Nepal Travel Guide

Overview

Capital:

Kathmandu.

Geography:

Nepal is a landlocked kingdom sharing borders with Tibet to the north and India to the west, south and east. The country can be divided into six zones: the Terai, the Chure hills, the Mahabharat range, the Pahar zone, the Himalaya and the Trans-Himalaya.

The greater part of the country lies on the southern slope of the Himalayas, extending down from the highest peaks through hill country to the upper edge of the Ganges Plain. The hilly central area is crossed by the Lower Himalayas, where there are eight of the highest peaks in the world, leading up to Mount Everest. Wildlife in Nepal includes tigers, leopards, gaur, elephants, buffalo, deer and rhinos.

Getting There

Getting There By Air

Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu is the only international airport in Nepal. Approximately 30 airlines link it with destinations throughout Europe, Asia and the Middle East including Qatar Airways (www.qatarairways.com), Turkish Airlines (www.turkishairlines.com) and Nepal Airlines (www.nepalairlines.com.np).

The peak seasons for travelling to Nepal are from September to November and March to May. Flights to Kathmandu are most expensive during these times. To keep costs down, travel on the edge of these seasons and book in advance.

There are no direct flights to Nepal from the UK, USA or Australia.

The major airport is: Kathmandu Tribhuvan International Airport.

Departure Tax

All taxes are included in ticket prices for international flights.

Flight Times

From London - 14 hours (including stopover); New York - 21 hours (including stopover).

Getting There By Road

There are seven designated entry points to Nepal by road; six in India (Kakadvitta, Birgunj, Bhairahawa, Nepalgunj, Dhangadi and Mahendranagar) and one on the China/Tibet border (Kodari).

As a general rule, border towns don’t provide much in the way of sightseeing and accommodation; get in and get moving. You can purchase visas at Kakadvitta, Birgunj, Bhairahawa, Nepalgunj, Gaddachowki, and Kodari providing you have cash and a passport-size photo.

Getting There By Water

Nepal is a landlocked country and not accessible by water.

Getting Around

Getting Around By Air

Destinations such as Lukla, Pokhara, Simikot, Jomsom, Janakpur and Bharatpur are served by domestic flights. Nepal Airlines (www.nepalairlines.com.np) operates an extensive range of scheduled services, dropping trekkers at the main hiking routes. Yeti Airlines (www.yetiairlines.com) and Buddha Air (www.buddhaair.com) are also popular carriers. Internal flights can be booked via Nepal Air Flight (www.nepalairflight.com). Morning flights tend to be affected less by inclement weather.

Note: Airfares must be paid in foreign currency by foreign nationals.

Bike

You can hire bicycles and motorcycles in larger towns and cities. You need an international driving licence to rent a motorbike, but some vendors turn a blind eye if you don’t have one. Helmets and facemasks are advised. Check the horn works too – you may need it.

Breakdown Services

There's no national breakdown service. You need to find a local mechanic.

Car Hire

There are no self-drive hire cars in Nepal. Travellers must hire a car and driver.

Coach

Tourist buses provide transport to destinations throughout the country. They tend to be better equipped, more comfortable and safer than local buses. They also make stops on long journeys for lunch and tea. You can book tickets through hotels and tour operators.

Local buses are cheaper, but tend to be packed and poorly maintained. Conductors collect tickets on board.

Departure Tax

NPR200 is charged for domestic flights prior to departure.

Documentation

An International Driving Permit is valid in Nepal for 15 days, after which a local licence is required. A temporary licence is available from local authorities on presentation of a valid national driving licence.

Getting Around By Rail

It is not currently possible to travel across Nepal by train.

Regulations

The minimum driving age is 18.

Getting Around By Road

International Driving Permits are required to drive in Nepal. Drivers should be cautious; driving standards are poor and so are the roads. Car hire is not available in Nepal, but it is possible to hire drivers. Tourist buses run frequent service throughout the country.

Road Quality

The road infrastructure in Nepal is limited. Road quality is also poor; potholes abound and landslides frequently close roads, particularly mountain roads which can be impassable during monsoon season (June to August).

Side Of Road

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Taxi

Taxis drivers are ubiquitous. Fares are cheap by Western standards, but do negotiate a price before entering the cab. Tipping is appreciated but not expected.

Urban Travel

There are frequent bus services in populous towns and cities. Private minibuses are also available.

Taxi: Metered taxis are plentiful in Kathmandu; at night, the meter reading plus 50% is standard. Private taxis are more expensive and fares should be agreed before departure.

Tempos: These metered three-wheel scooters are slightly cheaper than taxis.

Rickshaws: These operate throughout Kathmandu. Fares should be negotiated in advance.

Getting Around By Water

Ferries are used for river and lake crossings, but tend to be overcrowded.

Travel Advice

Before you travel

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to:

• see general advice for women travellers
• read our guide on disability and travel abroad
• see general advice for LGBT+ travellers
• read about safety for solo and independent travel
• see advice on volunteering and adventure travel abroad

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) provides advice about risks of travel to help you make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice.

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This information is for people travelling on a full 'British citizen' passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government's understanding of Nepal's current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in Nepal set and enforce entry rules. If you're not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Nepal Embassy in the UK.  

Passport validity requirements

To avoid problems at immigration, make sure your passport has an 'expiry date' at least 6 months after your date of entry into Nepal.

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen.

Checks at border control

At border control, you may need to show:

• a travel insurance document which has cover for healthcare costs including repatriation and other emergencies while you are in Nepal
• confirmation of where you will spend your first night, for example, a hotel booking

Visa requirements

You must have a visa to visit Nepal for up to 90 days.

Applying for a visa

You can apply online for a visa on arrival up to 15 days in advance of your arrival. Using your submission receipt, you then collect and pay for your visa at the airport. You can also apply using the forms or terminals available at the airport, then queue up to get the visa. You can pay by card, but you should have cash as a back-up, with US dollars being the preferred currency.

Alternatively you can apply for a tourist visa in advance and collect it from the Nepal Embassy in the UK or in another country. Applying in advance can reduce the time it takes to pass through immigration.

Visas are available for several lengths of stay at various costs. Look on the immigration department website for the options.    

You can extend your visa online to up to a total of 150 days in one year.

Overstaying your visa in Nepal is a serious crime and can lead to significant fines or imprisonment.

Vaccine requirements

To enter Nepal, you must have a certificate to prove you've had:

• a yellow fever vaccination if you're coming from a country listed as a transmission risk
• a polio vaccine, if you're coming from certain countries with a transmission risk

For full details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro's Nepal guide.

Customs rules

There are strict rules about goods you can take into or out of Nepal. You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

Bringing precious metals into Nepal is strictly regulated. You can carry gold ornaments up to 50 grams and silver ornaments up to 100 grams. If you bring in undeclared gold or silver, you may:

• get a fine equivalent to the value of the goods
• go to prison for between one month and 5 years depending upon the value of the goods
• have the goods confiscated
• be detained during the proceedings

Taking money into and out of Nepal

You must declare on a customs form on arrival any amount above the value of 5,000 US dollars in banknotes or 10,000 dollars in notes and travellers cheques combined. Customs will give a certified declaration, which you must keep.

You will need to convert all your Nepali currency before you leave Nepal, and the bank or exchange counter at the airport may ask you for the declaration.

ATMs are not reliable outside main tourist sites.

Terrorism

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe abroad and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.

Terrorism in Nepal

Although there's no recent history of terrorism in Nepal, attacks cannot be ruled out.

Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreign nationals. Be vigilant in public places and take local advice.

Civil disorder

Political protests, demonstrations and strikes are fairly common in Nepal. A number of groups have stated their intent to organise protests or political rallies in Kathmandu and elsewhere across the country. They can start at short notice and may lead to clashes between protesters and law enforcement. Protests cause disruption to transport and the authorities may increase the police presence. You should:

• avoid any demonstrations
• check local media for updates
• follow the direction of local authorities

Crime

There's a low rate of serious crime in Nepal, but take precautions.

Protecting yourself and your belongings

Watch out for pickpockets and bag-snatchers, particularly in airports, on buses and in areas popular with foreign nationals like Thamel, Sanepa and Kupondol in Kathmandu.

Take care when walking around at night. Assaults and robberies are more likely in the evening in poorly lit areas. Avoid walking on your own and do not carry large sums of cash. Keep valuables in a hotel safe if possible.

Sexual assault

Women have been sexually assaulted in tourist areas such as Thamel and Sanepa in Kathmandu. Be cautious, especially when alone after dark. See Advice for women travelling abroad.

Drink spiking

Be wary of accepting drinks from strangers and do not leave drinks unattended.

Scams

There have been isolated reports of some trekking guides taking inexperienced trekkers to high altitudes too quickly, and then calling in expensive helicopter medivacs from which the guides take a cut. Be wary of trekking deals that look very cheap and may be scams.

Laws and cultural differences

Personal ID

You should carry your passport with you. Leave a copy in a safe place or with friends and family in the UK.

Visiting holy places

Avoid wearing shorts and sleeveless tops in temples and other holy places. Remove shoes before entering certain holy places. Non-Hindus are not permitted inside certain parts of Hindu temples.

Illegal drugs and prison sentences

Penalties for drugs related offences are severe. If you are caught with even small amounts of marijuana, you can go to prison for over 5 years, usually after a long and expensive legal process.

Some skincare products and e-cigarette refills may contain ingredients that are illegal in Nepal such as cannabidiol (CBD). If the police find you with products containing CBD, they may seize them and charge you with drug possession.

LGBT+ travellers

Nepal is generally open and tolerant to LGBT+ issues, and same-sex relations are not illegal. However, showing affection in public, irrespective of sexuality or gender, is viewed by Nepalis as inappropriate.

Read more advice for LGBT+ travellers.

Wildlife, animal products and souvenirs

It's illegal to buy, sell, kill or capture any wild animal or trade its parts without a licence. Nepal is a signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which bans trade of wildlife products without a permit. If you are caught buying or trafficking such goods, or knowingly assisting anyone to do so, you will get a fine or a prison sentence.

Outdoor activities and adventure tourism

Trekking in Nepal

You need a valid permit and a Trekking Information Management System (TIMS) card to enter Nepal's main trekking regions. See the Nepal Tourism Board TIMS card requirement for more information.

Do not trek alone. All foreign independent trekkers (FITs) must use a local guide or porter while trekking in Nepal's national parks and protected areas. Always observe national park regulations and follow your guide's instructions.

If you ignore the requirements, you may be fined or removed from protected areas. Check the Nepal Tourism Board website for further information or updates.

Be aware of hazards all year round, especially above 3,000m. There could be:

• sudden weather changes and potential storms
• avalanches and snow drifts
• landslides, rockfalls and flooding
• glacial crevasses and hollows
• altitude sickness
• sun exposure

To reduce your risk:

• use a reputable trekking agency or guide
• take note of weather forecasts and conditions
• make sure you're physically fit and have not overestimated your abilities
• take warm clothes and wet weather gear
• use sun block (SPF20 or higher) and sunglasses

Make sure your insurance includes cover for mountain rescue services and helicopter costs.

You can get live updates on trekking conditions in Nepal. You can also follow national weather forecasts.

Internal flights in high mountain areas can be delayed by poor weather conditions and cancellations are common. Carry enough funds in case of delays, particularly in remote areas, where ATMs may not be available and credit cards not accepted.

In remote areas, including long stretches of the Annapurna Circuit trek, mobile phone coverage is limited. Consider renting a satellite phone and make sure your friends and family know you will be out of contact.

Volunteering and adventure travel

Research any organisation or company you're planning to use before committing yourself. See Volunteering and adventure travel.

Nepal's Social Welfare Council has a list of registered volunteer organisations. You can ask for a copy by sending an email to: info@swc.org.np.

The British Embassy has received reports of volunteer opportunities at orphanages which are profit-orientated organisations rather than charities. If you're volunteering at this type of organisation, you could be contributing to child exploitation. Contact the Nepali Central Child Welfare Board on +977 1-5010045 and 5010046 to check before signing up to volunteer for one of these organisations.

Transport risks

Road travel

If you're planning to drive in Nepal, see information on driving abroad and read the International Drivers Association Nepal driving guide.

You need a 1968 international driving permit (IDP) and your UK driving licence to drive in Nepal. The 1949 IDP is not accepted any more. You cannot buy an IDP outside the UK, so get one before you travel.

Always carry your IDP when driving, as well as your vehicle registration documents.

Road accidents are a major cause of death and disability in Nepal. The causes include:

• overloading vehicles
• negligence of drivers
• mechanical failure
• speeding
• poor road conditions
• an increasing number of unregulated private vehicles

Road conditions are poor, especially during the monsoon season or in mountain areas.  

By law only the driver of a vehicle is required to wear a seatbelt, or a helmet when driving a motorbike. You can still use seatbelts for passengers, which are fitted in some taxis. Motorbike rentals will always provide helmets for passengers if requested.

Bus travel

Bus accidents are common in Nepal and there are a number of accidents resulting in fatalities every year. Buses are often overcrowded, poorly regulated and poorly maintained. Speeding, low driving standards and poor road conditions contribute to the risk of accidents. Do not travel on overloaded or overcrowded buses, or at night. Tourist buses usually offer a higher standard of comfort and safety.

Air travel

Engineering and improvement works will take place at Nepal's main international airport in Kathmandu from November until March 2025. This may impact airport operations and cause disruption or delays to flights (domestic and international). Check with your tour operator or airline before travelling.

Air crashes can have a variety of causes and are not necessarily linked with poor safety standards or non-compliance with international safety standards. However, there have been a number of fatal accidents and air crashes across Nepal in the commercial air transport sector, involving planes and helicopters. Over the last 5 years, this includes a number of separate incidents and at least 100 deaths.

The UK Air Safety List (ASL) lists all known airlines in Nepal that do not meet international safety standards and are banned from operating commercial air services to or from the UK. Check the UK Air Safety List when considering whether to fly and which airlines to fly with. The list is maintained by the Department for Transport, based on advice from the UK Civil Aviation Authority.

Currently no Nepali airline meets the international safety standards and so all are listed on the ASL. This means they are all banned from operating commercial air services to or from the UK.

Extreme weather and natural disasters

Find out what you can do to prepare for and respond to extreme weather and natural hazards.

Monsoon

Travel during the monsoon season (June to September) can be hazardous. Flooding and landslides cut off towns and villages for days at a time. If you travel by road during monsoon season you should:

• check the road is open
• be prepared to change or cancel your plans at short notice
• make sure any vehicle you travel in is equipped with a winch and ropes in case of landslides
• take enough supplies to cover any possible delays

Recent flooding and landslides across much of the country caused disruption to domestic transport by road and air. This may take some time to resolve. Check transport plans with your tour operator and expect delays. Follow advice from local authorities.

The Nepal government Meteorological Forecasting Division provides weather updates (in English) and flood forecasts during the monsoon. You can also access the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology flood monitoring service.

Earthquakes

Earth tremors are common across Nepal. The lack of emergency equipment and poorly resourced medical facilities is likely to worsen an earthquake's impact. British Embassy assistance will be slow to reach you if you are in a remote area.

The National Society of Earthquake Technology (NSET) gives advice on what to do in an earthquake, including 'Ten tips on earthquake safety'. Check with your tour operator to find out what contingency plans they have for an earthquake.

Following a significant earthquake you should expect transport, accommodation and basic services in affected areas to be disrupted. Relief efforts are likely to be a priority for the authorities. Check with your tour company or hotel for further information on whether travel to an area is possible or appropriate.

Building safety 

Building, fire and electrical protection standards in Nepal are not always the same as in the UK. You should:

• be aware of electrocution risks, for example, exposed wiring
• check fire precautions, including access to fire exits
• check whether your accommodation has a working fire alarm

Be aware of the risks of exposure to carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide is a highly poisonous gas that is impossible to detect without an alarm. It can be produced by fires, charcoal grills or incorrectly installed gas equipment, and a lack of appropriate ventilation is dangerous. Find out more about how to stay safe and the symptoms to look out for.

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

There is no central public ambulance service. Some private providers operate in the main cities. In an emergency, call the nearest hospital. FCDO has a list of some of the hospitals in Kathmandu and Pokhara.

Contact your insurance company quickly if you're referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks

At least 8 weeks before your trip:

• check the latest vaccine recommendations for Nepal
• see where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

See what health risks you'll face in Nepal, including:

• dengue
• air pollution

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of Nepal, particularly in tourist and trekking areas. Read more about altitude sickness on TravelHealthPro.

Medication

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

Read best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro.

Healthcare in Nepal

Medical treatment is expensive at western travellers' clinics in Nepal. Healthcare is poor in most places outside the Kathmandu Valley and Pokhara. It may be difficult to get rapid helicopter evacuation if you fall ill or suffer a serious accident in a remote area of the country. Make sure you have adequate travel health insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment abroad, repatriation and evacuation by helicopter. This usually costs between £1,000 and £2,000 or more per flying hour.

FCDO has a list of medical providers in Kathmandu and Pokhara where some staff will speak English.

There is also guidance on healthcare if you're living in Nepal.

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also mental health guidance on TravelHealthPro.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) cannot provide tailored advice for individual trips. Read this travel advice and carry out your own research before deciding whether to travel.

Emergency services in Nepal

Police: 100

Tourist police (good English language skills): 1144

Fire: 101

Ambulance: 102

Nepal tourist police

Tourist police in Kathmandu : 01 5347041

Tourist police for incidents in Thamel (Kathmandu): 009 77 9851289453

Contact your travel provider and insurer

Contact your travel provider and your insurer if you are involved in a serious incident or emergency abroad. They will tell you if they can help and what you need to do.

Refunds and changes to travel

For refunds or changes to travel, contact your travel provider. You may also be able to make a claim through insurance. However, insurers usually require you to talk to your travel provider first.

Find out more about changing or cancelling travel plans, including:

• where to get advice if you are in a dispute with a provider
• how to access previous versions of travel advice to support a claim

Support from FCDO

FCDO has guidance on staying safe and what to do if you need help or support abroad, including:

• finding English-speaking lawyers, funeral directors and translators and interpreters in Nepal
• dealing with a death in Nepal
• being arrested or imprisoned in Nepal
• getting help if you're a victim of crime
• what to do if you're in hospital
• if you're affected by a crisis, such as a terrorist attack

Contacting FCDO 

Help abroad  

See how to get help from the UK government abroad including in an emergency. 

Help in the UK  

You can call FCDO in London if you need urgent help because something has happened to a friend or relative abroad.  

Telephone: 020 7008 5000 (24 hours)  

Find out about call charges

Get travel advice updates  

Sign up to get email notifications when this travel advice is updated.  

Follow and contact FCDO: 

• travel advice on X
• travel advice on Facebook

Risk information for British companies

The Overseas Business Risk service offers information and advice for British companies operating in Nepal on how to manage political, economic, and business security-related risks.

Vaccinations

Title	Special Precautions
Typhoid and Polio	Yes
Yellow Fever	No*
Tetanus	Yes
Rabies	Sometimes
Malaria	Sometimes
Hepatitis A	Yes
Diphtheria	Yes

Overview:

The most convenient hospital for visitor care is Patan Hospital in Lagankhel. Other hospitals include the Western Regional Hospital and the Manipal Hospital in Pokhara and the Mission Hospital in Tansen. Pharmacies in Kathmandu offer a wide range of Western drugs at low prices. In Kathmandu, you can get certain vaccinations free at the Infectious Diseases Clinic. Full medical insurance is essential.

Vaccinations Note:

*A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers coming from infected areas.

Food Drink:

All water should be regarded as potentially contaminated. Water used for drinking, brushing teeth or making ice should have first been boiled or sterilised. Milk is unpasteurised and should be boiled. Powdered or tinned milk is available and advised. Avoid dairy products likely to have been made from unboiled milk. Only eat well-cooked meat and fish. Vegetables should be cooked and fruit peeled.

Other Risks:

Vaccinations against Japanese B encephalitis, meningococcal meningitis, tuberculosis and hepatitis B are sometimes recommended. Altitude sickness is a hazard for trekkers – it is important to gain altitude gradually and come down to a lower altitude immediately if experiencing headaches, nausea or dizziness. Obtain further advice from the Himalayan Rescue Association. It is advisable, particularly when in rural areas, to carry a medical kit.

Currency Information:

Nepalese Rupee (NPR; symbol Rs) = 100 paisa. Notes are in denominations of Rs1,000, 500, 100, 50, 20, 10, 5, 2 and 1. Coins are in denominations of 50, 25 and 10 paisa.

Note:(a) Visitors should bear in mind that foreign visitors other than Indian nationals are required to pay their airline tickets, trekking permits and hotel bills in foreign currency. (b) Taking Nepalese currency outside the country is prohibited.

Credit Cards:

American Express is widely accepted, with MasterCard and Visa in tourist shops, hotels, restaurants and agencies. ATMs are widely available in Nepal, however, it is not possible to withdraw cash in the mountains. Those embarking on treks should take enough cash for the duration of their trek.

ATMs:

American Express is widely accepted, with MasterCard and Visa in tourist shops, hotels, restaurants and agencies. ATMs are widely available in Nepal, however, it is not possible to withdraw cash in the mountains. Those embarking on treks should take enough cash for the duration of their trek.

Travellers Cheques:

Travellers cheques are accepted at banks and major hotels. If trekking, it is important to bear in mind that cash is necessary. To avoid additional exchange rate charges, travellers are advised to take traveller's cheques in US Dollars or Pounds Sterling.

Banking Hours:

Banks in the Kathmandu valley are open Sun-Thurs 0930-1530 and Fri 0930-1330. Licensed money changers are open 12 hours per day.

Currency Restrictions:

The import of US$5,000 or more, or the equivalent amount in any other currency, must be declared on arrival. The export of local and foreign currency must be declared.

Currency Exchange:

It is illegal to exchange currency with persons other than authorised dealers in foreign exchange (banks, hotels and licensed money changers). Visitors should obtain Foreign Exchange Encashment Receipts when changing currency and keep them, as these will help in many transactions, including getting visa extensions and trekking permits.

Currencies

Code	Symbol
NPR	Rs

Exchange Rates

66.35

113.51

134.90

108.95

Language

The official language is Nepali (spoken by 49%). There are many other languages, including Maithili and Bhojpuri. English is spoken in business circles and by people involved in the travel trade.

Overview:

Public holidays are listed here.

.

List Of Public Holidays

Title	Start Date	To Be Confirmed
Martyrs' Day	2024-01-30 00:00:00	0
Rashtriya Prajatantra Divas (National Democracy Day)	2024-02-18 00:00:00	0
International Women's Day	2024-03-08 00:00:00	0
Buddha Jayanti (Buddha's Birthday)	2024-05-23 00:00:00	0
Krishna Janmashtami	2024-08-26 00:00:00	0
Constitution Day	2024-11-09 00:00:00	0

Note:

Hindu festivals are declared according to local astronomical observations and it is not possible to forecast the date of their occurrence exactly.

Overview:

The following goods may be imported into Nepal by foreign visitors without incurring customs duty:

• 200 cigarettes and 50 cigars and 250g of tobacco.
• 1L of spirits or wine or 12 cans of beer.
• Medicine not exceeding Rs10,000 in value.
• Canned food not exceeding Rs5,000 in value.
• Fresh fruit not exceeding Rs2,000 in value.

• Steel camera film 15 pieces and movie camera film12 pieces.

All baggage must be declared on arrival and departure. Certain goods including cameras, videos and electronic goods may only be imported duty-free if they are exported on departure. They may not be left in Nepal. These items are:

• One piece binocular, telescope

• Video camera, steel camera 1/1 pieces

• Tablet or laptop or Portable music system one set and CD tape recorder media to be used in such set ten pieces.

• Clothes, beds and used house hold goods

• Perambulator and tricycle one piece each

• One cycle 

• One watch

• One cellular mobile 

• 25g (for men) and 50g (for women) of gold ornaments and 100g of silver ornaments.

.

Banned Imports:

Prohibited items include narcotics, beef, hazardous ouzo dyes as specified by the Government of Nepal through publishing the notice in Nepal gazette time to time, high carbon disposing incandescent light bulbs, plastic bags less than 20 microns thick and goods prohibited/ banned by other existing laws.

Restricted items include firearms and ammunition, radio equipment and poppy seeds.

Mobile Telephone:

Roaming agreements exist with some international mobile phone companies. Coverage is sporadic and variable.

Internet:

There are Internet cafes in Kathmandu, Patan and Pokhara – many with high-speed broadband links. Internet services are also provided by hotels.

Post

Postal services are available in most centres. Make sure letters are hand-cancelled at the post office (post boxes should not be used for important communications).

Post Office Hours:

The general post office in Kathmandu (near the Dharahara Tower) is open Mon-Fri 1000-1700. Main hotels will also handle post.

Media:

English-language newspapers available in Nepal include The Himalayan Times, The Kathmandu Post, Rising Nepal and The Nepali Times. Other dailies include Kantipur and Annapurna Post. The International Herald Tribune, Newsweek and Time can all be found in Kathmandu.

Go on safari at Chitwan National Park

Nepal's oldest national park, Chitwan is home to endangered Bengal tigers, one-horned rhinos and mugger crocodiles, not to mention numerous bird species. Visitors can explore the park on elephants or in a safari vehicle. It's also possible to spend the night in watchtowers, listening to the roar of the jungle.

Go underground at Siddha Gufa

At 437m (1,434ft) deep, Siddha Gufa is the largest cave in Nepal and lays claims to some spectacular stalactites and stalagmites, not to mention a myriad of otherworldly rock formations. Located just outside the village of Bandipur, the cave can be accessed by bus from Pokhara.

Marvel at Mount Everest

The tallest mountain in the world, climbing Everest is the ultimate test of physical endurance. But if you can't make it to the summit, or even base camp, you can view this peak in all its glory from the window of a plane. Most domestic airlines offer scenic flights, which are available from Pokhara and other locations.

Party in Thamel

Once you've finished sightseeing in Kathmandu, have a well-earned beer in the lively Thamel district of the city. Packed with bars, clubs and restaurants, you won't struggle to find a glass of the local brew in these parts. As well as pints of Khukuri, you will also find local cuisine, fellow travellers and loud music.

Paraglide over Pokhara

Pokhara has been touted as one of the best places in the world to go paragliding, thanks to its unique geothermal patterns and stunning landscapes. Several companies offer flight instruction, equipment rental and transport to and from the landing sites. Is there a better way to explore the world's highest country?

Photograph Pokhara

Described as the "jewel of Himalaya," Pokhara is a lakeside city of extraordinary beauty. Set to the backdrop of the snow-capped Annapurna mountain range, travellers fall for the city's many charms while visiting temples, shopping in traditional bazaars and boating on Phewa Lake.

Pilgrimage to Buddha’s birthplace

The birthplace of Gautama Buddha, Lumbini is arguably the most important pilgrimage site in the world for practicing Buddhists. This spiritual site is not just a draw for religious devotees, though: the shimmering, golden temples and pristine grounds attract many tourists too.

Scout for souvenirs

Peruse Tibetan handicrafts and artefacts at the hugely impressive Boudhanath stupa, a centre of Tibetan exile culture, just a short ride from central Kathmandu. Alternatively, visit the lively bazaar in the bucolic hill town of Gorkha – the ancestral home of the Shah Dynasty and residence of the original Gurkha soldiers.

Raft the Marsyangdi River

Crashing through mountains are a series of rivers, which offer perfect conditions for white water rafting. From the swirling challenges of the Marsyangdi River, to the scenic Trisuli River, thrash it out on the country's exhilarating waterways, which are certain to get your heart racing and adrenaline pumping.

Spot temples in Kathmandu

Many of Kathmandu's religious monuments were destroyed during the 2015 earthquakes, including the landmark temple of Kasthamandap in Durbar Square. It's not all bad news. Incredibly the UNESCO-listed Hindu temple of Pashupatinath escaped relatively unscathed, as did Swayambhunath Stupa (also known as Monkey Temple), which offers sweeping panoramas and playful primates.

Take part in a festival

Nepal's calendar is packed with all manner of festivals. Highlights include Holi, a spring festival where paint is thrown over all and sundry; Tibetan New Year; the light festival of Tihar; and Dashain, the longest and liveliest festival on the calendar. Check our calendar to see when exact dates fall.

Try traditional yoga

Feel the stresses and strains of daily life ebb away from you at one of the many yoga retreats in Nepal. Kathmandu, Lumbini and Pokhara are teeming with centres offering yoga, meditation and various other traditional treatments, which are revered in Nepal for their healing qualities.

Relax in Namche Bazaar

Clinging to the side of the Himalayas, the hillside town of Namche Bazaar is a hub for those exploring the Everest region. Bakeries and pool houses treat those who have walked from Lukla, and Wi-Fi accessible spots can comfort those missing home. Though badly shaken by the earthquakes, it’s open for business.

Veer off the beaten path at Annapurna

The trail to Everest Base Camp is a well-trodden one, so if you don't want to jostle for space with fellow hikers try the Annapurna Circuit. It's slightly quieter and offers epic mountain vistas. While accessible without a guide, inexperienced hikers are advised to seek assistance locally.

Visit artsy Patan

The city of Patan has long-standing artistic traditions and is renowned for its beautifully crafted, artisanal goods. It is also a place of unremitting beauty where UNESCO listed landmarks meet opulent palaces and art galleries. Its most impressive landmarks include Patan Durbar Square, Krishna Mandir, the Royal Bath, Kumbheshwor Temple and the Golden Temple.

Float on Phewa Lake

After a trek up the Himalayas – or a night on the local beers – take a well-earned rest on the limpid waters of Phewa Tal in Pokhara. Whether you paddle yourself or hire someone to do it for you, make sure you visit Barahi Mandir, an island and temple in the middle of the lake.

Overview

If you like shopping you’ll love Nepal’s many and varied markets. These lively bazaars are packed with vibrant wares and hard-haggling hawkers. Popular buys include locally made garments such as pashmina scarves, sweaters, topis (lopsided caps), mittens, socks, Tibetan dresses, woven shawls and multicoloured jackets.

Other common items include the Khukri (the national knife), saranghi (a small, four-stringed viola played with a horse-hair bow), papier-mâché dance masks, Buddhist statuettes and bamboo flutes. Teas and spices are also popular.

With its burgeoning arts scene, Kathmandu and Patan are exciting places to shop for traditional and modern paintings and sculptures. More practically speaking, Thamel and Lukla are packed with outlets selling outdoorwear for those thinking of heading into the mountains.

Opening Hours

Sunday through Friday, 1000-2000 in most tourist areas.

Overview

Sandwiched between India and China, Nepal’s cuisine is heavily influenced by its neighbours – although dishes tend to be simpler and less varied.

Meals are typically spicy and meaty, although that’s not to say you can’t find good vegetarian cuisine. Indeed, the national dish is dal bhat (lentil curry), which, like most dishes, is accompanied with rice and thin pancake-like bread known as chapatti.

Nepal’s unreliable electricity supply restricts the ability to refrigerate produce, which, perversely, has a positive effect because it means most food is prepared to order.

Adventurous gastronomes should venture into the markets to sample fresh fruits including umpteen varieties of bananas, which are some of the sweetest you’ll ever taste.

At the higher end of the market, Kathmandu has developed an international culinary scene where diners can find dishes from all over the world. Chefs artistically prepare five-star menus, and food competitions have aimed to encourage budding restauranteurs.

Bakeries and cafés are scattered around tourist towns, where patrons can quaff Nepali tea (ask for it kaalo [black] or with chini [sugar]).

Regional Specialities

Tipping

Only expected in tourist hotels and restaurants; 10% is sufficient.

Drinking Age

18, although that’s not strictly enforced – you’ll never be asked for an ID at a bar.

Hotels

Kathmandu has an ever expanding selection of international hotels. During peak trekking season (spring and autumn) these get particularly busy, so it is advisable to book well in advance. Comfortable hotels and inexpensive guest houses can also be found in Pokhara, and around the Royal Chitwan National Park in the Terai.

Note: A government tax is added to bills, which varies according to the standard of the hotel.

Other

History

Nepal was established as a kingdom in 1768 by Prithvi Narayan Shah, who unified a group of neighbouring principalities in the Himalayas. An ambitious man, Shah attempted to expand into nearby Tibet, but his plan was thwarted by the Chinese during what became known as the Sino-Nepalese War (1788-1792).

Barely 20 years later and the country was fighting unsuccessfully again, this time with Britain over disputed borders with India. In losing the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816), Nepal ceded a lot of territory and political power to Britain, whose presence in Nepal destabilised the country and helped Jang Bahadur Rana to power in 1848.

Under Rana’s rule, the monarchy was stripped of power and an undemocratic dynasty of hereditary prime ministers was established. This suited the British – who were well-respected by Rana – and in 1923 they granted Nepal independence.

However, rather than being liberated, Nepal slid into obscurity under Rana, leading to growing dissatisfaction within the country and, ultimately, a coup, in which his regime was overthrown in 1951.

With Rana gone, the monarchy was restored and the Nepalese Congress Party – comprised mainly of anti-Rana rebels – was installed in government. With Nepal back on the map, visitors returned, including New Zealander, Edmund Hillary, who became the first person to scale Mount Everest in 1953.

But by 1960 Nepal was once again thrown into turmoil; realising that a monarchy and democratic government were incompatible, King Mahendra dissolved parliament.

Bowing to growing disquiet, his successor, King Birendra, held a referendum in 1979 to decide the future of Nepali politics. However, its people voted, by a small minority, to maintain the status quo, which failed to placate critics. In 1990, once again, unrest forced the king’s hand and he agreed that a new democratic constitution was necessary.

The following year Nepal held its first democratic elections in 50 years. Yet the nineties were characterised by economic failure, which laid the foundations for the Nepalese Civil War. The armed conflict – between the Maoist Communist Party of Nepal and the beleaguered government – lasted a decade and reached its nadir in 2001, when a state of emergency was declared.

In the same year, Crown Prince Dipendra, heir to the throne, went on a drunken rampage, murdering the King and several family members before committing suicide.

Eventually, in 2006, a peace deal was signed, which brought the Maoists into mainstream politics and curtailed the power of the monarchy further (a year later, the monarchy was abolished).

Nepal has been largely peaceful since and Nepal’s most recent elections in 2013 – which are disputed by Maoists – show signs of forward momentum. But, politically speaking, there’s still a mountain to climb.

Religion

Mainly Hindu (85%) and Buddhist (8%), with a small Muslim minority (4%).

Social Conventions

Be careful to respect local customs: Never step over the feet of a person - always walk round; never offer food and drink that you have tasted or bitten; never offer or accept anything with the left hand - use the right or both hands; it is rude to point at a person or statue with a finger (or even with a foot).

Often when people shake their head, it means 'yes'. Footwear should be removed when entering houses, especially kitchens and shrines. Do not stand in front of a person who is eating. Shaking hands is not a common form of greeting; instead, press the palms together in a prayer-like gesture (Namaste).

Casual-wear is suitable except for the most formal meetings or social occasions. However, bikinis, shorts, bare shoulders and backs may not be appreciated. Men only remove their shirts when bathing. Overt public displays of affection, especially near religious places, are inappropriate.

Seek permission before entering a temple, and do not take leather articles inside them.

Photography: Always ask permission first. In general, photography is allowed outside temples and at festivals, but not inside temples or at religious ceremonies; however, there is no hard and fast rule, and the only way to be sure of not giving offence is to ask first and accept the answer.

Best Time To Visit:

Monsoon season begins around the end of June and lasts until the end of September. About 80% of Nepal's annual rainfall is during that period, so the remainder of the year is pretty dry. Spring and autumn are the most pleasant seasons; winter temperatures drop to freezing, with a high level of snowfall in the mountains, while high summer can be blisteringly hot. Summer and late spring temperatures range from 28ºC (83ºF) in the hill regions to more than 40ºC (104ºF) in the Terai.

In winter, average maximum and minimum temperatures in the Terai range from a brisk 7ºC (45ºF) to a mild 23ºC (74ºF). The central valleys experience a minimum temperature often falling bellow freezing point and a chilly 12ºC (54ºF) maximum. Much colder temperatures prevail at higher elevations. The Kathmandu Valley, at an altitude of 1,310m (4,297ft), has a mild climate, ranging from 19-27ºC (67-81ºF) in summer, and 2-20ºC (36-68ºF) in winter.

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Required Clothing

Lightweight and tropical clothes with umbrella are advised for June to August. Between October and March, lightweight clothes are worn in Kathmandu, with a coat for evenings and warm clothing for the mountains. When trekking in the mountains, high quality trekking gear that can handle minus temperatures is recommended all year round.

Dialing Code:

+977

Area(sq km):

147181

Population:

29.136.808

Population Density(per sq km):

199

Population Year:

2020

EU Member:

No

Main emergency number

100