Malaysia Travel Guide

Overview

Capital:

Kuala Lumpur.

Geography:

Malaysia is situated in central South-East Asia, bordering Thailand in the north, with Singapore to the south and Indonesia to the south and west. It is composed of Peninsular Malaysia and the states of Sabah and Sarawak on the north coast of the island of Borneo, 650 to 950km (404 to 600 miles) across the South China Sea. Peninsular Malaysia is an area of forested mountain ranges running north-south, on either side of which are low-lying coastal plains. The coastline extends some 1,900km (1,200 miles).

The west coast consists of mangrove swamps and mudflats which separate into bays and inlets. In the west, the plains have been cleared and cultivated, while the unsheltered east coast consists of tranquil beaches backed by dense jungle. The major islands are Langkawi (a group of 99 islands), Penang and Pangkor off the west coast; and Tioman, Redang, Kapas, Perhentian and Rawa off the east coast. In Malaysian Borneo, Sarawak has alluvial and, in places, swampy coastal plains with rivers penetrating the jungle-covered hills and mountains of the interior. Sabah has a narrow coastal plain which gives way to mountains and jungle. Mt Kinabalu, at 4,094m (13,432ft), is the highest peak in Malaysia.

Getting There

Getting There By Air

Kuala Lumpur is a major hub for flights between Europe, Asia and Australia. Malaysia Airlines (www.malaysiaairlines.com) offers an extensive network of domestic and international flights, including direct routes between Europe and Malaysian Borneo. 

For cheap fares to Singapore and cities around South-East Asia, try budget carriers Air Asia (www.airasia.com), Jetstar (www.jetstar.com) and Firefly (www.fireflyz.com.my). Malindo Air (www.malindoair.com) offers flights within Malaysia as well as in Asia and Australia. 

Because of the varied climatic conditions around the country, there is no nationwide high season, but flights can be expensive over Christmas and New Year, and during the Malaysian school holidays in May, June and August.

Major airports are: Kuala Lumpur International Airport and Pengang International Airport.

Departure Tax

Included in the air fare.

Flight Times

From London - 12 hours 30 minutes; New York - 21 hours (including stopover).

Getting There By Road

Malaysia is one of the few places in South-East Asia where visitors are happy to drive. Roads are well maintained, routes are clearly signposted, and for the most part, local drivers follow traffic rules. Road tolls are levied on all highways but smaller roads are toll-free.

Note that unsurfaced roads are common on Borneo and in the highlands of peninsular Malaysia. These require a 4-wheel drive, and can be impassable to any vehicle during the rainy season.

Getting There By Water

Main ports: George Town (Penang) (www.penangport.com.my), Port Klang (www.pka.gov.my), Northport (www.northport.com.my) and Westport (for Kuala Lumpur) (www.westports.com.my). In East Malaysia (for Sabah and Sarawak), they are Bintulu (www.bintuluport.com.my), Kota Kinabalu (www.spsb.com.my), Kuching (www.kpa.gov.my), Lahad Datu (www.spsb.com.my), Rajang (www.rajangport.gov.my), Sandakan (www.spsb.com.my) and Tawau (www.spsb.com.my).

Limbongan Maju (tel: +60 7 827 8001; www.tanjungbelungkor.com) operates a ferry between Tanjung Belungkor and Changi Point in Singapore.

Getting Around

Getting Around By Air

The main hubs for domestic flights are Kuala Lumpur, and Kota Kinabalu in Sabah, East Malaysia. Malaysia Airlines (www.malaysiaairlines.com) serves airports across the peninsula and Borneo, and MASwings (www.maswings.com.my) also offers domestic flights to Borneo. Low-cost options include Air Asia (www.airasia.com), Malaysia Airlines subsidiary Firefly (www.fireflyz.com.my) and Malindo Air (www.malindoair.com).

Unless you travel through Indonesia, the only way to get from peninsular Malaysia to East Malaysia is by air – the flight from Kuala Lumpur to Kota Kinabalu takes 2 hours 30 minutes. Advance bookings are recommended, particularly during school and religious holidays.

Breakdown Services

The Automobile Association of Malaysia (tel: 1 300 226 226, in Malaysia only or +60 3 5511 1932; www.aam.org.my) provides a 24-hour emergency breakdown service.

Car Hire

This is available through international and domestic agencies.

Coach

There are dozens of private bus companies running services across Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. Aeroline (tel: +60 3 6258 8800; www.aeroline.com.my) runs deluxe express buses from Kuala Lumpur to Penang. Transnasional (tel: +60 3 4045 8878; www.transnasional.com.my) is another reliable operator.

Departure Tax

Included in the air fare.

Documentation

An International Driving Permit is recommended. For UK citizens, a national driving licence is valid for three months.

Getting Around By Rail

Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) (tel: +60 3 2267 1200; www.ktmb.com.my) operates train services in peninsular Malaysia. The main line runs north from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur and on to Butterworth and Pedang Basar on the Thai border. A second line separates at Gemas and runs northeast to Tumpat in Kelantan.

East Malaysia has one railway line, the North Borneo Railway, which connects Kota Kinabalu (Sabah) to the town of Papar. The only services on this line are the luxury steam trains run by the Sutera Harbour Resort (tel: +60 6088 318 88; www.suteraharbour.com) in Kota Kinabalu. There are no rail services in Sarawak.

Regulations

Speed limits are 110kph (68mph) on expressways, 80-90kph (50-56mph) on main roads and 60kph (37mph) in urban areas unless otherwise posted. Seatbelts must be worn at all times. The use of handheld mobile phones is prohibited when driving. Penalties for drinking and driving are severe.

Getting Around By Road

The road network is extensive and major roads are well maintained. However, standards deteriorate once you leave the big cities, and road rules are followed erratically in rural areas, particularly in Malaysian Borneo. For this reason, it's best not to drive at night. Note that unsurfaced roads in the highlands are often impassable during the rainy season.

The north-south expressway spans 890km (553 miles) from Bukit Kayu Hitam (on the Kedah-Thailand border) to Johor Bahru is the main highway.

Road Quality

Most roads in the peninsular states are paved and signs leading to the various destinations are well placed and clear.

Side Of Road

l

Taxi

Malaysian taxis are metered, but drivers often ask for a fixed fare, particularly during the morning and afternoon rush hour, so you may need to bargain. If things are particularly busy, drivers may refuse to travel to certain destinations at all, in which case you may have to rely on local buses and commuter trains. You can flag taxis down in the street, but a queuing system operates at many train stations and shopping centres.

In Kuala Lumpur, shared taxis run from Puduraya Bus Station to cities around the country. In rural areas, taxis supplement the bus service, picking up passengers on route; you may need to pay extra to charter the whole taxi. Taxi drivers are usually not tipped.

Urban Travel

Rapid KL (tel +60 3 7885 2585; www.myrapid.com.my) runs Kuala Lumpur's buses, light rail and monorail. Trains serving the northern, southern and western suburbs are run by KTM (tel: +60 3 2267 1200; www.ktmb.com.my), part of the national train company KTMB. KLIA Ekspres and KLIA Transit trains (tel: +60 3 2267 8000; www.kliaekspres.com) serve destinations en route to Kuala Lumpur International Airport. It's also possible to get around by Bas Mini (fixed-route minibuses), taxis and pedi-cabs (trishaws).

Larger cities, including Melaka, Penang, Kuching and Kota Kinabalu, have their own public transport systems, mainly using buses, taxis and trishaws. Many smaller towns have local ferry services along and across rivers and inlets and between islands.

Getting Around By Water

Coastal ferries sail frequently between Penang and Butterworth (www.penangport.com.my) and there is a scheduled passenger service linking Port Klang with Kuantan, Sarawak and Sabah. Ferries also run between Kuala Perlis, Kuala Kedah, Penang, Satun and Langkawi; one of the companies serving the route between Kuala Perlis and Langkawi is Langkawi-Ro-Ro-ferries (www.langkawiroro.com). Regular boat services connect Lumut to Pangkor Island and Tunjung Gemak or Mersing to Tioman Island.

In Sabah, long boats connect Labuan to Menumbak. Small rivercraft often provide the most practical means of getting about in East Malaysia, even in the towns, and they are the only way to reach the more isolated settlements (unless one has access to a helicopter). In rural Sarawak the major means of transport are air-conditioned express boats. Boats may easily be chartered and river buses and taxis are plentiful.

Travel Advice

Areas where FCDO advises against all but essential travel

Eastern Sabah coastal islands

FCDO advises against all but essential travel to all islands and dive sites off the coast of eastern Sabah from Sandakan to Tawau, including Lankayan Island, due to the threat of kidnapping. This does not apply to the mainland of Sabah.

Find out more about why FCDO advises against travel.

Before you travel

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to:

• see general advice for women travellers
• read our guide on disability and travel abroad
• see general advice for LGBT+ travellers
• read about safety for solo and independent travel
• see advice on volunteering and adventure travel abroad

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice

FCDO provides advice about risks of travel to help you make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice.

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This information is for people travelling on a full 'British citizen' passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government's understanding of Malaysia's current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in Malaysia set and enforce entry rules. If you're not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Malaysian High Commission in the UK.

Passport validity requirements

To enter Malaysia, your passport must have an 'expiry date' at least 6 months after the date you arrive. Make sure it is undamaged, with no pages missing.

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.  

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen.

Dual nationals

Malaysia does not recognise dual nationality. You can be refused entry if you're found with a Malaysian passport and one of a different nationality. If you have dual nationality (not including Malaysian), enter and exit on the same passport.

Visa requirements

You can visit Malaysia without a visa for tourism. You will normally be allowed to stay for 90 days on arrival.

If you want to stay for longer than 90 days or are not a tourist, you must apply for a visa from the nearest Malaysian diplomatic mission before you travel.

The Malaysian authorities do not tolerate illegal immigration. Do not overstay your visa or violate the terms of entry. Even if you overstay for just a few days, you can be:

• fined
• detained
• deported to the UK at your own cost
• banned  from returning to Malaysia

Detention facilities can be poor with limited healthcare. The British High Commission is unable to help you stay in Malaysia or issue any document to support your overstay.

Keep a copy of your passport and visa safe in case your passport is lost. It may take time to get a replacement visa. If you cannot show your original visa or entry stamp on exit, you may be treated as an overstayer.

Submitting an arrival card

You must submit an arrival card online to enter Malaysia. Do this before you travel – airlines may ask for it at check-in. If you are not passing through immigration, you do not need to complete an arrival card. See the Malaysian Immigration website for further information, including exemption details.

Entering East Malaysia

If you're travelling between Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia (sometimes known as Malaysian Borneo and made up of the states of Sabah and Sarawak), you must carry your passport. You will pass through immigration control and must get entry and exit stamps.

Vaccine requirements

To enter Malaysia, you must have a certificate to prove you've had a yellow fever vaccination if you're coming from a country listed as a transmission risk.

For full details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro's Malaysia guide.

Drug screening

The Malaysian authorities could ask you to take a urine test on arrival if they suspect drug use. If they find drugs in your system, they could detain or deport you and ban you from returning to Malaysia. You could face these penalties even if you took the drug outside Malaysia, including in a country where it is legal.

Customs rules

There are strict rules about goods you can take into or out of Malaysia. You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

If you are not sure if it is legal to bring items, including medications, declare them on entry.

Importing firearms

It's illegal to import unlicensed firearms and ammunition into Malaysia. This includes spent ammunition and souvenirs from war museums. Do not take any weapons or replica weapons into Malaysia. You may be detained and charged if you do. If you're convicted of dealing in illegal firearms, you can get a death sentence.

Taking money into or out of Malaysia

When you enter or exit Malaysia, you must declare cash in any currency or travellers cheques worth 10,000 US dollars or more. If you do not, customs officials could seize your money. You could get a fine of up to 3 million Malaysian ringgit and up to 5 years in prison.

Before you travel, you must get approval to take ringgit worth 10,000 US dollars or more into or out of Malaysia.  

See the Royal Malaysian Customs Department website for more information.

This guide also has safety advice for regions of Malaysia.

Terrorism

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.   

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe abroad and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.   

Terrorism in Malaysia  

Terrorist attacks in Malaysia cannot be ruled out.

Terrorism attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreign nationals, such as: 

• bars and restaurants
• hotels
• markets
• shopping malls
• tourist attractions
• places of worship
• airports

You should be especially vigilant and maintain a high level of security awareness in crowded places and at large gatherings.

Terrorist kidnap

In Malaysia, there is a threat to foreigners of kidnapping in coastal areas of eastern Sabah from terrorist groups. The threat is particularly high between the towns of Sandakan and Tawau and on islands close to the Sulu Archipelago in the southern Philippines.

The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), based in the Philippines, has previously kidnapped foreigners from the east coast of mainland Sabah, the islands and the surrounding waters. The group has murdered several hostages. Some groups operating in the southern Philippines, including factions of ASG, have pledged allegiance to Daesh and are likely to regard westerners as legitimate targets.

British nationals are seen as legitimate targets, including tourists, humanitarian aid workers, journalists and business travellers. If you are kidnapped, the reason for your presence is unlikely to protect you or secure your safe release. 

The long-standing policy of the British government is not to make substantive concessions to hostage takers. The British government considers that paying ransoms and releasing prisoners builds the capability of terrorist groups and finances their activities. This can, in turn, increase the risk of further hostage-taking. The Terrorism Act (2000) makes payments to terrorists illegal. 

Political situation

In response to the current situation in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories, there have been peaceful demonstrations in some Malaysian cities, including outside some western embassies.  

It's illegal under Malaysian law for foreign nationals to take part in demonstrations or protests.    

Monitor local and international media and avoid all demonstrations. Police can use tear gas and water cannons to control public protests.

Crime

Protecting yourself and your belongings

Bag-snatching is common, particularly in major cities. Thieves on motorbikes can target tourists. They can cut straps or pull off bags carried on the shoulder closest to the road. They have sometimes pulled people to the ground and killed or injured them if they try to hold onto their bags.

To protect yourself from petty crime, avoid carrying valuables and take particular care of your passport while:

• walking
• in cafes
• on aircraft
• in airport and railway terminals
• at hotels

Credit card and ATM fraud is widespread. Take care when using your card.

Personal security

There have been assaults and robberies, particularly around bars and nightlife areas. Do not open your hotel room door to strangers, especially late at night. This applies particularly to women travelling alone.

Drink spiking

There have been cases of strangers offering tourists a spiked drink, even in reputable bars or restaurants, and then robbing or assaulting them.

Police reports

If you're a victim of crime, inform the local police and get a police report for insurance purposes.   

Laws and cultural differences

Malaysia is a multicultural, majority Muslim country. Respect local laws, cultures, traditions and religions.

If you're a Muslim, you may be subject to local Sharia law.

Personal ID

By law you must carry ID. Always carry your passport.   

Dress code

Dress modestly, particularly in conservative and rural areas. You may be refused entry to places of worship or government offices if you do not have your shoulders and knees covered or are not wearing closed shoes. Check the signs displayed at the entrance.

Ramadan

Ramadan is a holy month for Muslims. The dates vary by year and country. In Malaysia, Ramadan will take place in March 2025.

During this time, you should:

• check opening hours of shops and restaurants
• follow local dress codes – clothing that does not meet local dress codes may cause more offence at this time
• be aware of the risks of dehydration and that fasting can cause tiredness, particularly during the later afternoon and early evening

Get more advice when you arrive from your tour guide, hotel or business contacts.

Illegal drugs penalties

There are severe penalties for all drug offences, including for amphetamine-type stimulants. If you are detained following a raid on a bar or nightclub, you could have to take a urine test to check for drug use.

Possessing drugs, even in very small quantities, carries severe penalties, including:  

• arrest and detention
• a long jail sentence if charged and convicted
• a possible whipping
• a possible death sentence by hanging for drug trafficking

LGBT+ travellers

Same-sex sexual acts are illegal in Malaysia under federal law. The Malaysian authorities sometimes carry out raids on LGBT+ spaces and events. Showing affection in public could attract negative responses from other members of the public. Openly LGBT+ safe spaces and support groups exist.

Read more advice for LGBT+ travellers.

Outdoor activities and adventure tourism

Watersports and scuba diving

If you rent jet skis or any other type of watersports equipment, make sure adequate safety precautions are in place. Only use licensed operators, insist on training before use and make sure you're covered by your insurance.

Diving school standards are not always as high as in the UK. You should:

• check a dive operator's credentials
• make sure safety equipment is available on the boat, particularly oxygen
• ask about safety precautions, including the ability to transfer divers to a hyperbaric chamber

If you have not had any previous diving experience:

• ask your dive instructor to explain what cover they offer before signing up
• check what to do if something goes wrong, including how to call for help while at sea

The diving sites of HMS Repulse and HMS Prince of Wales, which lie in international waters off Kuantan, have been declared 'protected places' under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986. Only dive there on a 'look not touch' basis. Make sure any boat operator you use holds a licence for diving at the wreck site.

See ⁠watersports safety advice from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (ROSPA). 

Transport risks

Road travel

If you are planning to drive in Malaysia, see information on driving abroad.

You'll need both the 1949 international driving permit (IDP) and your UK driving licence to drive in Malaysia. You cannot buy an IDP outside the UK, so get one before you travel. You must buy a new IDP for each additional year you plan to drive in Malaysia.

If you're in a road accident, it's illegal to leave the scene before the police arrive. If a crowd gathers, it may be safer to go directly to the nearest police station instead.

Drivers, particularly motorbike riders, do not always stop at traffic lights or pedestrian crossings.

There have been several fatal bus crashes, particularly on overnight journeys. Choose a reputable operator for your journey.

If you rent a motorbike, it's illegal not to wear a helmet.

Driving under the influence of alcohol is a serious offence, and the traffic police regularly carry out breath tests. If you are found driving over the legal limit, you may get:

• a heavy fine
• a prison sentence
• deported

Road conditions in East Malaysia are not as good as those in Peninsular Malaysia.

Using taxis

At airports you pay for your taxi with a fixed-price coupon you buy at a counter in the terminal. In other areas, taxis should use a meter.

Sea and river travel

Some passenger boats have sunk due to overloading and poor maintenance. Take care when travelling by passenger ferry or speedboat. Avoid travelling on vessels that are clearly overloaded or in poor condition. Make sure life jackets are available.

Piracy in South-East Asian waters is an ongoing problem. There have been attacks against ships in and around Malaysian waters, particularly in the Strait of Malacca and the waters between Sabah and the southern Philippines. Be vigilant and take appropriate precautions. Reduce opportunities for theft, establish secure areas on board and report all incidents to the coastal and flag state authorities.

Extreme weather and natural disasters

Find out what you can do to prepare for and respond to extreme weather and natural hazards. 

Seasonal storms affect Malaysia. The timing of these storms depends on location in the country. Flooding and landslides are common and can cause significant damage to infrastructure. Essential services can be interrupted. For information on local weather, check the Malaysian Meteorological Department.  

Earthquakes can happen in Malaysia but are rare.

This section has safety advice for regions of Malaysia. It only covers regions where FCDO has specific advice.

You should also read FCDO's overall travel advice and safety and security advice.

Eastern Sabah coast

FCDO advises against all but essential travel to all islands and dive sites off the coast of eastern Sabah from Sandakan to Tawau, including Lankayan Island, due to the threat of kidnapping. This does not apply to the mainland of Sabah.

Commercial shipping companies have been advised to adopt heightened vigilance when navigating the Sulu and Celebes seas. Most maritime incidents occur in the Sulu Sea in the area between Sabah (Malaysia) and Mindanao, the Sulu Islands and Palawan (Philippines).

The Regional Co-operation Agreement on Combatting Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP) advises all ships to re-route from the area where possible.

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Call 999 and ask for an ambulance.

Contact your insurance company quickly if you're referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks  

At least 8 weeks before your trip:

• check the latest vaccine recommendations for Malaysia
• see where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

See what health risks you'll face in Malaysia, including:

• malaria
• dengue
• rabies in the states of Perlis, Kedah, Penang and Sarawak

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of Malaysia, including Mount Kinabalu in eastern Malaysia (Malaysian Borneo). Read more about altitude sickness on TravelHealthPro.

Air pollution

High levels of air pollution in major towns and cities in Malaysia may make respiratory conditions worse.

Forest fires in Indonesia can cause haze between June and October. Haze can cause disruption to local travel, regional air travel and to schools.

Monitor the Air Pollutant Index Management System (APIMS) updates and health advisories issued by the Malaysian Department of Environment.

Medication

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

Read best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro.

Healthcare in Malaysia

Government and private hospitals charge for all services. Private care is expensive. Make sure you have adequate travel health insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment abroad and repatriation.

FCDO has a list of medical providers in Malaysia where some staff will speak English. 

There is also guidance on healthcare if you're living in Malaysia.

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also mental health guidance on TravelHealthPro.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) cannot provide tailored advice for individual trips. Read this travel advice and carry out your own research before deciding whether to travel.

Emergency services in Malaysia

Police and ambulance: 999

Fire: 994

Ambulance (from a mobile): 112

Contact your travel provider and insurer

Contact your travel provider and your insurer if you are involved in a serious incident or emergency abroad. They will tell you if they can help and what you need to do.

Refunds and changes to travel

For refunds or changes to travel, contact your travel provider. You may also be able to make a claim through insurance. However, insurers usually require you to talk to your travel provider first.

Find out more about changing or cancelling travel plans, including:

• where to get advice if you are in a dispute with a provider
• how to access previous versions of travel advice to support a claim

Support from FCDO

FCDO has guidance on staying safe and what to do if you need help or support abroad, including:

• finding English-speaking lawyers, funeral directors and translators and interpreters in Malaysia
• dealing with a death in Malaysia
• being arrested or imprisoned in Malaysia
• getting help if you're a victim of crime
• what to do if you're in hospital
• if you're affected by a crisis, such as a terrorist attack

Contacting FCDO

Help abroad  

See how to get help from the UK government abroad including in an emergency. 

Help in the UK  

You can call FCDO in London if you need urgent help because something has happened to a friend or relative abroad.  

Telephone: 020 7008 5000 (24 hours)  

Find out about call charges

Get travel advice updates  

Sign up to get email notifications when this travel advice is updated.  

Follow and contact FCDO: 

• travel advice on X

• travel advice on Facebook

Risk information for British companies

The Overseas Business Risk service offers information and advice for British companies operating in Malaysia on how to manage political, economic, and business security-related risks.

Vaccinations

Title	Special Precautions
Diphtheria	Sometimes
Hepatitis A	Yes
Yellow Fever	Sometimes***
Typhoid	Yes
Tetanus	Yes
Rabies	Yes **
Malaria	Yes*

Overview:

Health insurance is recommended. Government and private hospitals are found in all the main cities and can deal with major medical needs, but all charge for treatments. Standards are generally higher at private hospitals – the Association of Private Hospitals of Malaysia (www.hospitals-malaysia.org) has a list of member hospitals. In an emergency, dial 999.

Vaccinations Note:

* Malaria is only a risk in certain regions of Malaysia. Urban and coastal areas are usually safe.

** Vaccinations are only recommended for travellers spending extended periods in rural areas.

*** A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over one year of age arriving within six days from infected areas.

Food Drink:

Food is one of the highlights of any trip to Malaysia, but a little caution is required as standards of hygiene can vary. Restaurants are usually fine, and you should also be safe at street stalls and night markets where the food is prepared freshly on the premises. Only eat well-cooked meat and fish and avoid places where food has been left lying around in the open air. Avoid ice cream and other unpasteurised dairy products as they may have been defrosted and refrozen.

Tap water in larger cities is usually safe, but most people prefer to drink bottled water. Elsewhere, all water should be regarded as being potentially contaminated – stick to water that has been boiled or sterilised. Be wary of ice as it may have been prepared using contaminated water. Milk is unpasteurised and should be boiled – milk used in tea has normally been boiled or treated.

Other Risks:

Malaria and Hepatitis A and C are present in Malaysia and Hepatitis B is also widespread, though the risk to travellers is low. Outbreaks of dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis and meningococcal meningitis occur in both urban and rural areas, but are rare in Kuala Lumpur, Penang and coastal resorts. Rabies is present; if bitten by monkeys or dogs, seek immediate medical attention. There have been several outbreaks of avian influenza since 2004 but no human fatalities.

The Zika virus in endemic in Malaysia. The mosquito-borne illness can be spread from a pregnant woman to her unborn baby as well as through sexual contact. Travellers to Malaysia should protect themselves from mosquito bites and wear clothes (preferably light-coloured) that cover as much of the body as possible, sleeping under mosquito nets and using repellents that contain DEET (diethyltoluamide), IR 3535 ((3- [N-butyl-N-acetyl], aminopropionic acid ethyl-ester) or KBR3023 (also called Icaridin or Picaridin). Pregnant women are advised to postpone non-essential travel until after pregnancy and pregnant women whose sexual partners live in or travel to areas with Zika virus transmission should follow safe sexual practices or abstain from sex for the duration of their pregnancy. Women who are pregnant, at risk of getting pregnant, or planning pregnancy should seek further advice from their doctor before travelling to Malaysia.

Currency Information:

Ringgit (MYR; symbol RM) = 100 sen. Notes are in denominations of RM100, 50, 10, 5 and 1. Coins are in denominations of 50, 20, 10, 5 and 1 sen. The Ringgit is often referred to as the Malaysian Dollar.

Credit Cards:

Mastercard, Visa and American Express are widely accepted at large hotels and restaurants. However, Malaysia is still a cash economy, so carry cash with you.

ATMs:

ATMs are widely available and most accept major credit cards.

Travellers Cheques:

Travellers' cheque are no longer popular; avoid if you can.

Banking Hours:

Most states: Mon-Fri 0900 – 1630.

The states of Kelantan and Terengganu: Sun-Thu 0930 – 1600.

Currency Restrictions:

Local currency (Ringgit MYR): must not exceed the value equivalent of US$10,000 per person, otherwise you must obtain a written permission from the Exchange Control Department, Bank Negara Malaysia, Jalan Dato' Onn, 50480 Kuala Lumpur before your trip.

Foreign currency: technically there are no restrictions, but you must declare if the foreign currency or currencies you carry are worth more than US$10,000.

Currency Exchange:

Malaysia is a commercial hub in Southeast Asia, so you can expect the money changers to offer and accept a wide range of currencies, from US dollars to Chinese yuan.

Currencies

Code	Symbol
MYR	RM

Exchange Rates

2.79

4.66

5.55

4.48

Language

Bahasa Melayu is the national and official language, but English is widely spoken. Other languages such as Chinese (Cantonese and Hokkien), Iban and Tamil are spoken by minorities.

Overview:

Public holidays are listed here.

.

List Of Public Holidays

Title	Start Date	To Be Confirmed
New Year's Day	2024-01-01 00:00:00	0
Federal Territory Day	2024-02-01 00:00:00	0
Chinese New Year	2024-02-10 00:00:00	0
Hari Raya Puasa (End of Ramadan)	2024-04-10 00:00:00	0
Labour Day	2024-05-01 00:00:00	0
Wesak Day (Buddha's Birthday)	2024-05-23 00:00:00	0
King's Birthday	2024-06-01 00:00:00	0
Hari Raya Qurban (Feast of Sacrifice)	2024-06-16 00:00:00	0
Awal Muharram (Islamic New Year)	2024-07-08 00:00:00	0
Merdeka Day (National Day)	2024-08-31 00:00:00	0
Milad un Nabi (Birth of the Prophet Muhammad)	2024-09-16 00:00:00	0
Deepavali (Festival of Lights)	2024-11-01 00:00:00	0
Christmas Day	2024-12-25 00:00:00	0

Note:

Holidays falling on the weekend are observed the following day.

(a) Muslim festivals are timed according to local sightings of various phases of the moon and the dates given below are approximations. During the lunar month of Ramadan that precedes Hari Raya Puasa (End of Ramadan), Muslims fast during the day and feast at night and normal business patterns may be interrupted. Some disruption may continue into Hari Raya Puasa itself. Hari Raya Puasa and Hari Raya Qurban (Feast of Sacrifice) may last up to several days, depending on the region.

(b) Buddhist festivals are declared according to local astronomical observations and it is not possible to forecast the date of their occurrence exactly.

Overview:

The following goods may be imported into Malaysia without incurring customs duty:
• Max 1L of alcoholic drinks.
• Max 3 pieces of new apparels and 1 new pair of shoes.
• Food up to the value of RM 150.
• 1 new portable electronic item for personal care.
• Other goods up to the value of RM 500 for land or sea travellers and up to the value of RM 1,000 for air travellers (excluding tyres and tubes; cigarettes; tobacco products; smoking pipes including pipe bowls; electronic cigarettes and similar personal electric vaporising devices; preparation of a kind used for smoking through electronic cigarette and electric vaporising device, in forms of liquid or gel, whether or not containing nicotine).

.

Banned Imports:

Illicit drugs, counterfeit currency, indecent publications (books, films, paintings etc), anything considered prejudicial to the interest of Malaysia, piranha fish, turtle eggs, cocoa pods, daggers or flick knives, articles resembling syringes (eg pens or pencils), and poisonous chemicals. 

Also prohibited unless accompanied by an import licence are animals, fish, meat, plants, eggs in their shells, explosives and fireworks, arms and ammunition, imitation arms, soil, rice, coral and pharmaceutical products.

Telephone:

International calls can be made from public telephones or at any office of Malaysia Telekom Berhad, the national phone company (www.tm.com.my). Public phones can be found in many areas, such as supermarkets, shopping centres and post offices, and most use coins or pre-paid cards, which can be purchased at petrol stations and convenience stores

Mobile Telephone:

Roaming agreements exist with many international mobile phone companies and network coverage is good in most areas of Peninsular Malaysia, and in larger cities in East Malaysia. Signals are less reliable in the highlands and vanish entirely in rural areas of Borneo. Malaysia has GSM 900/1800 and 3G mobile networks, and pre-paid SIM cards can be purchased locally for unlocked mobile phones. If your phone is locked to a network, cheap handsets are widely available.

Internet:

Internet cafés are found everywhere and most chain coffee shops and shopping centres offer Wi-Fi connections. Larger hotels offer in-room internet access and Wi-Fi access in the lobby.

Post

There are post offices in the commercial centre of all towns.

Post Office Hours:

Mon-Sat 0800-1700.

Media:

The government strives hard to shield the Malaysian population from foreign influences that are deemed harmful, and to maintain the perception of national unity. There are strict laws on censorship, and most newspapers self-censor to avoid falling foul of the authorities. Private radio stations broadcast in Malay, Tamil, Chinese and English, but all are circumspect in their political coverage. The censorship laws extend to music and films, and many recordings from outside Malaysia are banned.

Feel a different pace of life in Kuching

The capital of Sarawak is a bustling metropolis by the standards of the tribal villages inland, but a sleepy backwater compared to the cities of Peninsular Malaysia. Highlights include temples and mosques, quirky museums, amazing crafts and cultural traditions, colonial relics and animated markets.

Walk in the canopy at the Forest Research Institute of Malaysia

Just a short train ride from central Kuala Lumpur, this scientific research centre offers peaceful walking trails, jungle swimming holes and a 200m-long (656ft) rainforest boardwalk, suspended high in the canopy. It's a fine retreat from the hubbub of the city, and the Zoo Negara and Batu Caves are close by.

Explore Malay culture and customs in Kota Bharu

Bordering Thailand on the east coast of Malaysia, Kota Bharu is alive with the culture and customs of the Malay Peninsula. The town is famous for its traditional kites and shadow puppets and eating at the Kota Bharu night market, one of Malaysia's great feasts. Festivals abound, including the Kite Festival in June and Puja Umur (the Sultan's birthday) in March/April.

Paddle up the Batang Rejang

The mighty Batang Rejang river is the gateway to Borneo's tribal heartland. Visitors who come here in May and early June can visit the longhouse homes of the Iban tribe, which shelter generations of the same family, recalling traditions that date back thousands of years. The best places to arrange a local guide are the jungle outposts of Kapit and Belaga.

Escape to the cool Cameron Highlands

To escape the heat of the lowlands, the British colonials retreated to the hills north of Kuala Lumpur founding tea plantation and hill resorts in the cool Cameron Highlands. Today, this is Malaysia's best-known hill station, with trekking and tea tasting as the main attractions.

Discover Penang's temples and beaches

The third great colonial city of Malaysia after Kuala Lumpur and Malacca, Penang is famous for its fantastic food, terrific temples and sun-kissed beaches. Historic George Town, the island's capital, is dotted with atmospheric Chinese temples, but perhaps the grandest temple is Kek Lok Si, whose Buddhist pagoda rises above the rooftops.

Feel the sense of history in Malacca

The best place to re-live Malaysia's colonial past is its oldest city, Malacca, the one-time capital of Malay sultans and Portuguese, Dutch and British seafarers. A couple of hours south of Kuala Lumpur on the west coast, the city is famous for its Portuguese and Dutch colonial architecture, and its fascinating hybrid cuisine, which fuses Indian, Chinese and Malay influences.

Stay in a Malaysian longhouse

A stay in a longhouse, the traditional tribal communal houses of Malaysian Borneo, is one of the definitive Malaysian experiences. These expansive wooden homes are really entire villages housed under one single roof, and visits and even overnight stays are possible in the company of a local guide. Longhouses are found along many of the rivers of Sarawak and Sabah.

Summit Mount Kinabulu

Climbing Southeast Asia's highest peak is one of the highlights of a trip to East Malaysia. Located in Kinabalu National Park, the soaring granite dome of Mount Kinabulu reaches 4,094m (13,432ft), and the summit offers epic views over the island. Most people start the trek before dawn to catch sunrise at the summit, but you'll need a guide and permit.

Dive Malaysia’s coral reefs

Malaysia is a world famous destination for scuba diving, with reefs and sunken islands that attract plenty of megafauna, including schooling hammerheads and rare whale sharks. There are dive sites all over the country, but the finest lie around the islands of Sipadan and Layang Layang, offshore from Sabah in East Malaysia.

Say hello to an orang-utan

Offering the rare chance to see wild orang-utans in their natural habitat, the Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre in Sandakan, Borneo, exists to rehabilitate orang-utans rescued from hunters and loggers. In fact, it has the world's largest population of these 'wild men of Borneo', numbering some 80 individuals.

Chill out on the Perhentian Islands

The twin islands of Perhentian Besar and Perhentian Kecil, together known as Pulau Perhentian, are among the country's most beautiful islands. Despite spectacular diving on teeming coral reefs, pristine white beaches, crystal clear waters, the islands are still relatively unexploited, with a laid-back, backpacker vibe.

Ease into the rainforest in Taman Negara

Malaysia is covered in pristine jungles, but Taman Negara National Park offers the chance to get deep into the rainforest without having to cut a path through the lianas. Marked trails and boardwalks snake between the trees, offering the chance to spot monkeys, snakes, deer and tapir. Expert guides can be hired from the Wildlife Department at Kuala Tahan.

Roam the rainforest

Despite expanding deforestation, large areas of Malaysia are still covered in stunning rainforests. You don't have to go far in Malaysia to find a patch of jungle; Templar Park, just 22km (14 miles) north of Kuala Lumpur, is a well-preserved tract of primary rainforest, criss-crossed by jungle paths and dotted with swimming lagoons and waterfalls.

See Malaysia’s magnificent mosques

Malaysia is studded with magnificent mosques, from the historic Jamek Masjid in Kuala Lumpur, to the grand blue expanse of the Masjid Negara. Malaysia's mosques come in all shapes and sizes; there are mosques covered in glass (Kuala Terengganu), mosques made from pink granite (Putrajaya), mosques made from timber (Malacca) and mosques floating on water (all over the country).

Stroll the sands on Langkawi Island

Malaysia's premier resort island, Langkawi boasts white sand beaches, fringing coral reefs, swaying palms and superior shopping, thanks to the island's duty free status. In fact, there are 99 islands in the archipelago, ringed by spectacular beaches. Ferries and flights come here daily from the mainland and you can continue by boat to Satun in southern Thailand.

Climb the Petronas Towers

Looming over downtown Kuala Lumpur like twin rocket ships, the iconic Petronas Towers were the world's tallest buildings from 1998 to 2004. Soaring to 436m (1,453ft), the towers are linked by a glass walkway with a viewing deck on the 41st floor. At the base of the towers is the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre and the swish Suria KLCC mall.

Join pilgrims in the Batu Caves

Just 13km (8 miles) north of Kuala Lumpur, the remarkable Batu Caves are a series of dramatic limestone caverns, dripping with stalactites, revered as a Hindu shrine. Every year in January or February, millions of devotees parade through the chambers and perform ritual acts of self-mortification for the spectacular Thaipusam festival.

Eat the streets in Kuala Lumpur

The melting pot of Malaysia comes to life on the streets of Kuala Lumpur, where whole districts are given over to Chinese, Indian and Malay food. The street food here is simply spectacular, and a reason to travel to Malaysia all by itself. At the other end of the spectrum, the city's restaurants are some of the best in Asia.

Uncover centuries of history in Kuala Lumpur

A fascinating colonial history and rich cultural diversity make Kuala Lumpur one of Asia's most invigorating capitals. The old centre is dotted with grand colonial architecture and relics of the British colonial administration, and around the city are fascinating enclaves of Indian, Chinese and Malay culture, interspersed with space-age skyscrapers and shopping malls.

Overview

Malaysia is a world-class shopping destination, with futuristic malls, unique cultural stores and bustling street markets. Bargaining is expected in the markets, but shops and department stores charge fixed prices, and offer bargain prices during the annual sales from July to September and November to January.

Kuala Lumpur is the most popular shopping destination, rivalling Singapore and Hong Kong for fashions and electronic goods. At the base of the Petronas Towers, Suria KLCC, houses a great selection of leading international brands. Sleek Starhill Gallery and Lot 10 have more glamorous brands, while Berjaya Times Square has its own amusement park, with rollercoasters looping past the stores. The Jalan Petaling street market in Chinatown is good for inexpensive souvenirs, and quality handicrafts can be found in the eye-catching Central Market.

Electronic goods, cosmetics and perfumes are available duty-free throughout Malaysia, and distinctive Malaysian souvenirs include Royal Selangor pewter, batiks, wood-carvings, jewellery, handmade kris knives and songket brocade cloth. The islands of Labuan and Langkawi are duty-free zones. Enquire at the Royal Malaysian Customs Department (www.customs.gov.my) about claiming cashback on duty-free goods.

Opening Hours

Hours vary, but larger shops, malls and department stores open 1000-2200 daily.

Overview

Malaysia is not just a melting pot it is a cooking pot, blending culinary influences from as far away as Europe, China and India. The national cuisine shares obvious similarities with Thai and Indonesian food, but Malaysian cooking has its own unique specialities, based on exotic spices, chilli, ginger, lemongrass, lime leaves, coconut milk and peanuts. Many dishes are extremely spicy, but rice is served with almost everything, and a cup of sweet tehtarik will help cool things down.

The Indian and Chinese communities have their own traditions, with lots of meaty curries and noodle soups. Be sure to sample mamak cuisine, imported to Malaysia by Tamil Muslims. Traditionally served at street stalls, mamak dishes can be sampled at nasi kendar (rice and curry) canteens across the country. Although Malaysia is predominantly Islamic, bars and restaurants in larger cities serve beer, wine and spirits.

Regional Specialities

Tipping

10% service charge and 5% government tax are usually included in bills, and added to the menu prices.

Drinking Age

The minimum drinking age will be raised from 18 to 21 on 1 December 2017.

Hotels

Hotels in Malaysia range from inexpensive roadhouses to five-star hotels with cutting edge amenities. Facilities vary from the very basic (just a box room with a bed) to the truly luxurious: flat-screen TVs, in-room business facilities, and even private spa pools. Malaysia also has a number of atmospheric heritage hotels in historic mansions and colonial villas.

There is a tourism tax on hotel stays of 10 RM per night. Guests need to pay the tourism tax themselves at the hotels. 

Kuala Lumpur has no shortage of hotel beds, but in smaller towns and at popular resorts, it is wise to book in advance, particularly during school and public holidays. Note that prices at the coastal resorts peak during the dry season – for bargain rates, travel during the monsoon months. A new official grading system was introduced in 2007, in which hotels are awarded 1-5 stars or an orchid rating for more modest establishments.

Resorts: Malaysia boasts some of the finest beach resorts in Asia, with on-site spas and pools and restaurants spilling right onto the sand. Most offer activities, including scuba-diving and other watersports. There are also plenty of moderately-priced resorts catering to local and international tourists, as well as budget resorts in the main backpacker hangouts.

Camping Caravaning

There are camping facilities in most national parks and wild camping is possible on island beaches in many parts of the country. National park campsites usually provide tents, camp beds and mosquito nets, but you can often camp with your own equipment in remote areas with permission from the park authorities.

Other

History

The tribal history of Malaysia dates back 40,000 years, but Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms spread out across the peninsula from the 3rd century BC onwards. Islam arrived with Indian and Arab traders in the 13th century and Malacca was established as the seat of the first Malay sultanate. Over the following centuries, Islamic dynasties spread their faith across the peninsula and surrounding islands.

The Dutch and Portuguese were the first colonial powers to establish trading posts in Malaysia, but the British took an increasingly dominant role from the 18th century onwards. In 1857, the port cities of Georgetown (Penang) and Malacca were joined by a new city, Kuala Lumpur, which sprouted out of the jungle-cloaked interior. Founded by Chinese tin miners, KL grew to become first a provincial capital, and later the capital of the nation.

Established in 1895, the Federated Malay States remained under British control until the Japanese invasion in WWII and occupied the region for three years. Having been re-conquered by the Allies, popular support for independence grew and the 11 states were reinvented under autonomous rulers as a British protectorate and rebranded as the Federation of Malaya. From 1948 to 1960, the country faced a violent communist uprising, known as the Emergency, which drove a wedge between the Malay and Chinese populations.

After a series of complicated negotiations, the federation merged with Singapore and the former British colonies of Sarawak and Sabah (formerly North Borneo), to form a new federal Malaysia, which came into existence on 16 September 1963. But with power concentrated amongst Muslim Malays, Chinese-dominated Singapore seceded to become an independent state in 1965, leaving Malaysia in its present form.

Since independence, Malaysia has grown into one of the powerhouse economies of Southeast Asia, despite a number of national crises, most significantly the Asian financial crisis of 1997. The political situation is still volatile, with internal power struggles between the main political parties, and unresolved tensions between Malay, Indian and Chinese citizens, but its economy is ranked third largest in the region.

Did you know?
• Malaysia has never recognised Israel and will have no diplomatic ties with it until a peace agreement with the State of Palestine is signed.
• Traditional Malay music is based around percussion instruments the most important of which is the gendang drum.
• The state of Sabah is home to the rafflesia plant, which produces the largest flower in the world.

Religion

Malaysia's official religion is Islam and 60% of the population are Muslim, but the country also has Hindu and Buddhist populations. Chinese Malaysians also follow Taoist and Confucianist traditions and tribal people in Borneo and other remote areas following traditional animist beliefs.

Social Conventions

Social conventions in Malaysia are dictated by religion and culture, with different norms amongst Muslim Malays, Indian Hindus and followers of Chinese religions. The catch-all greeting in Bahasa Melayu is selamat, but Malays are more likely to use the Arabic phrase assalamualaikum, meaning 'peace be with you'. The standard title for Malay men is Encik (pronounced Enchik), which can be used with or without the person’s name; single Malay women should be called Cik (pronounced Che) and married women Puan.

Touching the hand to the chest is a sign of respect and a relaxed wrist and gentle touch should be adopted when shaking hands. Chinese and Indians usually use Western forms of address. Hospitality is always warm, lavish and informal. When eating food by hand, only the right hand should be used. Visitors should respect religious beliefs and follow the Malaysian example, particular when it comes to appropriate attire. Footwear should be taken off at the door when entering a house or temple. Outside the workplace, dress should be informal, but not overly casual.

Best Time To Visit:

The best time for beach holidays or scuba-diving will depend on which part of Malaysia you intend to visit. The country is affected by the south-west monsoon from May to September and the north-east monsoon from November to March, and different parts of the country have their dry and wet seasons at different times of year.

On the west coast, the wettest months are May to October, while on the east coast, the wettest months are September to December. Kuala Lumpur is wettest from March to April and September to November, while Malaysian Borneo sees its heaviest rainfall between November and February. The best time to visit for dry weather is June and July on the east coast, January and February on the west coast, April in Sabah and June to July in Sarawak.

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Required Clothing

Lightweight, loose-fitting clothes are sensible at any time of year. To avoid offending local sensibilities, female travellers should wear clothes that cover the legs and upper arms. Note that shorts are rarely worn by adults, except at the beach. Full-length trousers will create a better impression. Because of the rainfall patterns and the vagaries of Malaysia weather, always carry an umbrella.

Dialing Code:

+60

Area(sq km):

329847

Population:

32.365.999

Population Density(per sq km):

93

Population Year:

2020

EU Member:

No

Main emergency number

999