests and demonstrations

Political protests

Greek authorities have increased security at some prominent locations, including tourist sites, due to events in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories.

There is currently a heightened risk of such protests, particularly in central Athens.

Stay aware of your surroundings, stay away from protests and follow the advice of local authorities.  

Strikes and demonstrations

There are regular strikes, sometimes called at short notice, that can cause disruption to buses, trains, ferries and air travel, as well as road networks and borders. 

Demonstrations often take place around major squares in central Athens, in particular Syntagma Square. Political demonstrations may take place on certain dates: 

• 1 May (Labour Day)
• 17 November (anniversary of when student protests against a military dictatorship were put down violently – 'Polytechnio')
• 6 December (anniversary of the shooting of 15-year-old student Alexandros Grigoropoulos)

Some demonstrations in the past have turned violent. Avoid demonstrations wherever possible and move away to the last known safe place. Security forces often use tear gas to break up demonstrations, which can harm your breathing and vision.

Crime

Protecting your belongings

Thefts of passports, wallets and handbags are common on the metro and in crowded tourist places, particularly in central Athens. Carry your valuables in different bags and pockets and keep a copy of your passport photo page somewhere safe.

When driving on holiday, keep your valuables out of sight and lock your vehicle at all times. Always park in a well-lit area or secure car park. Be alert to car crime.

Sexual assault

To reduce your personal risk, especially late at night and around clubs and bars: 

• save the location of your accommodation on your maps app, so it's easier to find at the end of the night
• set up a WhatsApp group to keep in touch with others in your group
• keep an eye on each other's drinks to make sure they do not get spiked
• do not let a friend walk back to their hotel alone
• do not give a drunk person more alcohol

Use pre-arranged transport or taxi-hailing apps such as Uber or Free Now which supply licensed cabs.

Report anything that does not feel right to local authorities or hotel or club management.    

Racially-motivated attacks

The majority of visitors experience no difficulties related to their race, but there have been some racially-motivated attacks, particularly in inner-city areas.

Laws and cultural differences

Personal ID

Always carry your passport, to show to the police if they request identification. Police may not accept a copy.

 Public offences

The Greek police will arrest you for any behaviour they find rowdy or indecent, especially where excessive drinking is involved. Some fancy dress costumes may be regarded as offensive and therefore against decency laws.

The courts are likely to impose a heavy fine or a prison sentence if they judge the behaviour to be illegal. Your travel insurance may not cover you if you miss flights because of an alcohol-related arrest.        

Smoking bans

It's illegal to smoke in indoor public places, including shopping malls and transport hubs. You could get a fine of up to 500 euros.

Illegal drugs and prison sentences

Possession of even small quantities of illegal drugs can lead to a long prison sentence.

Nitrous oxide is illegal to buy or sell for recreational use. You could be arrested or fined.

Public transport fines

You may need to time stamp your ticket on public transport for it to be valid. If you are found with an unvalidated ticket, you could get a fine. Check with local providers.

Buying goods or services

By law restaurants must provide an itemised bill. Make sure you get a receipt for any goods or services you buy.   

Carrying weapons

Offensive items like pepper spray or knuckledusters are listed as weapons in Greece. A knife with a blade measuring 10cm or more counts as a weapon, and you need a special licence for any knife that is not made for domestic, professional, artistic or hunting use.       

LGBT+ travellers

Same-sex sexual activity is legal in Greece, and civil unions between same-sex couples have been legal since 2015. The age of consent in Greece is 15, this applies to partners of both the same sex and opposite sex. Transgender people are able to change their legal gender. Anti-discrimination and hate speech laws apply to gender identity.

Public attitudes towards same-sex couples vary throughout the country. Couples showing affection in public may be frowned on, especially in rural areas. Attitudes are generally more welcoming in Athens and on many Greek islands.

Read more advice for LGBT+ travellers.

Military service

Men aged 19 and above, born to a Greek national, may have military service obligations, regardless of any other nationality they hold. The authorities can stop you leaving Greece until you complete military service.

Using cameras or approaching sensitive locations

It is illegal to approach or take photos or videos of military installations, vehicles or buildings. The authorities will arrest and possibly prosecute anyone doing so. Border areas are also militarily sensitive. If you visit such areas, do not take photos or videos.

Outdoor activities and adventure tourism

Music festivals

Take extra care of your valuables at festivals or large concerts. Read the festivals in Europe travel checklist for more advice.

Water sports and swimming safety

Book activities at a licensed water sports centre and before you start:

• make sure the paperwork is completed
• ask for a safety demonstration
• make sure you know how to call for help

For more advice, see the website for Safe Water Sports, a non-profit organisation in Greece that aims to prevent accidents.

Obey warning signs and flags on beaches. Follow instructions from lifeguards and get follow local advice if jellyfish or urchins are present.

Quad biking and mopeds

Quad biking is an extreme sport and carries the risk of serious injury or death. You need specific travel insurance to cover quad biking. Always read the details of your insurance cover – especially the small print and exclusions on your policy.

Make sure you get full instructions and training before your activity.

Insurance sold by the hire company usually only provides third-party insurance. It's likely the company will charge you for any damage to the rental vehicle, and you may face arrest if you do not pay.

If you hire a moped, you need a valid driving licence with at least category A1 – 'light motorcycle'. Choose a category in accordance with your driving licence and age. Category P, which is valid in the UK for driving mopeds up to 50cc, is not valid in Greece.

Make sure the vehicle is in good condition. Drivers and passengers must wear helmets before operating quad bikes and mopeds. Failure to do so may invalidate your insurance. If police stop you, they will fine you and take your licence.

Transport risks

Road travel

If you are planning to drive in Greece, see information on driving abroad and check the rules of the road in the RAC's Greece guide. The guide lists driving regulations and other legal requirements you need to be aware of.

You can use a UK photocard driving licence to drive in Greece. If you still have a paper driving licence, you may need to update it to a photocard licence or get the 1968 version of the international driving permit (IDP) as well.  

Check if you need a UK sticker to drive your car outside the UK. 

Hire car companies often have stricter requirements for their customers, such as a year of driving experience, a higher minimum age and holding an IDP. 

Drink-driving is a serious offence in Greece. If you are tested and found to have more than two-thirds of England's legal limit of alcohol in your system, you could get a fine and possible imprisonment. 

Driving conditions

Traffic can be busy, fast and chaotic, especially in the larger cities. Local drivers regularly ignore speed limits, including in built-up areas.

Pedestrian crossings

When walking roadside, take care when crossing the road and if possible use a pedestrian crossing. Drivers do not always stop at crossings, even though they are supposed to. The green pedestrian crossing signal sometimes allows cars to turn right on to a crossing, so cross with caution.

Extreme weather and natural disasters

Find out what you can do to prepare for and respond to extreme weather and natural hazards.

Flooding

Adverse weather conditions, including floods, are affecting some regions. The situation can change quickly. Follow '112 Greece' on X for official updates

Wildfires

There is a high risk of wildfires during the summer season from April to October.

Wildfires are highly dangerous and unpredictable. The situation can change quickly.

To avoid starting wildfires:

• leave no litter, especially not glass which is known to start fires
• make sure cigarettes are properly extinguished
• do not light barbecues

Causing a wildfire or a forest fire is a criminal offence in Greece – even if unintentional. If you see a fire, call the emergency services on 112.

Be cautious if you are in or near an area affected by wildfires:

• follow @112Greece for official updates
• follow the guidance of the emergency services
• call the Greek emergency services on 112 if you are in immediate danger
• contact your airline or travel operator who can assist you with return travel to the UK

Register for alerts from the Greek government's Emergency Communication Service) (in English):

• for iPhones go to Settings > Notifications and enable the 'Emergency Alerts' option at the bottom
• for Android 11 and higher go to Settings > Notifications > Advanced Settings > Wireless Emergency Alerts
• for Samsung devices go to Settings > Apps > Messages > Notifications > Emergency Notifications and enable the 'Emergency Alerts' option

For further information, see Greece's Civil Protection website (in Greek).

Earthquakes

There is a risk of earthquakes and earth tremors. You should:

• familiarise yourself with safety procedures in the event of an earthquake
• follow advice given by the local authorities
• call the Greek emergency services on 112 if you are in immediate danger

The Civil Protection website has advice about what to do before, during and after an earthquake (in Greek), and reports on incidents.

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Dial 112 or 166 and ask for an ambulance.

Contact your insurance or medical assistance company quickly if you're referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks

At least 8 weeks before your trip: 

• check the latest vaccine recommendations for Greece
• see where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

See what health risks you'll face in Greece. 

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of Greece. Read more about altitude sickness on TravelHealthPro.  

Medication

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

Read best practice when travelling with medicines.

Pharmacies across Greece stock a good supply of medicines, but there are strict rules around dispensing certain medicines, including antibiotics. Bring prescription medicines with you and carry a letter from your doctor stating the quantity required during your stay. Keep the medication in the original container with the prescription label. The name on the prescription must match the name on your passport.

Prescriptions for uninsured individuals are only dispensed from:

• pharmacies at hospitals
• pharmacies registered with the National Organisations for the Provision of Health Services (EOPYY)

If you need to take controlled medicines in Greece, contact the Organisation Against Drugs (OKANA).

For more information, contact the Greek National Organisation of Medicines.

Telephone: 0030 213 2040 395 or 0030 213 2040 285 between 1pm and 2pm on weekdays.

Email: clearance@eof.gr

Healthcare in Greece  

Treatment and facilities are generally good on the mainland, but may be limited on the islands. The standards of nursing and aftercare, particularly in the state sector, is not to the usual standard of the UK. The public ambulance service is basic. There are serious shortages of ambulances on some islands.

If you are uninsured, you may not be able to get medical treatment or diagnostic tests from private doctors in Greece, only from public hospitals and primary healthcare centres.

FCDO has a list of medical providers in Greece where some staff will speak English. On some Greek islands, local staff in bars or airports my direct you to private first aid or medical centres rather than to the public hospital.

There is also information if you're hospitalised in Greece.

Health insurance cards

To get medically necessary state healthcare in Greece, you need a Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) or a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC).

The NHS's getting healthcare abroad webpage has details about:

• how to apply for a GHIC
• how to get temporary cover if you lose your card or it does not arrive in time
• who qualifies for a new EHIC instead of a GHIC
• what treatment counts as medically necessary

A GHIC or EHIC is not an alternative to travel insurance. You may have costs your GHIC or EHIC does not cover, including:

• changes to travel and accommodation bookings
• additional standard costs for treatment
• medical repatriation to the UK
• treatment that is ruled non-urgent
• private healthcare
• private clinics

Read guidance on healthcare if you're living in Greece.

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also guidance on TravelHealthPro.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) cannot provide tailored advice for individual trips. Read this travel advice and carry out your own research before deciding whether to travel.

Emergency services in Greece

Telephone: 112 (ambulance, fire, police) 

Calling 999 from a UK mobile in Greece will automatically transfer you to the Greek emergency services.

Contact your travel provider and insurer

Contact your travel provider and your insurer if you are involved in a serious incident or emergency abroad. They will tell you if they can help and what you need to do.

Refunds and changes to travel

For refunds or changes to travel, contact your travel provider. You may also be able to make a claim through insurance. However, insurers usually require you to talk to your travel provider first.

Find out more about changing or cancelling travel plans, including:

• where to get advice if you are in a dispute with a provider
• how to access previous versions of travel advice to support a claim

Support from FCDO

FCDO has guidance on staying safe and what to do if you need help or support abroad, including:

• finding English-speaking lawyers, funeral directors and translators and interpreters in Greece
• dealing with a death in Greece
• being arrested in Greece
• getting help if you're a victim of crime
• what to do if you're in hospital
• if you are affected by a crisis, such as a terrorist attack

Contacting FCDO

Help abroad

See how to get help from the UK government abroad including in an emergency.

Help in the UK

You can call FCDO in London if you need urgent help because something has happened to a friend or relative abroad.

Telephone: 020 7008 5000 (24 hours)

Find out about call charges

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Sign up to get email notifications when this travel advice is updated.

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Risk information for British companies

The Overseas Business Risk service offers information and advice for British companies operating in Greece on how to manage political, economic, and business security-related risks.

Vaccinations

Title	Special Precautions
Yellow Fever	No**
Typhoid	No
Tetanus	Yes
Rabies	No*
Malaria	No
Hepatitis A	Sometimes
Diphtheria	No

Overview:

Members of the European Economic Area (EEA) and Switzerland are entitled to free emergency medical treatment providing they have a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC).

Visitors from outside the EU are strongly advised to take out travel medical insurance before visiting Greece. Respective consulates and Athens-based embassies can help visitors find hospitals and doctors in Greece, should the need arise. Note that most Greek doctors speak basic English. If you plan to do any extreme sports, such as scuba diving while on holiday, you should also look into extra insurance cover.

For minor problems, it may be sufficient to visit a pharmacy – pharmacists in Greece are highly qualified and can offer advice and medication for mild conditions.

Emergency care, in the case of accidents, is provided free of charge to all nationalities at public hospitals. However, be aware that there is a certain degree of corruption within the Greek healthcare system. Even in public hospitals, doctors often expect under-the-table payments from patients in return for priority treatment, and sometimes receive kickbacks for referring patients to private institutions. Public hospitals are frequently understaffed, so it is not unusual for family members to bring patients meals from home and sometimes even stay overnight to help with basic nursing care. Private hospitals usually require proof of adequate insurance or cash before admitting foreign patients.

Note that the Greek health care system is heavily concentrated in Athens (and to a lesser extent Thessaloniki); people from the islands and rural areas usually travel to the capital to see consultants and receive treatment for more serious ailments.

For emergencies, ring 166 (public ambulance).

Vaccinations Note:

* Cases of rabies are extremely rare, but there have been small outbreaks in Epirus, Western Macedonia, Central Macedonia, Eastern Macedonia, Thrace and Thessaly. If you are travelling to those regions it may be worth getting vaccinated. If you are bitten, seek medical attention immediately.

** A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from all travellers over one year of age coming from infected areas.

Food Drink:

Tap water is drinkable in Athens and other cities – in fact, in areas where the local water is good, bars and restaurants are obliged by law to provide customers with glasses or jugs of tap water free of charge upon request. However, visitors with a sensitive stomach should be wary of drinking tap water in remote areas and on many islands. Bottled water is widely available and prices are strictly controlled on the mainland and islands. Milk is pasteurised and dairy products are safe for consumption. Local meat, poultry, seafood, fruit and vegetables are considered safe to eat.

Other Risks:

Visitors to forested areas should consider getting the vaccination for tick-borne encephalitis three months before their date of travel.

The mosquito-borne illness West Nile fever occurs occasionally. Travellers are advised to protect themselves from mosquito bites.

Currency Information:

Euro (EUR; symbol €) = 100 cents. Notes are in denominations of €500, 200, 100, 50, 20, 10 and 5. Coins are in denominations of €2, 1 and 50, 20, 10, 5, 2 and 1 cents.

Credit Cards:

American Express, Diners Club, MasterCard, Visa and other major credit cards are widely accepted (although less so in petrol stations).

ATMs:

ATM’s are widely available in all cities and towns, on the mainland and the islands. They are generally reliable.

Travellers Cheques:

No longer popular but still accepted by banks.

Banking Hours:

Mon-Thurs 0800-1430, Fri 0800-1400. Banks on the larger islands tend to stay open in the afternoon and some during the evening to offer currency exchange facilities during the tourist season.

Currency Restrictions:

There are no restrictions on the import or export of local or foreign currency. However, amounts exceeding €10,000 or equivalent must be declared if travelling from or to a country outside the European Union.

Currency Exchange:

Foreign currency can be exchanged at all banks, savings banks and bureaux de change. Exchange rates can fluctuate from one bank to another.

Currencies

Code	Symbol
EUR	€

Exchange Rates

0.71

1.00

1.19

0.96

Language

Greek (Ellenika) is the official language. Most people connected with tourism, and younger generations generally speak some English, French, German or Italian.

Overview:

Public holidays are listed here.

.

List Of Public Holidays

Title	Start Date	To Be Confirmed
New Year's Day	2024-01-01 00:00:00	0
Epiphany	2024-01-06 00:00:00	0
Independence Day	2024-03-25 00:00:00	0
Labour Day	2024-05-01 00:00:00	0
Orthodox Good Friday	2024-05-03 00:00:00	0
Orthodox Easter Monday	2024-05-06 00:00:00	0
Orthodox Whit Monday	2024-06-24 00:00:00	0
Assumption	2024-08-15 00:00:00	0
Ochi Day	2024-10-28 00:00:00	0
Christmas Day	2024-12-25 00:00:00	0
Boxing Day	2024-12-26 00:00:00	0

Overview:

Greece is within the European Union. If you are travelling from outside of the EU, you are entitled to buy fragrance, skincare, cosmetics, Champagne, wine, selected spirits, fashion accessories, gifts and souvenirs - all at tax-free equivalent prices.

Greece's duty-free allowance for travellers from EU countries:

If you are over 17 years old, you are free to buy and take goods with you when travelling between EU countries, provided that you have paid tax on these goods and they are for your own use. However, if you bring in more than the following, customs officials are more likely to ask the reason for holding the goods:

• 800 cigarettes or 400 cigarillos or 200 cigars or 1kg of tobacco.
• 90L of still wine (60L of sparkling wine).
• 110L of beer.
• 10L of alcoholic beverages stronger than 22% or 20L of fortified or sparkling wine or other liqueurs up to 22%.

Beware that each EU country has different rules for travellers under 17 years old. Please check before you travel.

Greece's duty-free allowance for travellers from non-EU countries:

If you are arriving from a non-EU country, the following goods may be imported into Greece by travellers with a minimum age of 17 years without incurring customs duty:

• 200 cigarettes or 100 cigarillos (max. 3 grams each) or 50 cigars or 250g of tobacco. You may combine any of these tobacco products provided you do not exceed the total limit.
• 4L of wine and 16L of beer and 1L of spirits over 22% volume or 2L of alcoholic beverages less than 22% volume or a proportional mix of these products provided the limit is not exceeded.
• Other goods up to the value of €430 for air and sea travellers and €300 for other travellers (reduced to €150 for children under 15).

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Banned Imports:

The import of soil (as well as plants) and certain animals is restricted. The import of meat, meat products, milk and milk products from outside the EU is also restricted. Firearms, explosive and drugs are very tightly controlled.

There is a ban on the import of the following goods from the Russian Federation into the EU: diamonds, gold, jewelry, cigarettes, cosmetics, seafood (e.g. caviar), spirits (e.g. vodka), shoes, clothing and smartwatches.

Telephone:

Public payphones are disappearing as mobile phones are now widely used.

Mobile Telephone:

Roaming agreements exist with most international mobile phone companies. Coverage is excellent on the mainland and islands, but occasionally disappears in more rural locations.

Internet:

Wi-Fi is widely available in Greece and in most establishments it is free to customers.

Post

All letters, postcards, newspapers and periodicals will automatically be sent by airmail. Airmail to the rest of Europe takes five days; six to North America; seven to Australia.

Post Office Hours:

In Athens, the main post office on Syntagma Square is open Mon-Fri 0730-2000, Sat 0730-1400 and Sun 0900-1330. Most smaller offices work Mon-Fri 0730-1400 only.

Media:

A free press operates in Greece, and English papers are available in all the main tourist destinations.

The Dodecanese Islands and Rhodes

Situated in south-eastern Aegean Sea, The Dodecanese Islands are closer to Turkey than mainland Greece. Rhodes is the largest island and its UNESCO-listed Medieval Old Town consists of immaculately preserved buildings where the knights of St John once lived.

The Ionian Islands and Corfu

Off the western coast of Greece, many of the Ionian Islands have sheer cliffs, olive groves and sandy beaches. Packed with 19th-century neo-classical mansions, Corfu (Kerkyra) is a popular holiday destination. Less touristy islands include Paxos, Antipaxos, Lefkada and Ithaka.

Meteora

On the edge of a flat plain in Thessaly, Central Greece lies the Meteora, a group of monasteries built atop sandstone pinnacles designed to keep the monks and nuns safe. UNESCO-listed, only six of the original 24 monasteries survive and they are open to the public.

Mount Athos

Known as 'Holy Mountain', Mount Athos covers a 335 sq km (130 sq mile) peninsula. An Orthodox spiritual centre since 1054, Mount Athos consists of 20 Orthodox monasteries, 1,400 monks, and an invaluable collection of frescoes and religious art. Although part of Greece, Mount Athos has a special self-administered system under Hellenic Constitutional Law. Women and children are banned. Only 100 Orthodox and 100 non-Orthodox male pilgrims are admitted to the site each day. Applications must be approved by the Mount Athos Pilgrim's Bureau.

Olympia

Olympia is the birthplace of the Olympic Games, which were first held here in 776 BC. Situated on the Peloponnese peninsula, the site boasts many ancient ruins including the Hippodrome where ancient horse races were held. The Museum of the Olympic Games is well worth a visit. Olympia was also an important worship site of Zeus – today, visitors also come to see the ruins of the Temple of Zeus and the Temple of Hera.

The Cyclades Islands and Santorini

Consisting of 56 islands scattered across the Aegean Sea, the Cyclades includes Santorini, one of the most Instagrammable places in the world. Other islands with classic whitewashed villages and turquoise waters are Mykonos, Milos, Folegandros and Serifos. The uninhabited Delos is said to be the birthplace of Apollo.

Delphi

Believed by the ancients to be the centre of the world, Delphi was home to Apollo and Pythia (high priestess of the Temple of Apollo), Classical Greece's most notable oracle. The religious complex, set on a stunning hillside site, comprises classical temples, a theatre and a stadium. Delphi also hosted the Pythian Games, started in 582BC and said to be precursors of the Olympic Games.

Epirus

Straddles between the Pindos mountain range and the Ionian Sea, the region of Epirus attracts visitors who desire a mix of adventure and natural scenery. Sustainable tourism and agritourism, offered by farmhouses in traditional villages, also provide wonderful fleece-to-garment and farm-to-table experiences. Check out this article on Epirus.

Thessaloniki

The second largest city in Greece has a rich Byzantine and Ottoman past. The White Tower, on the seaside promenade, was once an Ottoman prison where public executions were held. But today it represents freedom and is the symbol of the city. Other must-see sights include the Roman Agora (Forum), Arch of Galerius and Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki.

Athens

The birthplace of democracy, Athens remains an important cultural hub. Crowned with four ancient Greek temples, the Acropolis is arguably the most important attraction. After that, stroll down to the Ancient Agora, once Athens' civic, political and commercial centre. The city also has a plethora of world-class museums, including the National Archaeological Museum which is packed with ancient marble statues, jewellery and ceramics. Check out the Athens travel guide for more information.

Overview

Big cities in Greece have a wonderful mix of international chains and independent shops. Special purchases include local wines, local spirits, olive oil, and objects made from olive tree wood. Ancient Greek jewel replicas also make good gifts.

Athens, being the largest city, is the centre for local handicrafts as well as luxury goods. The Monastiraki Flea Market takes place on Sunday when shops are shut and locals put their stuff up for sale. Look for Pandrossou Street (between Mitropoleos and Monastiraki), this is the place to find ancient Greek-style sandals. Nearly, Ermou Street is the main shopping street in Athens.

Opening Hours

These vary according to the season, location and type of shop, but a rough guide is Mon, Wed, and Sat 0900-1430; Tues, Thurs and Fri 0900-1430 and 1730-2030. Most holiday resort shops stay open until late in the evening. In Athens, several big shopping malls in the suburbs open Mon-Fri 1000-2100, Sat 0900-2000.

Overview

Traditional tavernas in Greece serve anything from mezedopoleia (similar to Spanish tapas) with ouzo (aniseed-flavoured Greek liquor), tsipouradika (seafood dishes served with tsipouro spirit), to traditional Greek favourites in generous portions.

Greek food tends to use local seasonal produce. Cheeses, beans and 'ladera' (vegetables cooked in olive oil, garlic and tomatoes), grilled pelagic fish and fish soup are common in Athens and on the Greek islands.

In the mountainous regions like Epirus, Macedonia and Peloponnese, rich meat and tasty (savoury) pies dominate the menu.

Those with a sweet tooth should head for azaharoplasteio (cake shop), where a vast array of syrup-drenched Turkish-inspired goodies such as baklava and slices of chocolate-coated cakes like Black Forest gateaux are displayed behind glass counters. You can choose pieces individually and then have them put in a box to take away.

Restaurant hours are normally 1200-1500 for lunch and 2000-2400 for dinner. Opening hours vary according to the region and local laws – many establishments in popular holiday destinations stay open all day throughout summer. Waiter service is usual.

Regional Specialities

Tipping

12 to 15% is usual.

Drinking Age

18.

Hotels

Hotels in Greece can vary greatly both among the islands and on the mainland, from luxury and chain hotels, to chic boutique hotels with personalised service, and those aimed at the package market complete with outdoor pools and meals all-inclusive. Booking for the high season (Jul-Aug) is essential. The highest concentrations of 4-star and 5-star hotels are to be found in Athens and on the islands of Santorini, Mykonos, Rhodes and Crete. Hotels are graded using the international star system, though visitors should note that standards are not always the same from one country to the next.

Grading: There is the Hotelstars Union grading system from 1 to 5 stars. 

Camping Caravaning

There is a wide network of official campsites (www.panhellenic-camping-union.gr). Most offer facilities such as showers, toilets and a cafe, and some also have a small shop, a restaurant and sports facilities. Many of the best ones are on the islands, close to the sea. For details, contact the Greek National Tourism Organisation (see Important Addresses).

Note: Visitors are not permitted to camp anywhere other than on registered sites.

Other

History

Greece is often referred to as the birthplace of European civilisation. In Athens, evidence from the Neolithic Period (before 3000 BCE) was found on wells on the slope of the Acropolis. The city flourished and expanded rapidly under Peisistratus and his sons (approximately 560-510 BCE). After the Persian Wars, Athenians rebuilt the city and became a leading city-state in Greece.

In the year 507 BCE, Cleisthenes (the Athenian leader) introduced a political system that he called demokratia, or "rule by the people". Demo means "the people" while kratos means "power". It was the first known democracy in the world. Although this system was used for only two centuries, it paved the way for other nations to adopt respectively.

The Roman came and occupied Greece from 146 BCE to 324. During this time, several of the Roman emperors were fond of Greece and embraced the Greek influence, promoting Horace to comment Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit, meaning captive Greece took captive her savage conqueror.

The Byzantine Greece period started in 324 to 1453, followed by the Ottoman period from 1453 until the Greek Revolution of 1821. In 1832, Greece became an independent state and the European powers turned Greece into a monarchy, installing King Otto (from Bavaria), George I (from Denmark), and subsequently the heirs of George I ruled the nation. The last king was Constantine II when Greece (under military regime at that time) voted to abolished the monarchy in 1973.

In 1981, the socialist PASOK Party won the election and ushered Greece into a period of stability. Greece joined the European Union in 1981 and adopted the euro as its currency in 2001. As a member state of the EU, Greece flourished briefly, before the 2008 economic crisis hit and from late 2009, Greece has been rescued by the EU multiple times.

In 2019, there was a renewed hope that the Greek economy was recovering. But with the government owing billions to other Eurozone governments, European Central Bank and other German banks, though austerity measures are likely to stay until the debts are paid.

Did you know:
• Greece is the birthplace of the Olympics Games, first recorded in 776BC at Olympia. It also hosted the inaugural modern Summer Olympics in 1896 and again in 2004.
• The principal gods of Ancient Greek mythology were the 12 Dodekatheon who lived on Mount Olympus ruled over by Zeus.
• The Greek merchant navy has the world’s largest merchant fleet.

Religion

98% Greek Orthodox, with Muslim, Roman Catholic and Jewish minorities.

Social Conventions

Greeks are very aware of their strong historical and cultural heritage. Traditions and customs differ throughout Greece, but overall a strong sense of unity prevails. The Greek Orthodox Church has a strong traditional influence on the Greek way of life, especially in more rural areas. The throwing back of the head is a negative gesture. Dress is generally casual. Smoking is prohibited on public transport and in public buildings.

Best Time To Visit:

Greece has a warm Mediterranean climate. In summer (June to August), dry hot days are often relieved by stiff evening breezes, especially in the north, on the islands and in coastal areas. Athens can be stiflingly hot, with temperatures occasionally exceeding 40°C (104°F) in July. Winters are mild in the south but much colder in the mountainous north, where it is not uncommon to see snow and temperatures plummeting to well below zero. November to March is the rainy season, most notably on the Ionian Islands.

If you are planning a beach holiday, the sea is warm enough to swim from June through September, and hardier types will also manage in May and October. Seaside hotels are generally open from Easter through to late-October, as are water sports facilities.

Spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) are the ideal seasons for hiking and mountain biking, when the days are sunny but not unreasonably hot. Spring sees the Greek countryside dappled with wild flowers, while in autumn the trees take on russet hues.

Although few people think of Greece as a winter destination, it is in fact possible to ski and snowboard here. Two of the most popular mountain ski resorts are Arahova (near Delphi) and Kalavrita (on the Peloponnese).

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Required Clothing

Lightweight clothes (cotton is best) during summer months, including protection from the midday sun and sunglasses. Light sweaters are needed for evenings, especially on the islands. Waterproofs are advised for spring and autumn. Winter months can be quite cold, especially in the northern mainland, so normal winter wear will be required.

Dialing Code:

+30

Area(sq km):

131,957

Population:

10.442.311

Population Density(per sq km):

82

Population Year:

2020

EU Member:

Yes

Main emergency number

112