Tunisia Travel Guide

Overview

Capital:

Tunis.

Geography:

The Republic of Tunisia lies on the North African coast, 130km (80 miles) southwest of Sicily and 160km (100 miles) due south of Sardinia. Dwarfed by its neighbours, sandwiched between Algeria to the west and Libya to the east, Tunisia is just over 163,000 sq km in size. It may be small but Tunisia has a landscape which varies from the cliffs of the north coast, to the woodland of the interior, from desert to rich, arable land, and from mountains to salt pans below sea level.

The 1,148 km (713 miles) Mediterranean coastline is dotted with small islands, notably Djerba in the south and Kerkennah in the east. The coastline is backed by lush pasture, orchards, vineyards and olive groves and is the most populous area of the country.

The north of the country is increasingly mountainous with rolling pine-clad hills a large feature of the landscape. South of Gafsa and Gabès the central region's countryside becomes starker with semi-arid plains as the Sahara begins to exert its influence.

The desert region of the Sahara is one of Tunisia's most famous features. Its diverse environment of mammoth salt pans, vast sand plains and towering dunes, interspersed with lush oases forms the landscape of the south.

Getting There

Getting There By Air

Flights to Tunisia are operated by the national airline, Tunis Air (www.tunisair.com) which has regular flights from many major European cities including Amsterdam, Berlin, Frankfurt, London, Madrid, Paris, Rome, Vienna, and Zurich. Other airlines flying to Tunisia include Air France (www.airfrance.com) from Paris and Eurowings (www.eurowings.com) from Cologne.

As Tunisia's main tourism focus is on summer beach breaks, the best flight prices are generally found in the low season, between the months of November to February, when the weather is distinctly cooler. 

The major airport is: Tunis Carthage Airport.

Flight Times

From London - 3 hours; New York - 11 hours (including stopover).

Getting There By Water

Tunisia is very accessible by sea, with several regular ferry routes from European ports including Marseille (France), and Genoa, Civitavecchia, Salerno and Palermo (Italy). Tunisia has seven major ports at (from north to south) Bizerte, Tunis-La Goulette, Radès, Sousse, Sfax, Gabès, and Zarzis. All are operated by Tunisia's Office de la Marine Marchande et des Ports (www.ommp.nat.tn).

Getting Around

Getting Around By Air

The national airline TunisAir (www.tunisair.com) and their subsidiary airline TunisAir Express (www.tunisairexpress.com.tn) are the only airlines operating domestic routes within Tunisia. From their hub at Tunis-Carthage Airport they have internal flights to Djerba, Monastir, Sfax, and Tozeur.

Prices are reasonable and services are normally heavily subscribed, so it is advisable to book ahead. However, the compact size of the country (Tunisia is the smallest in North Africa) means flying from A to B is rarely essential other than to save a few hours.

Bike

You can hire bikes from many hotels and guesthouses in resort areas such as Sousse and the island of Djerba, and in the town of Tozeur where they are a great form of sightseeing. Most local hired bikes are old and not in top-notch condition.

Anyone wanting to travel long distances by bike in Tunisia is better off bringing their bicycle from home. Cycling can be a pleasant way to see more of the countryside. Cyclists should be aware that rock-throwing can be an issue in remote areas, particularly in the south, and should always stay alert due to haphazard driving.

Breakdown Services

Touring Club de Tunisie (tel: +216 71 323 114 or 182; www.touringclubtunisie.org), based in Tunis, can be of assistance in case of emergency breakdown.

Car Hire

You can find major international and local companies at all international airports and within bigger towns. Hire is relatively expensive; the charge usually includes insurance and breakdown cover. To hire a self-drive car, you must be over 21.

Coach

The national bus company is SNTRI (tel: +216 71 905 433; www.sntri.com.tn) which runs a fleet of air-conditioned modern coaches between towns and cities across the country. Booking ahead is a good idea during the peak travel season of August and September.

Departure Tax

None.

Documentation

Visitors must hold a full EU or international driving licence that has been valid for at least one year.

Getting Around By Rail

Regular trains are run by SNCFT (tel: +216 71 345 511; www.sncft.com.tn) and connect Tunis with major towns. The main route is north-south between Tunis and Gabès, via Sousse and Sfax, with a branch line to Monastir and Mahdia. Other lines out of Tunis link the capital with Bizerte and other northern spots.

There are three classes (classe confort, first class, and second class) all of which are air conditioned on most routes. Some 'Express' trains are one class only. It's a good idea to book in advance for popular routes, particularly over the summer months, though passengers can only book within 3 days of departure time and the best approach is to visit a train station and pay for the tickets in cash.

The historic Lezard Rouge (Red Lizard) train is a not-to-be-missed journey for train enthusiasts in Tunisia. The restored train carriages date from 1911 and the route, which runs three to five weekly from Metlaoui, offers passengers the spectacular views of Selja Gorge (tel: +216 76 241 469; www.lezard-rouge.com).

Regulations

Speed limits are 50kph (30mph) in built-up areas, 90kpm (55mph) on the open road and 110kph (70mph) on freeways. Seatbelts are compulsory in the front seats.

Getting Around By Road

Tunisia has an extensive road network connecting all of the main towns and cities. Even smaller villages have some form of public transport which makes getting around the country using local transport reasonably easy.

Road Classification

There are three main motorways in Tunisia. The A1 Motorway links Tunis and Sfax, the A4 heads north from Tunis up to Bizerte, and the A3 heads out from Tunis to the city of Beja inland. 

Other major roads in Tunisia are usually designated with either a 'P' (A road) or 'C' (B road) classification and link even the main population centres in the country's southern Sahara. 

Road Quality

All but the smallest roads are tar-sealed and the main motorways are generally in very good shape. Potholes can be a problem on minor roads.

Side Of Road

r

Taxi

There are two kinds of taxis in Tunisia. Private metered taxis are readily available within towns and cities and are reasonably priced. If you would like to hire the taxi for a half or full day it's usually cheaper to negotiate a price rather than work by the meter.

There are also long-distance shared taxis called louages. They leave their departure points when full and serve the whole of Tunisia. This is the quickest form of public road transport, although it can sometimes be a lengthy process waiting for the vehicle to fill. There are many louage stations and prices are similar to those of buses and trains.

Urban Travel

Tunisian cities and resorts are generally easy to get around by taxi, with the capital also offering local electric train services and a tram network. Care should be taken if driving, as pedestrians have a tendency to walk on the roads.

Getting Around By Water

Ferries operate between Sfax and the Kerkennah Islands, and between El Jorf and Djerba Island.

Travel Advice

Areas where FCDO advises against travel

Western Tunisia, including the Tunisia-Algeria border

FCDO advises against all travel to:

• the Chaambi Mountains National Park
• the designated military operations zones:
  • Mount Salloum
  • Mount Sammamma
  • Mount Mghila

This is due to cross-border terrorist activity and operations by the Tunisian security forces. 

In addition, FCDO advises against all but essential travel to:

• areas north and west of the town of Ghardimaou in Jendouba Governorate, including El Feidja National Park
• within 30km of the Tunisia-Algeria border in El Kef and Jendouba governorates, south of the town of Jendouba, including the archaeological site of Chemtou
• Kasserine Governorate, including the town of Sbeitla
• within 10km of the rest of the Tunisia-Algeria border south of Kasserine Governorate
• within 10km of Mount Mghila
• Mount Orbata

Southern Tunisia, including the Tunisia-Libya border

FCDO advises against all travel to:

• the militarised zone south of the towns of El Borma and Dhehiba
• within 20km of the rest of the Tunisia-Libya border area north of Dhehiba
• the town of Ben Guerdane and immediate surrounding area

This is due to cross-border terrorist activity and fighting in Libya.

In addition, FCDO advises against all but essential travel to within 75km of the Tunisia-Libya border, including Remada, El Borma and the town of Zarzis

Find out more about why FCDO advises against travel.

Before you travel

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide and any specific travel advice that applies to you: 

• women travellers
• disabled travellers
• LGBT+ travellers
• solo and independent travel
• volunteering and adventure travel

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice

FCDO provides advice about risks of travel to help British nationals make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice.

Get travel advice updates

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Follow and contact FCDO:   

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This information is for people travelling on a full 'British citizen' passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government's understanding of the current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in Tunisia set and enforce entry rules. If you're not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Tunisian Embassy in the UK.

Passport validity requirements

To enter Tunisia, your passport should be valid for the duration of your stay.

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen.

Dual nationals

Dual British-Tunisian nationals should enter and leave Tunisia on the same passport.

Visa requirements

You can visit Tunisia without a visa for up to 90 days. Contact the Tunisian Embassy in the UK for information on how to apply.

Border officials will stamp your passport on arrival and check the length of your stay on departure. If you overstay the 90-day period without a valid reason, you will have to pay a fine. You can pay on departure at the airport, or in advance at some police stations.

Checks at border control

On arrival in Tunisia, border officials have the right to ask for:

• your contact details
• your onward or return travel tickets
• proof of a hotel booking or other accommodation details

A small number of visitors have been denied entry to Tunisia, or been delayed, for not being able to provide sufficient evidence of accommodation.

Additional processing at airports

Border officials check passenger names against an immigration database. A small number of passengers with the same or similar names to those on the database have been delayed and questioned on arrival and departure to confirm their identity. Occasionally border officials carry out searches on these passengers. Statistically, this has disproportionately affected British nationals of South Asian descent.

This can cause distress and inconvenience. The British Embassy in Tunis cannot override decisions made by the Tunisian authorities but if you are affected, contact the British Embassy on +216 71 108 700 or contact the Tunisian Embassy in London.

Vaccine requirements

For details about health entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro's Tunisia guide.

Customs rules

There are strict rules about goods you can take into or out of Tunisia. You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

Taking money into and out of Tunisia

Tunisia has strict currency controls in place. If you are bringing in foreign currency, check the rules and make any required declarations. If border officials find undeclared amounts over the limit, they may confiscate the excess amount.

You are not allowed to take Tunisian dinars out of the country. To exchange leftover dinars at the end of your stay into pounds, you need to show the receipt from the bank where you first withdrew or bought the dinars. Receipts from cash machines are not accepted.

Drones

It is illegal to bring drones into Tunisia without authorisation. Any drones detected will be confiscated and stored until your departure.

This guide also has safety advice for regions of Tunisia.

Terrorism

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.    

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe abroad and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.

Terrorism in Tunisia

Security forces remain on a high state of alert in Tunis and other places. You may be at higher risk in and around:

• religious sites, tourist sites and festivals
• government buildings
• public transport networks and vehicles
• businesses with western interests
• areas where foreign nationals and tourists are known to gather, or any crowded area

The terrorism threat comes from both established groups and self-initiated individuals.

A formal state of emergency has been in place since a terrorist attack against a police bus took place in 2015. The security forces are visibly present in many parts of the country, including at the entry points to some towns and cities.

Despite some improvements in border security, there remains continuing instability and violence on the border with Libya. Tunisian security forces have been the primary target in terrorist-related incidents, mainly in border areas including in the Chaambi Mountains. See Regional risks.

In 2023 a number of terrorist attacks were planned and carried out by self-initiated individuals possibly influenced by terrorist organisations.

Recent significant attacks include: 

• in 2023, a National Guard officer was stabbed in the Goulette area of Tunis
• in 2023, a police officer was stabbed and killed outside the Brazilian Embassy in Tunis
• in 2023, a fatal shooting took place on the island of Djerba, at a Jewish pilgrimage site, with 3 security personnel and 2 civilians killed, and 10 injured
• in 2022, 2 security officers were injured in a knife attack near a synagogue in central Tunis
• in 2021, police shot and wounded an assailant who attacked them with a knife and axe in front of the Interior Ministry in central Tunis
• in 2020, a suicide bombing targeting a police patrol in Tunis killed one police officer and injured 4 others
• in June 2015, 38 foreign tourists were killed, including 30 British nationals, in a terrorist attack at Port El Kantaoui near Sousse
• in March 2015, 21 tourists were killed, including a British national, in a terrorist attack at the Bardo Museum in the centre of Tunis

Regional escalation

Ongoing hostilities in the region and between Israel and Lebanon could escalate quickly and pose risks for the wider region.

On 1 October, Iran launched around 200 ballistic missiles at Israel. On 26 October Israel carried out military action against Iran.

Monitor this travel advice and other media as the situation is changing fast. Follow and contact FCDO travel on X, Facebook and Instagram. You can also get email notifications when this travel advice is updated.

Read FCDO advice if you're affected by a crisis abroad.

Political situation

In response to the current situation in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories, peaceful demonstrations have occurred in some Tunisian cities, including outside some western embassies.

Demonstrations and protests are common and may start with little or no warning. They can sometimes become violent. Demonstrations and protests tend to be at weekends and on prominent national dates (which may include 14 January and 17 December). They usually take place in central areas of Tunis and other major cities, and may focus on government buildings.

Labour strikes and industrial action can cause disruption to public transport, airports, seaports and road networks. Land border crossings may have delays or temporary closures. 

The authorities may impose curfews or set up checkpoints at short notice in response to events. To reduce your personal risk:

• avoid demonstrations, protests and strikes wherever possible
• move away from areas where demonstrations are taking place
• obey curfews and other instructions given by the local authorities
• monitor events through the media and follow the advice of your hotel and tour operator

Migration from sub-Saharan Africa    

Large numbers of irregular migrants depart from Tunisia for Europe. Many migrants in Tunisia originate from sub-Saharan African countries. This has resulted in heightened social tensions, and anti-migrant protests and violence in some coastal towns, such as Sfax. Incidents could happen with little or no warning and might affect anyone perceived to be of sub-Saharan African origin.

Crime

Protecting yourself and your belongings

The majority of visits to Tunisia are unaffected by crime. The most common crime experienced is theft. Sensible measures to reduce this risk include not displaying expensive items or leaving them unattended, and not carrying unnecessary valuables when in public. Criminals are known to sometimes use confidence tricks as a distraction while carrying out thefts.

Sexual harassment and sexual assault

Reports of sexual harassment and sexual assault statistically increase in the summer months. Reports include trouble in busy public places at night and quieter public parks and beaches during the daytime.

Laws and cultural differences

Personal ID

As a foreign national, you must carry ID, such as a copy of the photo page of your passport. Security officials may ask you for ID at any time. Dual British-Tunisian nationals should carry a copy of the photo page of their passport or their national ID card.

Dress code

Beach-appropriate clothing in holiday resorts is normal, but revealing clothing may cause offence if you are visiting religious sites or remote areas. Clothing that covers shoulders and down to the knee is more appropriate.

Ramadan

Ramadan is a holy month for Muslims. The dates vary by year and country, next starting in February 2025. During this time, eating or drinking, smoking or chewing gum in public in the daytime may cause offence.

Get more advice when you arrive from your tour guide, hotel or business contacts. You should also: 

• check opening hours of shops and restaurants
• be aware that hotels and restaurants serving food or drink in fasting hours may separate you from Muslim guests, for example with screens
• follow local dress codes – clothing that does not meet local dress codes may cause more offence at this time
• be aware that fasting can cause tiredness, particularly during the later afternoon and early evening
• be patient and show tolerance

Alcohol laws

The sale of alcohol is permitted in Tunisia but is banned from sale in supermarkets on Fridays. You can still order and drink alcohol in hotels and bars. During Ramadan, sale of alcohol is banned and the consumption of alcohol is restricted to fewer restaurants and bars. These rules do not apply at holiday resorts.

Illegal drugs and prison sentences

Possession, use and trafficking of controlled drugs are all serious criminal offences. If you are found with even a small amount of drugs, you could get a prison sentence.

Using cameras in secure areas

Do not take photographs of or near government buildings or military sites.

Buying antiquities

You must get permission from the Tunisian authorities before removing antiquities from Tunisia. Not getting permission in advance can result in lengthy delays on departure. If you do not declare the item, you could get a fine and a prison sentence.

Buying property

It is illegal for foreign nationals to buy property outright in Tunisia. British nationals often do this through a Tunisian third party. If you are considering buying property, consult a local lawyer. Do not make private arrangements, which may be illegal and could result in a large financial loss.

LGBT+ travellers

Same-sex sexual activity is illegal in Tunisia. Members of the LGBT+ community have been targeted by criminals.

Read more advice for LGBT+ travellers.

Outdoor activities and adventure tourism

Swimming safety

Some beaches have a flag system. Make sure you understand the system and follow any warnings.

Always supervise children, even if they can swim or there's a lifeguard present. Take extra care and get local advice if there are no lifeguards, flags or signs.

See water safety on holiday from the Royal Life Saving Society.

Quad bikes

Quad bikes are popular in desert resorts. Take the same precautions as you would in the UK. Safety standards can vary considerably. Always wear a crash helmet.

Transport risks

Road travel

If you are planning to drive in Tunisia, see information on driving abroad.

You can drive in Tunisia for up to one year with a 1968 international driving permit (IDP) and your UK driving licence. You cannot buy an IDP outside the UK, so get one before you travel. You also need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover.

Drink-driving is a serious offence in Tunisia, and the legal limit in Tunisia is stricter than for England and Wales. If you are tested and found to be above the limit, you could get a fine and a prison sentence.

Road conditions and driving standards

Road surfaces are of a reasonable standard in Tunisia, although large potholes can appear after heavy rain. Many towns and villages have unannounced speed bumps. Be careful when approaching sand drifts on roads.

Driving at night can be hazardous outside towns, due to unlit roads, vehicles without lights and livestock on the road. Check the availability of petrol stations with local drivers before travelling long distances in remote areas.

Driving standards can be low. Vehicles entering roundabouts or junctions do not always follow the established right of way. Lane discipline can be poor. Pay particular attention when approaching traffic lights, especially at night, as other drivers may not obey the signals.

Pedestrians tend to walk on the roads and they have the right of way.

You may come across military or police security checkpoints. Approach slowly and do not cross without permission. Be prepared to present ID and driving licence if asked.

Rail travel

Rail travel is generally safe, although safety standards tend to be lower than in the UK. There is a risk of petty crime on trains.

This section has safety advice for regions of Tunisia. It only covers regions where FCDO has specific advice.

You should also read FCDO's overall travel advice and safety and security advice.

Western Tunisia, including the Tunisia-Algeria border

FCDO advises against all travel to:

• the Chaambi Mountains National Park
• the designated military operations zones:
  • Mount Salloum
  • Mount Sammamma
  • Mount Mghila

In addition, FCDO advises against all but essential travel to:

• areas north and west of the town of Ghardimaou in Jendouba Governorate, including El Feidja National Park
• within 30km of the Tunisia-Algeria border in El Kef and Jendouba governorates, south of the town of Jendouba, including the archaeological site of Chemtou
• Kasserine Governorate, including the town of Sbeitla
• within 10km of the rest of the Tunisia-Algeria border south of Kasserine Governorate
• within 10km of Mount Mghila
• Mount Orbata

There is a heightened Tunisian security presence at the border with Algeria. See Algeria travel advice.

Southern Tunisia, including the Tunisia-Libya border

FCDO advises against all travel to:

• the militarised zone south of the towns of El Borma and Dhehiba
• within 20km of the rest of the Tunisia-Libya border area north of Dhehiba
• the town of Ben Guerdane and immediate surrounding area

In addition, FCDO advises against all but essential travel to within 75km of the Tunisia-Libya border, including Remada, El Borma and the town of Zarzis.

There is a heightened Tunisian security presence at the border with Libya due to cross-border terrorist activity and fighting in Libya. Border crossings are sometimes closed temporarily without notice. Some violent incidents have occurred. See Libya travel advice.

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Call 190 and ask for an ambulance.

Contact your insurance company quickly if you're referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks 

At least 8 weeks before your trip:  

• check the latest vaccine recommendations for Tunisia
• see where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

See what health risks you'll face in Tunisia, including biting insects and ticks.

Medication

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

Read best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro.

If you're bringing prescription medicines, keep them in the original packaging and carry a note from your GP confirming the medication has been prescribed to you. If you have any specific concerns about taking certain types of medication with you to Tunisia, contact the Tunisian Embassy in the UK.

Healthcare in Tunisia

FCDO has a list of list of medical providers in Tunisia where some staff will speak some English.

There's no provision for free medical attention for foreign nationals in Tunisia. All doctors' fees, medication and treatment in private clinics must be paid for on the spot (and sometimes before treatment). These costs can be high. Make sure you have adequate travel health insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment abroad and repatriation.

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also mental health guidance on TravelHealthPro.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) cannot provide tailored advice for individual trips. Read this travel advice and carry out your own research before deciding whether to travel.

Emergency services in Tunisia

Ambulance: 190

Fire and car accidents: 198

Police (when in towns and cities): 197

National Guard (when in rural areas and small villages): 193

Contact your travel provider and insurer

Contact your travel provider and your insurer if you are involved in a serious incident or emergency abroad. They will tell you if they can help and what you need to do.

Refunds and changes to travel

For refunds or changes to travel, contact your travel provider. You may also be able to make a claim through insurance. However, insurers usually require you to talk to your travel provider first.

Find out more about changing or cancelling travel plans, including:

• where to get advice if you are in a dispute with a provider
• how to access previous versions of travel advice to support a claim

Support from FCDO

FCDO has guidance on staying safe and what to do if you need help or support abroad, including:

• finding English-speaking lawyers and funeral directors in Tunisia
• dealing with a death in Tunisia
• being arrested or imprisoned in Tunisia
• getting help if you're a victim of crime
• what to do if you're in hospital
• if you're affected by a crisis, such as a terrorist attack

Contacting FCDO 

Help abroad  

See how to get help from the UK government abroad including in an emergency. 

Help in the UK  

You can call  FCDO in London if you need urgent help because something has happened to a friend or relative abroad.  

Telephone: 020 7008 5000 (24 hours)  

Find out about call charges

Get travel advice updates  

Sign up to get email notifications when this travel advice is updated.  

Follow and contact FCDO: 

• travel advice on X

• travel advice on Facebook

Risk information for British companies

The Overseas Business Risk service offers information and advice for British companies operating in Tunisia on how to manage political, economic, and business security-related risks.

Vaccinations

Title	Special Precautions
Yellow Fever	No*
Typhoid	Sometimes
Tetanus	Yes
Rabies	Sometimes
Malaria	Sometimes
Hepatitis A	Yes
Diphtheria	Sometimes

Overview:

Taking out comprehensive travel insurance before travelling to Tunisia is essential.  If you are bringing medication into the country for a pre-existing medical condition, carry a letter from your doctor listing the names of the medications, and any syringes or needles, you are carrying with you.

Tunisia's public healthcare system often provides excellent care in larger towns, but be aware that you have to pay for treatment, usually in cash, straight away whether you have travel insurance or not. Larger towns also have private hospitals called 'polyclinics' which provide a range of procedures.

The emergency/ambulance phone number in Tunisia is 190. Ambulance arrival times can be delayed and the service is not available in more rural areas.

Vaccinations Note:

* A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over one year of age arriving from an infected area.

Food Drink:

Water is normally chlorinated in urban areas; while it is safe to drink, it may cause mild abdominal upsets. It is advisable to only drink bottled water during your stay, which is widely available everywhere. It's worth also noting that ice is rarely made from bottled water (even in resort areas) so take precautions. Milk should be boiled when unpasteurised. UHT milk is available and is advised.

Only eat well-cooked meat and fish, preferably served hot. Vegetables should be cooked and fruit peeled before eating. When choosing where to eat, look for popular places which have a high turnover of food meaning food will be fresher and will not have been sitting around for a long time. Avoid ice cream being sold on the street, which might have melted and been refrozen.

Other Risks:

Vaccinations against Hepatitis B are recommended.

Currency Information:

Tunisian Dinar (TND; the symbol DT is also used commonly within Tunisia) = 1,000 millimes. Notes are in denominations of TND 50, 30, 20, 10 and 5 millimes. Coins are in denominations of TND 1, 5, 10 dinars, as well as 5, 10, 20, 50 and 500 millimes. The 10 and 5 millimes coins are not commonly used but are still legal tender. Please note that it is a criminal offence to import or export dinar.

Credit Cards:

Credit and debit cards using the Visa network are accepted as payment in most larger tourist-orientated stores, and many midrange and luxury hotels, as well as at most car hire agencies and established travel agencies. Mastercard is also accepted but may sometimes have issues with authorization. American Express and Diners Club are only accepted in a few places in tourist areas and shouldn't be relied upon.

ATMs:

ATMs are widely available in tourist resorts and in most towns. Most ATMs are linked to the Visa network though a few, such as ATMs connected to the Bank of Tunisia, also accept Maestro. It is important to always have a small emergency cash fund at hand while travelling in Tunisia for the times when the ATM rejects your card, or simply doesn't work, which can be a quite frequent occurrence, especially once you're away from the coastal resort areas.

Travellers Cheques:

Officially travellers cheques should be able to be cashed at any bank or bureau de exchange. In reality, many banks (except larger branches in cities and tourist areas) will refuse to exchange them. You will be charged commission on every exchange. If you do want to take travellers cheques the most convenient currencies are Euros and US Dollars. Travellers cheques are only accepted in some hotels.

Banking Hours:

Banks open from 0830-1100 in summers, and from 0830-1100 and 1400-1600 in winters. During Ramadan (the Islamic holy month of fasting), banks open for shorter hours.

Currency Restrictions:

Currency Exchange:

You can exchange foreign currency at banks, bureau de exchanges, and at post offices. Exchange rates are fixed so there should not be any difference in the rate you are offered wherever you choose to exchange. Bring your passport along as it will usually be required if you want to change money. The easiest currencies to exchange are British Pounds, Euro and US Dollars.

Currencies

Code	Symbol
TND

Exchange Rates

2.42

2.87

2.32

Language

The official language is Arabic. French is the second language, English, German and Italian are spoken mainly in tourist resorts.

Overview:

Public holidays are listed here.

.

List Of Public Holidays

Title	Start Date	To Be Confirmed
New Year's Day	2024-01-01 00:00:00	0
Independence Day	2024-03-20 00:00:00	0
Youth Day	2024-03-21 00:00:00	0
Martyrs' Day	2024-04-09 00:00:00	0
Eid al-Fitr (End of Ramadan)	2024-04-10 00:00:00	0
Labour Day	2024-05-01 00:00:00	0
Eid al-Adha (Feast of Sacrifice)	2024-06-16 00:00:00	0
Hegire (Islamic New Year)	2024-07-08 00:00:00	0
Republic Day	2024-07-25 00:00:00	0
Women's Day	2024-08-13 00:00:00	0
Milad un Nabi (Birth of the Prophet Muhammad)	2024-09-15 00:00:00	0
New Era Day	2024-11-07 00:00:00	0

Note:

Muslim festivals are timed according to local sightings of various phases of the moon and the dates given below are approximations. During the lunar month of Ramadan that precedes Eid al-Fitr, Muslims fast during the day and feast at night and normal business patterns may be interrupted. Some disruption may continue into Eid al-Fitr itself. Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha may last up to several days, depending on the region.

Overview:

The following goods may be imported into Tunisia without incurring customs duty:

• 200 cigarettes or 100 cigarillos or 50 cigars or 500g of tobacco.
• 1L of alcoholic drinks over 25% volume or 2L of alcoholic drinks less than 25% volume.

Please note: Customs declarations should be made electronically.

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Banned Imports:

Prohibited items include local currency, firearms (other than authorised hunting weapons), explosives, narcotics, counterfeit goods, used clothing (other than for personal use), palm trees and branches, henna, dangerous dogs, and anything considered harmful to good morals, health, public safety or state security.

Restricted items include professional audiovisual material, some telecommunications equipment, plants and animals, hunting rifles, and weighing and measuring instruments.

Telephone:

Public phones are found widely, with some shops also offering the service. Using Skype in an internet café though, is usually the more cost-effective option.

Mobile Telephone:

Roaming agreements with international mobile phone companies exist. You can buy a local SIM card at Tunisie Telecom offices if you provide appropriate identification.

Internet:

Tunisia has a high number of internet users, so email can be easily and cheaply accessed from Internet cafés in most towns and all resorts. Many hotels now also offer Wi-Fi for guest use. Connection is usually of a good standard.

Post

Airmail to Europe takes three to five days; an express service guarantees delivery in four days or under.

Post Office Hours:

Mon-Thu 0800-1200 and 1245-1645; Fri 0800-1200 and 1345-1645.

Media:

The government has historically retained a tight hold on local broadcasting and the press, despite freedom of information being enshrined in the constitution. Although the ousting of the regime in early 2011 was hailed as a new beginning for press freedom in Tunisia, the national media is still very much controlled by the state. Journalists who challenge the government are discouraged through bureaucratic pressure and harassment and, at worst, imprisonment.

Daily newspapers are printed in Arabic or French, the most popular Arabic newspapers being As-Sabah and Al-Horria. French newspapers include Le Quotidien, Nouvelles de Tunisie, La Presse de Tunisie and Le Temps. Overseas newspapers are generally available in major centres two or three days after publication, and magazines like Time and Newsweek can also be found.

ERTT is the state-run broadcaster, owning the stations Tunisienne 1 and Tunisienne 2 (also known as Al Watanya 1 and Al Watanya 2). The country's privately-run commercial station is Hannibal TV and there are many foreign satellite channels (particularly from Egypt, Morocco, France and Italy). Tunisian Radio is state-run but there are now also several privately run stations including Radio Mosaique.

Visit a galaxy far, far away in Matmata

Due to a prominent role in the first Star Wars film, Matmata's subterranean dwellings, first dug out by the Berbers over 1,000 years ago, attract hundreds of visitors each day. The main attraction here is Hotel Sidi Driss, used as the cantina in Episode IV:A New Hope, and still home to plenty of Star Wars paraphernalia. You can even sleep here, troglodyte style, if the fancy takes you.

Have it all on Cap Bon Peninsula

There's something for everyone on the Cap Bon Peninsula. Sun and sea-seekers will love the resort amenities at Nabuel, culture vultures can explore Kelibia's fort, the old Roman quarry at Ghar el-Khabir and the Punic ruins of Kerkouane, and everyone can enjoy El Haouaria's lovely strip of beach.

Get back to nature in Lake Ichkeul

In the far north of the country, World Heritage-listed Lake Ichkeul is a haven for birdwatchers and nature lovers. The best time to visit is between the months of December and March when thousands of migratory birds – including flamingos, egrets and storks – descend on the wetlands to pass the winter.

Venture into the Sahara

It seems a shame to come to Tunisia without getting a taste of the dramatic desolate horizons that make up the country's southern half. A number of companies organise Sahara trips, which range from a couple of hours on a camel to a full-on voyage into the sands.

Discover the town of Sidi Bou Saïd

Gorgeously quaint and stunningly picturesque, Sidi Bou Saïd is a vision of white-and-blue buildings perched above the Mediterranean. Wander the cobblestone alleyways through the village, stop for syrupy Arabic coffee at a cliff-side cafe, and then unwind on the charmingly old-fashioned beach. It's an easy day-trip from Tunis.

Take it easy in Djerba

The chilled-out island of Djerba is a Mediterranean idyll with its whitewashed villages, craft markets, and postage-stamp sized beaches shaded by palm trees. It's a wonderful place to relax in, doing little more strenuous than browsing the shops, enjoying leisurely lunches of fresh seafood and lounging on the sands.

Venture under the sea around Tabarka

Tabarka is Tunisia's top spot for snorkelling and diving. The town itself is a gentle-paced seaside resort which oozes old fashioned style, and it's a lovely stop off if you want to recharge your travel batteries. Not far from shore is the magical underwater world of the Galite Islands, which are the main draw for scuba diving fans.

Golf your way around Monastir

Monastir is famed for its impressive seafront rabat, or fort, which was used in Monty Python's Life of Brian, as well as the sumptuous interior of Habib Bourguiba's mausoleum. But the seaside town now also attracts golf-tourism with championship courses Palm Links, El Kantaoui and the Flamingo Golf Course all in the vicinity.

Soak up cool vibes in the capital

Shaped over the centuries by a mixture of Ottoman, Arabic and French-colonial influences, Tunisia's capital is a wonderful muddle of old and new. In the shady medina back alleys, old men puff on shisha and play backgammon, while along the broad French-style avenues of the modern town, the cafes brim with bright young things toting laptops and chattering on their mobiles.

Steam with the locals in a hammam

One of Tunisia's essential experiences is to visit a hammam, a traditional 'Turkish' bath that's a mix between a public bath and a sauna, typically in a lavish, old-tiled setting. The practice dates back to Roman and Punic times, when natural hot springs were much sought. Today there are five-star spa experiences, while traditional hammams such as El-Kachachine endure as dilapidated architectural gems.

Find the Force in Chott El Jerid

Stretching for 5,000 sq m (53,819 sq ft) the salt pan of Chott El Jerid has a mesmerising otherworldliness which was used to great effect in the Star Wars films. In summer, the dry salt crust blisters and shimmers in the heat, while in winter sections of it flood and have to be traversed by boat. To visit the Chott El Jerid, most people stay in Tozeur.

Cruise over sand dunes

The dramatic sand dunes of the Grand Erg Oriental ripple out in waves across the horizon. This hypnotic landscape was used in the movie The English Patient and has since become one of the most famous corners of the Sahara. From the dusty desert outpost of Douz you can organise camel treks or 4x4 trips to the dunes. Dune skiing and desert dune-buggy trips are also available.

Support Sousse

Like Bardo, Sousse was subject to a terrorist attack in the summer of 2015. Before then, it was a vibrant seaside town, especially Boujaffar Beach with its long stretch of white sand and lively nightlife strip, but tourism has naturally taken a hit. But Sousse has a long resilient history dating back to the Phoenicians, under whom it was an important coastal town. It will recover.

Step back in time at Bulla Regia

The semi-subterranean Roman ruin of Bulla Regia is one of Tunisia's most impressive archaeological sites. The Romans used underground architecture here to escape the brutal heat, but the unusual design also preserved the city from eroding over time, offering a rare chance to explore complete Roman villas.

Bask in the glory of El-Jem

For many visitors the UNESCO World Heritage-listed El-Jem Colosseum is Tunisia's historical highlight. Built in the 3rd century, this mammoth structure once held crowds of up to 35,000 and today towers over the modern surrounding town. The largest amphitheatre in North Africa and modelled on Rome's own Colosseum, it's an example of just how far the mighty long Roman arm reached – to the very centre of Tunisia.

Delve into the ruins of Dougga

This UNESCO World Heritage Site is one of North Africa's best-preserved ancient ruins. Although most of the surviving monuments here are from the Roman period, Dougga's history stretches right back to the 6th century. With its dramatic hilltop position and ample monumental buildings and temples, it is one of Tunisia's most impressive tourist attractions.

Show solidarity at Bardo Museum

One of Tunisia's most important museums, Bardo was the target of a terrorist attack in March 2015. It held a reopening ceremony a week later (with beefed-up security) coinciding with a huge solidarity march through Tunis. The museum remains an essential guide to the country's multi-faceted history, with a superlative collection of mosaics and a comprehensive range of artefacts from countless ancient sites.

Wonder at sacred Kairouan

Kairouan's skyline of minarets is packed to the brim with beautiful Islamic architecture, not least the breath-taking 9th-century Great Mosque. Founded in 670, the city dates back to the beginning of Islam in the Maghreb and is seen as the religion's fourth holiest site. Aside from sacred landmarks, you'll spend hours exploring the labyrinthine medina, full of spindling alleyways backed by crumbling pastel-hued houses.

Overview

The medinas of Tunisia's larger towns, such as Tunis, Kairouan, Sousse and Sfax are great places to buy Tunisian crafts, with an amazing range, but you will have to haggle. Souvenir shops in resort areas are plentiful, but you may have to look a bit harder to find high-quality goods.

In terms of what to buy, special purchases include copper and brassware, olivewood sculptures, leather goods such as slippers and bags, clothing (kaftans, jelabas), perfume oils, pottery and ceramics, silver and enamelled jewellery and shishas (water pipes). Sidi Bou Said is famous for its decorative wooden bird cages. Nabeul is a pottery production centre with plenty of independent workshops selling tile work as well as other ceramic art.

Rugs and carpets are a good buy. Kairouan is Tunisia's carpet capital and there are plenty of carpet dealers in town with sumptuous local carpets on display. Many carpet dealers are knowledgeable experts on the carpet craft and can be of excellent help when choosing a carpet. Unfortunately though, there are also a few willing to lie and cheat, so do be aware of this when shopping for a carpet.

Tunisian carpets are, in general, boldly geometric in design and more muted in colour than their Central Asian counterparts. The two major types are woven (non-pile) and knotted (pile). Look out for traditional Berber pieces, called alloucha. The quality of all carpets is strictly controlled by the National Handicrafts Office, and a label attached to the carpet shows its quality seal and grading. The best advice is to only buy the carpet you love, and to never buy straight off the pile. If you spot a carpet you think you might like as it's thrown down, have the carpet dealer remove it from the pile so that you can look at it separately.

Opening Hours

Mon-Fri 0830-1300, though shops selling souvenirs are likely to open in the afternoon or evening. Hours are shorter during Ramadan.

Overview

Tunisian food combines Arabic, Berber, European and Middle Eastern elements. Dishes are cooked with olive oil, spiced with aniseed, coriander, cumin, caraway, cinnamon or saffron and flavoured with mint, orange blossom or rose water; many are accompanied by harissa, a spicy chilli and garlic condiment.

On the coast you'll find fresh seafood, while in the southern Sahara region menus often feature Berber specialties, most notably rustic, wholesome stews. Roast chicken and baked lamb dishes are popular throughout the country, as are dishes featuring couscous. Salads form an integral part of the diet all year-round, are simple and lightly dressed.

If you've a sweet tooth, you won't be disappointed in Tunisia. There is a dizzying array of Middle Eastern-style sweets and cakes to choose from, often containing plenty of nuts and drenched in honey or syrup. There are also delicious pastries left over from the years of French rule, so expect plenty of melt-in-the-mouth croissants and pains au chocolat.

Regional Specialities

Tipping

Not a requirement, but waiters and taxi drivers are usually tipped a few coins; waiters in tourist restaurants are accustomed to 10%.

Drinking Age

18 years.

Hotels

 

The appeal of Tunisia’s Mediterranean beaches – and the sailing, sunbathing and golfing that go along with them – means the country’s resort areas are now well stocked with high-standard international resorts. Many of the resorts in Tunisia are identical in terms of facilities and design to those found in the Spanish Costas.

Large resort-style hotels in Tunisia can usually be found in a 'Zone Touristique', which has all the major tourist hotels together in a specially constructed quarter. More characterful (but usually less luxurious) hotels in Tunisia are often to be found in the town centre. Most of the better tourist properties are located in the coastal resort areas, where several international chains have taken up presence in recent years.

Grading: Hotel accommodation in Tunisia is inspected by the government and is classified by a star system ranging from deluxe (5-star) to simple (1-star). Places that have not been inspected are designated nonclassifié (NC; non-classified).

Camping Caravaning

Tents can be pitched (or trailers parked) on beaches and in parks with permission from the property owner or the police. Some good campsites include Camping Les Jasmins (www.hotellesjasmins.com) in Nabeul, Les Beaux Rèves (http://beauxreves.koi29.com) in Tozeur, Camping Desert Club in Douz and Camping Ghilane in Ksar Ghilane.

Other

History

Like much of North Africa, Tunisia's history is one littered with conquests that completely changed the country's path. The most famous people of the ancient world to mark the area of modern-day Tunisia were the Phoenicians, who settled here in the 1st millennium BCE and went on to found their legendary capital of Carthage.

The Phoenicians' expanding regional power brought them to the attention of the Ancient Greeks, and later Rome, leading to the Punic Wars. After three wars, Rome emerged victorious and it is largely their mighty monuments that have survived in Tunisia today.

As Rome waned, the region fell first into the hands of the Byzantine Empire, but it was the Arab Conquest of the 7th century CE that changed the land forever, introducing Islam and a sophisticated culture. Further invasions in the 11th to 13th centuries by Arab tribesman, then Almoravids and Almohads transformed the region even further, bringing near-total Arabisation, new cities and sparkling mosques.

By the 16th century, the Ottoman Turks had incorporated Tunisia into their vast empire, though left little mark on the masses. They held sway until the 19th century 'Scramble for Africa' by European empire builders. The Italians were initially most prominent, until French troops invaded from the neighbouring colony in Algeria, and made Tunisia a French protectorate in 1881.

Independence from France was achieved in 1956, and Habib Bourguiba became the country’s first president. His government was responsible for many of the facets that still shape Tunisia today, from widespread public education to female emancipation.

Bourguiba was succeeded by President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali in 1987, who billed himself as a great moderniser, and announced major economic reforms. Despite this, his regime was guilty of numerous human rights offences and widening inequality, while cronyism and corruption became norms in the latter years of his dictatorship. At the same time, nearly all forms of opposition to Ben Ali's government were repressed through a powerful security apparatus.

In December 2010 rising disenchantment with the regime led to widespread public demonstrations over unemployment, poverty, and freedom of speech, which became known as the Jasmine Revolution and was the trigger for the Arab Spring that swept across the region. Ben Ali was forced to step down as president in January 2011, ushering in a new democratic era.

Did you know?
• The Berbers are believed to have arrived in modern-day Tunisia around 2000 BCE; there remains a small but significant Berber minority.
• During the French protectorate, Tunisians could become French citizens – only if they renounced their 'Muslim' status.
• Until independence, there were almost 100,000 Italians living in Tunisia.

Religion

The principal religion is Islam; there are small Roman Catholic, Protestant and Jewish minorities.

Social Conventions

Arabic in culture and tradition, Tunisia is a liberal and tolerant Muslim society with many equality laws enshrined in the Tunisian Constitution brought in by the country's first president Habib Bourguiba. Polygamy is outlawed, women are free to choose whether to wear the headscarf, and have the right to ask for divorce, work, run their own businesses, and have access to abortion and birth control.

Although cities like Tunis, Sfax and Sousse can seem extremely liberal and modern, it is important to remember that in more rural areas local life is much more traditional. Outside of resort areas visitors should dress modestly out of respect for their culture. Most Tunisian men would not be caught dead wearing shorts once off the beach and in the countryside it is practically unheard of. Likewise, once away from touristy areas, women should avoid wearing skimpy, revealing clothing. When visiting mosques and other religious buildings, both sexes should make sure their clothing covers their upper arms and knees, and women should wear a headscarf. On a separate note, Tunisians take a lot of pride in their dress and although informal clothing is now very acceptable among younger Tunisians, visitors will garner more respect if they don’t dress scruffily.

Shaking hands is the usual form of greeting. Women greeting other women and men greeting other men will often also kiss each other the cheek. It is common to place your right hand across your heart after shaking hands. This is also a polite way of showing your thanks. Occasionally, among more religious people greeting people of the opposite sex, this is used as a greeting instead of shaking hands.

Hospitality is important in Tunisia and a small gift in appreciation of hospitality or as a token of friendship is always well-received. 

Best Time To Visit:

The areas of northern Tunisia that draw the most tourists have a typical Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry summers and mild, occasionally rainy winters. Along with destinations like Egypt and Turkey, Tunisia has claimed a good slice of the Mediterranean summer holiday market, making June to August a popular time for coastal resorts.

Spring and autumn both offer their own enticements though, both in terms of an appealing climate and a lessening of tourist traffic. This is the best time to visit the desert regions of the south and central Tunisia, as in summer the temperatures can climb to stifling heights, whilst in winter the Sahara can be bitterly cold at night.

Winter is low season in Tunisia and hotel prices often drop during the months of December to February. There are still plenty of sun-filled days but temperatures drop substantially once the sun has set and you need to come prepared for rain.

If you’re visiting Tunis, December to March are the rainy season so pack an umbrella with you. May is a lovely time to visit as temperatures averaging 21C (70F). July and August are dry, but hot, averaging 28C (83F).

Sousse, located on the Gulf of Hammamet, has largely the same weather pattern as Tunis, though it is slightly cooler in comparison.

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Required Clothing

If you are travelling in summer, lightweight clothing made from natural fibres such as cotton and linen are best to cope with the heat. Unless you will be exclusively staying on a resort, pack some longer sleeved tops, and long trousers or skirts for off-the-beach wear. In winter you'll need a rain jacket and a warm pullover to put on for the evenings. It's a good idea to bring these if you're travelling in spring and autumn as well.

Dialing Code:

+216

Area(sq km):

163610

Population:

11.818.619

Population Density(per sq km):

63

Population Year:

2020

EU Member:

No

Main emergency number

190