Uganda Travel Guide

Overview

Capital:

Kampala.

Geography:

Landlocked, Uganda lies between the eastern and western sections of Africa’s Great Rift Valley. The country shares borders with South Sudan to the north, Kenya to the east, Lake Victoria to the southeast, Tanzania and Rwanda to the south and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to the west. Whilst the landscape is generally quite flat, most of the country is over 1,000m (3,280ft) in altitude.

Mountainous regions include the Rwenzori Mountains that run along the border with the DRC, the Virunga Mountains on the border with Rwanda and the DRC, and Kigezi in the southwest of the country. An extinct volcano, Mount Elgon, straddles the border with Kenya.

The capital city, Kampala, lies on the shores of Lake Victoria, the largest lake in Africa and second-largest freshwater inland body of water in the world. Jinja, located on the lake, is considered to be the start point of the River Nile, which traverses much of the country.

The varied scenery includes tropical forest, a semi-desert area in the northeast, the arid plains of the Karamoja, the lush, heavily populated Buganda, the rolling savannah of Acholi, Bunyoro, Tororo and Ankole, tea plantations and the fertile cotton area of Teso.

Getting There

Getting There By Air

Airlines serving Uganda include Egyptair (www.egyptair.com), Emirates (www.emirates.com), Ethiopian Airlines (www.ethiopianairlines.com), Kenya Airways (www.kenya-airways.com) and Turkish Airlines (www.turkishairlines.com). There are no direct flights from the UK or the USA.

Flights to Uganda are cheapest during the rainy seasons from March to May and October to November. The best wildlife viewing months are June to September and December to February, when flights are likely to be more expensive.

Departure Tax

US$40, usually included in the air fare.

Flight Times

From London - 11 hours (including stopover); New York - 19 hours 30 minutes (including stopover).

Getting There By Road

Uganda shares land borders with Tanzania, Kenya, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Rwanda and South Sudan. Several international reputable bus companies link Kampala to other major cities in the region.

If driving from Europe, drivers should check Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) updates regarding travelling through countries in the region. Yellow fever certificates are required at the border if entering Uganda from a country where yellow fever is present.

Driving in Uganda is challenging due to the poor condition of the roads in places (especially in the rainy season), the somewhat erratic driving of others on the road, and potential collisions with livestock. Before setting off, ensure your vehicle is in good working order and has a sound spare wheel (preferably two), as the country's corrugated and dirt roads are sure to take their toll. A 4-wheel drive is advisable if you intend to go off the beaten track, along with a jerry can with spare petrol, oil, water, a fire extinguisher, a wheel spanner, jack and a first-aid kit.

Getting There By Water

Following suspension of the ferry service due to a series of accidents, passenger boats no longer run between Uganda’s main ferry port on Lake Victoria, Port Bell, and Mwanza in Tanzania. However, cargo boats sometimes take passengers, so it may pay to ask around.

Getting Around

Getting Around By Air

Fly Uganda (www.flyuganda.com), Eagle Air (www.eagleair-ug.com) and Aerolink (www.aerolinkuganda.com) offer scheduled and charter internal flights.

Bike

Cycling in Uganda requires nerves of steel; many roads are dusty or under construction and motor vehicles rarely allow cyclists room. Always wear a helmet and use rear-view mirrors. Avoid cycling at night.

Breakdown Services

Most car hire companies include breakdown cover. The Automobile Association of Uganda (+256 41 4255917; aau.co.ug) can provide information and assistance.

Car Hire

International hire companies are based near Entebbe International Airport and in the centre of Kampala. A 4-wheel drive is recommended for rural areas.

Coach

Uganda’s coach and bus services connect all major towns. The Post Office’s Post Bus Service (www.traveluganda.co.ug) offers relatively comfortable buses and is more safety-aware than some other bus companies.

Most major routes are also covered by smaller white minibuses. These are faster than coaches, but drivers wait until they are full before leaving and departure times are not fixed.

Documentation

An International Driving Permit and adequate third-party insurance is required. UK driving licences are accepted. Drivers must carry their vehicle log books and must pay for a temporary road licence.

Getting Around By Rail

There are no passenger services, other than a Kampala-Namanve commuter service, which launched at the end of 2015.

Regulations

The speed limit is 50kph (31mph) in built-up areas, 80kph (50mph) outside built-up areas and 100kph (62mph) on highways. Also, drivers must give way to traffic on their right when at intersections.

Getting Around By Road

Domestic bus travel is cheap, but departures aren’t always on schedule. There are two classes of bus travel – matatu (minibus) or kigati (van) which travel fixed routes, and larger coaches or buses. Self-drive and hiring a private car with a driver are other options.

Road Quality

The roads are of variable quality and radiate from Kampala, although the network is sparse in the north. While some major roads are paved, the majority of minor and side roads are unpaved and can be bumpy and pot-holed, so drive with caution, especially in the rainy season. Note that there are still some army and police checkpoints on roads. Always keep vehicle doors locked and valuables out of sight.

Side Of Road

l

Taxi

Private taxis are identifiable by their black and white stripes. Boda-bodas (motorbike taxis) are often a cheaper option and, while fun, are not for the faint-hearted. Don’t be afraid to ask your driver to slow down if necessary, as accidents are common. Like Uber, you can hail a boda-boda using the app SafeBoda.

Getting Around By Water

A passenger ferry links Nakiwogo Dock in Entebbe to Lutoboka on Buggala in the Ssese Islands on Lake Victoria. There is also a free vehicle ferry which runs from Bukakata, 40km (25 miles) east of Masaka, to Buggala. Lake taxis also link some of the other islands. Popular with travellers, the Sseses offer plenty of opportunities for walking, birdwatching and beach activities.

You can take a variety of boat trips from Paraa to the base of Murchison Falls, and kayak and raft at Bujagali Falls near Jinja.

Travel Advice

Areas where FCDO advises against all but essential travel

Parts of western Uganda

FCDO advises against all but essential travel to:

• Queen Elizabeth National Park
• the area immediately south-west of Kasese town – from the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) at Kyabikere extending eastwards up to and including the A109 road and southwards to Queen Elizabeth National Park
• Semuliki National Park

Find out more about why FCDO advises against travel.

Before you travel

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to: 

• see general advice for women travellers
• read our guide on disability and travel abroad
• see general advice for LGBT+ travellers
• read about safety for solo and independent travel
• see advice on volunteering and adventure travel abroad

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice

FCDO provides advice about risks of travel to help you make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice.

Get travel advice updates

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Follow and contact FCDO:   

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This information is for people travelling on a full 'British citizen' passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government's understanding of Uganda's current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in Uganda set and enforce entry rules. If you're not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Ugandan High Commission in the UK.

Passport validity requirements

To enter Uganda, your passport must have an 'expiry date' at least 6 months after the date you arrive.

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen. 

Visa requirements

You must have a visa to enter Uganda. Check which visa best fits your needs.

Applying for a visa

You must apply for a Uganda visa online. You will have to attach the required  documents and certificates. In most cases, you must submit a yellow fever vaccination certificate.

The immigration authorities will email you a letter of authorisation including a barcode. Print out the letter to show on arrival. Border officials will issue your visa.

Alternatively, you can take the letter to a Ugandan embassy and they will issue the visa.  

You can also apply for an East African tourist visa online. This costs 100 US dollars and allows multiple entries into Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda over 90 days.

Airport entry restrictions

If someone is coming to meet you at Entebbe International Airport, you will have to meet them outside the terminal building. Only passengers with tickets are allowed in the building.

Vaccine requirements

To enter Uganda, you must have a certificate to prove you've had a yellow fever vaccination. You must bring the certificate you used to get your visa.

For full details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro's Uganda guide.

Customs rules

There are strict rules about goods that can be taken into and out of Uganda. You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

You should also read FCDO's overall travel advice and regional risks advice.

Terrorism   

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.    

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe abroad and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.         

 Terrorism in Uganda

Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in major cities and places frequented by foreign nationals and tourists, such as:

• hotels
• diplomatic premises
• transport hubs
• restaurants and bars
• places of worship
• shopping centres
• major gatherings such as sporting or religious events
• government buildings
• security installations such as police stations
• national parks

Stay aware of your surroundings, keep up to date with local media reports and follow the advice of local authorities. The Uganda Police Force regularly issues alerts, particularly around public holidays or religious events. 

Consider whether locations that you visit have effective security arrangements in place, like bag searches, physical security and guards. Avoid large gatherings of any kind in Uganda as these may be targets for an attack.

Previous terrorist attacks and disrupted attacks in Uganda have targeted the security forces, places where football matches were being viewed, restaurants, buses, schools, churches, national parks and government buildings.

There have been a series of terrorist attacks in areas of western Uganda near to the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), including in national parks. You should exercise particular caution in these areas and follow the advice of local authorities. 

Recent significant attacks include: 

• in December 2023, 10 people were killed in an attack on a bar and a farm in Kyabandara, and a further 3 people in an attack in Nyabitusi, in Kamwenge district near to Kibale forest
• in October 2023, 2 tourists and their driver were killed by terrorists in Queen Elizabeth National Park
• in June 2023, 42 people were killed in an attack on a school in Mpondwe, Kasese District, western Uganda, close to the border with the DRC
• in 2022, the ADF carried out an attack in the vicinity of Bweramule Parish in Ntoroko District, on the border with DRC
• in 2021, terrorists used 2 explosive devices in central Kampala killing 4 and injuring 33 people. The police disarmed 2 further explosive devices
• in 2021, terrorists used an explosive device on a coach travelling on the Kampala to Masaka road near Mpigi killing one person
• in 2021, terrorists used an explosive device to attack a restaurant in Komamboga, a suburb in the north-east of Kampala killing one person and injuring a number of others

Political situation

Political rallies, protests and violent demonstrations in Uganda:

• can happen anywhere without warning
• can cause loss of life and injury
• are more like around elections

The police have used tear gas, rubber bullets and live ammunition to disperse demonstrators. Avoid all demonstrations and rallies where possible.

There have been country-wide internet shut-downs around elections, other political events and during protests. Disruption to social media sites including X, Facebook and WhatsApp has also taken place.

Red and yellow are strongly associated with political parties in Uganda. Consider not wearing these colours around political events.  

If you get caught up in a political demonstration:

• remain calm and try to move away from the area by the safest possible route
• lock the doors and shut the windows if you're in a vehicle
• stay inside if you're in your accommodation and you think leaving is threatening or unsafe

Make sure you're familiar with the security procedures at your accommodation.

Crime

Criminals may target tourists who show signs of wealth.

Organised crime groups operate in Uganda. However, criminal kidnaps and targeted armed assaults are unlikely to be directed at tourists.

Protecting yourself and your belongings

You can reduce the risk of being followed and pickpocketed or mugged by:

• not carrying large amounts of cash
• using arranged transport to withdraw cash
• using indoor ATMs
• not wearing expensive-looking jewellery or watches
• taking care of your passport
• not walking after dark

Vehicle crime

Criminals may steal from cars and taxis stopped in traffic. Keep car doors locked and windows shut when driving in towns. Do not leave luggage or valuables in parked vehicles. Do not resist if armed criminals stop you.

Foreign nationals using motorbike taxis ('boda-bodas') have been mugged. Some of these incidents have involved violence and the use of weapons.

Food and drink spiking

Travellers have been drugged and robbed on public transport and in bars. Do not accept food and drink from strangers.

Scams

Scammers may target foreign visitors and residents. Be wary of strangers who:

• approach you or your accommodation
• contact you by phone asking for personal information or financial help

Laws and cultural differences

Personal ID

Officials may stop you and ask for ID. Always carry a copy of the photo page of your passport.

Wearing military-style clothing

It is illegal for anyone, including children, to dress in military-style clothing. This includes clothing with marks, badges or symbols and accessories associated with the Ugandan military, camouflage clothing and red berets. The offence carries a maximum sentence of life imprisonment when convicted.

Helping children on Kampala's streets

It is illegal and punishable by a fine and a possible prison sentence to offer money, food or clothing to children living on the streets in Kampala.

Smoking and e-cigarette bans

It is illegal to smoke in:

• public places
• workplaces
• transport
• outdoors if you're within 50 metres of a public building

Electronic cigarettes and shisha (water-pipe tobacco) are illegal. There are penalties including fines and prison sentences.

Illegal drug penalties

Penalties for illegal drug possession and illegal drug trafficking are severe. The maximum sentence is 20 years for possession and life imprisonment for trafficking.

Using cameras in secure areas

It is forbidden to take photos of military, official or diplomatic sites. This includes Owen Falls Dam at the source of the Nile near Jinja.

If you are taking photographs of people, ask their permission first.

LGBT+ travellers

Same-sex sexual activity is illegal and same-sex relationships are not tolerated in Uganda's conservative society.

In May 2023, Uganda brought in the Anti-Homosexuality Act 2023. This act introduces harsh prison sentences, and the death penalty in some cases, for same-sex sexual activity. There are also severe penalties for promoting LGBT+ rights.

Sexual activity with someone of the same sex carries the punishment of life imprisonment.

Offences classed as 'aggravated homosexuality' carry a sentence up to the death penalty. 'Aggravated homosexuality' is defined as sexual activity with someone of the same sex who is:

• a person aged 17 or under
• a person aged 75 or above
• a relative or someone under your care
• disabled or suffering from mental health issues
• a person who is unconscious or under the influence of medicine or other substances that impair their judgement
• under duress or misrepresentation
• threatened or intimidated

A person who has a previous conviction of homosexuality or related offences can be charged with aggravated homosexuality for subsequent offences.

Promoting or supporting homosexuality carries up to a 20-year prison sentence. This includes, but is not limited to:

• encouraging or persuading someone to perform a same-sex sexual act or anything that is an offence under the act
• publishing, printing, broadcasting by any means, information that promotes or encourages homosexuality
• providing financial or other support that encourages homosexuality or the normalisation of acts prohibited by the act

Some of the language in the law is vague and open to interpretation, and it remains unclear how this law will be implemented. The law could affect those who are exercising their freedoms of expression, peaceful assembly and association to show support for LGBT+ people and rights.

Anti-LGBT+ rhetoric by religious leaders, politicians, government officials and the local media can incite homophobia against the LGBT+ community.

LGBT+ people or those who are perceived to be LGBT+ may be at greater risk of harassment, imprisonment, blackmail and violence from people who view the law as justification for attacks.

Read more advice for LGBT+ travellers.

Wildlife, animal products and souvenirs

It's illegal to buy, sell, kill or capture any protected wild animal or trade its parts without a licence. If you're caught buying or trafficking such goods you might be prosecuted and get a prison sentence or a fine.

Transport risks

Road travel

If you are planning to drive in Uganda, see information on driving abroad.

You can drive in Uganda with a UK driving licence for up to 3 months. For a longer period, you must get a Ugandan driving licence or a 1949 international driving permit (IDP). You cannot buy an IDP outside the UK, so get one before you travel.

Travelling by road can be hazardous, particularly outside the main cities. Driving standards are poor and the accident rate is high. At night, other road users may be driving without lights and livestock roam across the roads. Accidents regularly happen on the Jinja-Kampala and the Kampala-Masaka roads.

Speeding is illegal in Uganda and the police enforce speed limit laws. You could get a fine, a prison sentence or both if caught speeding.

Avoid travelling outside of the main towns after dark, except on the roads between Kampala and Entebbe International Airport.

Make sure your vehicle is in good condition and stocked with items you might need in case of a breakdown or other incidents.

Public transport

There have been serious accidents involving Ugandan long-distance bus services. These include:

• buses between Kampala and other towns in Uganda
• international services to Nairobi, Kigali and Dar es Salaam

Criminals have robbed overnight buses after posing as passengers or blocking the road.

Avoid using:

• matatus (minibus taxis following a particular route)
• boda-bodas (motorbike taxis)

Matatus and boda-bodas are cheap, but they do not meet UK safety standards. They are generally in poor condition, badly driven and often do not have proper insurance. Accidents are common and can be fatal.

Boat travel

Ferry accidents on Lake Albert and Lake Victoria have killed large numbers of passengers in recent years. Overloading of passengers and goods is often the cause.

You should:

• use a reputable ferry company
• not get on a ferry if it appears overloaded or unseaworthy
• learn the emergency procedures on board
• note the location of life jackets and emergency exits

Extreme weather and natural disasters

Find out what you can do to prepare for and respond to extreme weather and natural hazards.

Flooding

Localised flooding and landslides are common, particularly during the rainy seasons from March to May and October to November.

Earthquakes

Uganda is in an earthquake zone. The US Federal Emergency Management Agency website has advice about what to do before, during and after an earthquake.

This section has safety advice for regions of Uganda. It only covers regions where FCDO has specific advice.

You should also read FCDO's overall travel advice and safety and security advice.

Uganda-DRC border

Western Uganda

FCDO advises against all but essential travel to:

• Queen Elizabeth National Park
• the area immediately south-west of Kasese town – from the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) at Kyabikere extending eastwards up to and including the A109 road and southwards to Queen Elizabeth National Park
• Semuliki National Park

The Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), a militant group with links to Daesh, may target tourists and foreign nationals near the border between Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). There have been several terrorist attacks in western Uganda, especially around the Bwera border crossing. See Terrorism.

Uganda and the DRC conduct joint military action against the ADF near parts of the Ugandan border, in North Kivu and Ituri provinces of eastern DRC. Ugandan troops are present on both sides of the border as part of the operations.

Border crossing points could close at short notice.

There is also a risk of banditry near the Uganda-DRC border.

FCDO advises against all travel to the DRC provinces that border Uganda. See DRC travel advice.

South-west Uganda

The provinces of DRC bordering south-west Uganda have a history of instability and violent conflict and this can flare up with little notice. FCDO advises against all travel to these DRC provinces. There is a potential for some spillover into Uganda. Take care when travelling in the area.

There are periodic clashes between DRC government forces and armed groups in the DRC close to the Ugandan border. The M23 armed group controls the Bunagana and the Kitagoma-Buszana border crossings in Kisoro district on the DRC side of the border. If you are in this area, keep your security situation under constant review.

Border crossing points have been temporarily suspended in the past following clashes, and could be closed again at short notice.

National parks near DRC and Rwanda

Use reputable, registered tour operators and contact the Ugandan Wildlife Authority (UWA) for up-to-date advice and information before you travel. Mgahinga Gorilla National Park and Bwindi Impenetrable Forest National Park are in the extreme south-west of Uganda near the borders with DRC and Rwanda. It's routine practice for security personnel to accompany tourists on gorilla-tracking visits in this area.

Some gorilla trekking operators cross into DRC. Avoid taking these tours. FCDO advises against all travel to the provinces of DRC that border Uganda, including Virunga National Park.

Uganda-South Sudan border

Be extra cautious near the Uganda-South Sudan border. FCDO advises against all travel to South Sudan. See South Sudan travel advice.

North-east Uganda

There is an increased security presence in north-east Uganda in the Karamoja sub-region (districts of Kaabong, Kotido, Abim, Moroto and Nakapiripirit) due to cattle theft. Military and civilians have been killed during security operations.

Armed raids to steal cattle and robberies related to cattle trading, some resulting in killings, have been reported in Karamoja. There have also been robberies that have resulted in multiple killings in districts that neighbour Karamoja in the Teso and Acholi sub-regions. The attackers do not usually target foreign nationals, but you should always:

• stay alert
• be cautious
• avoid travel at night

Parts of the north-east are likely to experience flooding during the rainy seasons, from March to May and October to November. Monitor local media and only use suitably equipped 4-wheel-drive vehicles.

Eastern Uganda

Travel to eastern Uganda is largely trouble-free, but during heavy rains there is a risk of landslides, particularly in Bulucheke sub-county in Bududa District near Mount Elgon National Park, a popular tourist destination.

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Dial 999 and ask for an ambulance.

Medical help at the scene of an accident is likely to be limited, particularly outside Kampala.

Contact your insurance company quickly if you're referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks

At least 8 weeks before your trip:

• check the latest recommended vaccines for Uganda
• see where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

See what health risks you'll face in Uganda, including:

• malaria
• yellow fever
• mpox

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of Uganda. Read more about altitude sickness on TravelHealthPro.

Ebola

There are occasional Ebola outbreaks in Uganda. The last one ended in 2023. See information on Ebola and similar diseases.

Some countries have heightened health screening for travellers from Uganda. Check entry requirements for the country you're travelling to or transiting.  

Public Health England has Ebola information for humanitarian or healthcare workers.

Drinking water

Only use boiled or bottled water and avoid ice in drinks. Avoid eating food prepared by unlicensed vendors or if you are concerned about kitchen hygiene. See food and water hygiene.

If you are staying in Uganda for a long time, store basic provisions such as drinking water and non-perishable foods at your accommodation, in case of supply problems.

HIV and AIDS

UNAIDS estimate that around 1,400,000 adults aged 15 or over in Uganda are living with HIV. Read more about precautions and how to avoid exposure to HIV or AIDS.

Medication

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

Read best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro.

Healthcare in Uganda

Medical facilities in Uganda are limited, especially outside Kampala. Many popular tourist attractions have poor medical facilities. If you are seriously ill or have an accident, you may need an air ambulance. Make sure you have appropriate travel insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment abroad and repatriation.

FCDO has a list of medical providers in Uganda where some staff will speak English. 

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also mental health guidance on TravelHealthPro.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) cannot provide tailored advice for individual trips. Read this travel advice and carry out your own research before deciding whether to travel.

Emergency services in Uganda

Telephone: 999 (ambulance, fire, police)

Contact your travel provider and insurer

Contact your travel provider and your insurer if you are involved in a serious incident or emergency abroad. They will tell you if they can help and what you need to do.

Refunds and changes to travel

For refunds or changes to travel, contact your travel provider. You may also be able to make a claim through insurance. However, insurers usually require you to talk to your travel provider first.

Find out more about changing or cancelling travel plans, including:

• where to get advice if you are in a dispute with a provider
• how to access previous versions of travel advice to support a claim

Support from FCDO

FCDO has guidance on staying safe and what to do if you need help or support abroad, including:

• finding lawyers and funeral directors in Uganda
• dealing with a death in Uganda
• being arrested in Uganda
• getting help if you're a victim of crime
• what to do if you're in hospital
• if you're affected by a crisis, such as a terrorist attack

Contacting FCDO 

Help abroad  

See how to get help from the UK government abroad including in an emergency. 

Help in the UK  

You can call FCDO in London if you need urgent help because something has happened to a friend or relative abroad.  

Telephone: 020 7008 5000 (24 hours)  

Find out about call charges

Get travel advice updates  

Sign up to get email notifications when this travel advice is updated.  

Follow and contact FCDO: 

• travel advice on X

• travel advice on Facebook

Risk information for British companies

The Overseas Business Risk service offers information and advice for British companies operating in Uganda on how to manage political, economic, and business security-related risks.

Vaccinations

Title	Special Precautions
Yellow Fever	Yes*
Typhoid	Yes
Tetanus	Yes
Rabies	Sometimes
Malaria	Yes
Hepatitis A	Yes
Diphtheria	Yes

Overview:

Visitors should bring personal supplies of medicines that are likely to be needed, but enquire first at the embassy or high commission whether such supplies may be freely imported. Comprehensive health insurance is essential and should include cover for emergency air repatriation in case of serious accident or illness. The Ugandan health service has still not recovered from the mass departure of foreign personnel in 1972 and there are medical facilities of a reasonable standard only in large towns and cities.

Vaccinations Note:

* Yellow fever outbreaks occur occasionally, and an international health certificate showing proof of vaccination is advised, especially if you are travelling to another country from Uganda.

Food Drink:

All water should be regarded as being a potential health risk. Water used for drinking, brushing teeth or making ice should have first been boiled or otherwise sterilised. Milk is unpasteurised and should be boiled. Powdered or tinned milk is available and is advised. Avoid dairy products which are likely to have been made from unboiled milk. Only eat well-cooked meat and fish, preferably served hot. Vegetables should be cooked and fruit peeled.

Other Risks:

HIV/AIDS is widespread. Vaccinations against tuberculosis and hepatitis B are sometimes advised. After road accidents, malaria is the most serious health concern for travellers visiting Uganda. Seek up-to-date advice regarding malarial areas and the appropriate antimalarial medication prior to your trip, usually doxycycline, Malarone or mefloquine. Pregnant women are more vulnerable to malaria and are advised against travel to regions where malaria is present. Take a good insect repellant and try to avoid bites between dusk and dawn by always covering up.

The Foreign and Commonwealth Office in the UK also reports regular outbreaks of a wide range of serious diseases in Uganda, including cholera, Ebola haemorrhagic fever (EHF), Marburg haemorrhagic fever (MHF) meningococcal disease (meningitis A and W) and hepatitis E.

Currency Information:

The local currency is the Uganda Shilling (UGX). Notes are in denominations of UGX50,000, 20,000, 10,000, 5,000, 2,000 and 1,000. Coins are in denominations of UGX500, 200, 100, 50 and 10 (rarely used). However, UGX1,000 notes are soon to be replaced by coins. Try not to accept very old or damaged notes where possible and any series of UGX from 1987, as most places will refuse to take them.

The US dollar, euro and pound sterling are all recognised currencies in Uganda, and both euros and dollars are now widely accepted for cash payments. Other international currencies may also be accepted in some places in the major cities, although visitors may struggle with other currencies in smaller towns.

Credit Cards:

American Express, Discover Cards and MasterCard are rarely accepted, except in a few spots. Visa cards are readily accepted. Some large hotels, restaurants, travel agencies and shops in urban areas accept credit cards.

ATMs:

ATMs are available in the larger cities.

Travellers Cheques:

Traveller's cheques are not widely accepted outside Kampala. To avoid additional exchange rate charges, travellers are advised to take traveller's cheques in US Dollars or Pounds Sterling. It is advised that travellers bring sufficient US dollars in cash in case of emergencies. Higher denomination bills usually give a better exchange rate than smaller notes. If you have to use a traveller’s cheque it is best to use American Express ones only.

Banking Hours:

Generally Mon-Fri 0830-1400, Sat 0900-1200. Forex bureaux are open until 1700 and able to do electronic transfers to and from overseas.

Currency Restrictions:

The import and export of local currency is prohibited. Import of foreign currency is unlimited if declared upon arrival. Export of foreign currency must not exceed the amount declared upon arrival.

Currency Exchange:

Foreign currency may be exchanged at the Central Bank, commercial banks and foreign exchange bureaux. Be aware that US dollar notes from before 2006 will not be accepted for exchange.

Currencies

Code	Symbol
UGX

Exchange Rates

3714.60

4423.60

3572.00

Language

English is the official language, with Swahili, Luganda and other Bantu languages like Nyoro (by the Banyoro) and Tooro (by the Toro people) are also spoken.

Overview:

Public holidays are listed here.

.

List Of Public Holidays

Title	Start Date	To Be Confirmed
New Year's Day	2024-01-01 00:00:00	0
Liberation Day	2024-01-26 00:00:00	0
International Women's Day	2024-03-08 00:00:00	0
Good Friday	2024-03-29 00:00:00	0
Easter Monday	2024-04-01 00:00:00	0
Eid al-Fitr (End of Ramadan)	2024-04-10 00:00:00	0
Labour Day	2024-05-01 00:00:00	0
Martyrs' Day	2024-06-03 00:00:00	0
Heroes' Day	2024-06-09 00:00:00	0
Eid al-Adha (Feast of Sacrifice)	2024-06-16 00:00:00	0
Independence Day	2024-10-09 00:00:00	0
Christmas Day	2024-12-25 00:00:00	0
Boxing Day	2024-12-26 00:00:00	0

Note:

Muslim festivals are timed according to local sightings of various phases of the moon and the dates given below are approximations. During the lunar month of Ramadan that precedes Eid al-Fitr, Muslims fast during the day and feast at night and normal business patterns may be interrupted. Some disruption may continue into Eid al-Fitr itself. Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha may last up to several days, depending on the region.

Overview:

The following items may be imported into Uganda by visitors over 18 years without incurring customs duty:

• 250g of tobacco products.
• 1L of spirits (including liquors) or 2L of wine.
• 500ml of perfume and eau de toilette, of which up to 250ml may be perfume.
 

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Banned Imports:

Narcotics, pornography, used underwear, used computers and appliances, counterfeit items, cultural artefacts and explosives are not permitted. Some medication may also be restricted; check before you travel.

You must obtain a permit to import hunting weapons, live animals, fruit, flowers, cuttings or seeds.

Telephone:

Service for local calls is unreliable. Phone shops are available in towns.

Mobile Telephone:

Coverage extends to all major towns and international roaming agreements exist with international mobile phone companies.

Internet:

There are internet cafés in most large towns.

Post

Airmail to Europe can take from three days to several weeks.

Post Office Hours:

Mon-Fri 0800-1230 and 1400-1800. Some post offices are open Sat 0900-1400.

Media:

Uganda has been a pioneer of liberalisation in the African media. Private radio and television stations have thrived since the government loosened its control of the media in 1993, with over two dozen daily and weekly newspapers and many radio stations. Ugandans have unrestricted access to international media and around 15% of the population accessed the internet in 2012.

While the country’s laws allow for freedom of expression in the press, there have been clashes between media outlets that have been critical of policies and the government.

English-language papers include private daily The Monitor (www.monitor.co.ug) and state-owned daily New Vision (www.newvision.co.ug). Vernacular papers include state-owned Bukedde (www.bukedde.co.ug), Etop (www.facebook.com/etop.newspaper/) and Rupiny (www.facebook.com/rupiny.newspaper.7/). 

Visit the lovely Lake Bunyonyi

Almost certainly the prettiest lake in the country, Bunyonyi is surrounded by steeply terraced green hills and scattered with fascinating islands. Like Ssese, it’s a perfect spot for some beach relaxation, but there are also a number of interesting historical sites and activities to experience. During your Lake Bunyonyi trip, take time out to visit the Batwa pygmies to learn about their culture and history.

Kick back on the Ssese Islands

This archipelago of 84 islands scattered along Lake Victoria's northwest shore boasts some beautiful white sandy beaches and famous sunsets. Buggala is the most accessible island, while Banda is more of an old fashioned backpackers retreat. A great place for relaxing with a good book and then sipping a few drinks around the bonfire at night.

Marvel at the wildlife in Murchison Falls National Park

The largest protected area in Uganda, this national park is named after the stunning and dramatic waterfall which cascades 43m (141ft) over the rift valley wall, after travelling an 80km (50 miles) stretch of rapids. Keep your eyes peeled for lions, Nile crocodiles and elephants in the park, or visit rhinos at the Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary.

Get your adrenaline fix at Bujagali Falls

The adventure capital of Uganda, the stretch of the White Nile between Jinja and Bujagali is a playground for rafters and kayakers. Adrenalin-junkies can ride the rapids – where the volume of water is equivalent to ten times that of the Zambezi – while looking out for hippos, crocodiles and monkeys along the way.

Trek to the summit of Mount Elgon

Head to Mount Elgon to explore sky-soaring mountains, lush forest-clad hills and vast wetlands. Straddling the Kenyan border, this extinct volcano is a must for trekkers, with excellent walks including the Karamoja, the Central Circuit trail and the Sasa River Trail, as well as the Sipi and Sisyi waterfalls.

Take time out in Fort Portal

One of the country's most attractive towns, Fort Portal is a hub for travellers wanting to explore some of Uganda's best wildlife destinations, including Kibale, Semliki, Bigodi, Rwenzori and Lake Nkuruba. Try and find time to check out the nearby crater lakes, Karambi Tombs and the recently restored Toro Palace.

Safari in Queen Elizabeth National Park

Head to this popular and picturesque park’s remote Ishasha Plains for a rare opportunity to see the feted tree-climbing lions. The park boasts over 90 mammal species in total, and more than 500 bird species. Comprising a wide array of landscapes and ecosystems, it has an almost unparalleled biodiversity rating.

Get out and about in Kisoro

With breath-taking views of the volcanic peaks of the Virungas, Kisoro is a popular stop for travellers visiting Mgahinga Gorilla National Park and going gorilla trekking in Rwanda’s Volcanoes National Park. There are many walks outside of the town with lakes, craters and caves to explore and bustling markets every Monday and Thursday.

Enjoy the charming town of Jinja

No visit to Uganda is complete without a trip to Jinja, the country’s second-largest town and the supposed location of the Source of the Nile. Jinja is also the departure point for a host of adventure activities on and around the river, and a very pretty place in its own right.

Explore the Budongo Forest Reserve

Situated near Masindi on the road to Lake Albert, the Budongo Forest Reserve is the largest mahogany forest in East Africa and one of the most diverse, with around 465 plant species. The forest is home to Uganda’s largest chimpanzee population, along with approximately 366 bird species and blue monkeys, black-and-white colobus monkeys and the implausibly cute potto (another primate).

Track chimpanzees in Kibale National Park

There are around 325 bird species and at least 60 species of mammals in this impressive park, including 13 primate species. The flora of Kibale National Park is just as impressive with approximately 229 species of trees. Kibale’s most famous inhabitants are its chimps, which you’ll have a high chance of spotting on a guided tracking tour, whilst night treks reveal some amazing animals of the nocturnal kind.

Hike through Rwenzori Mountains National Park

One of Uganda’s ten national parks, Rwenzori is regarded as one of the continent's most spectacular. This mountain range in Africa runs almost 120km (75 miles) along the Congolese border and is known for its incredible hiking and climbing opportunities. It’s also a hotspot for wildlife including the endemic Angola colobus monkey.

Experience Bwindi Impenetrable National Park

This special forest, which was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994, is a sanctuary for around half the world's remaining mountain gorillas. The park is also home to colobus monkeys, various species of chimpanzee, hundreds of species of birds and many other animals, including snakes, lizards, chameleons and butterflies.

Overview

Practical goods such as toothpaste, soap and batteries should be easy to find across Uganda, with supermarkets in many towns, although travellers are advised to bring goods which they may need, such as medication, from home.

Souvenirs from the country include interesting local musical instruments, woven goods such as baskets, wooden carvings, batiks and ceramics. The best places to buy are in one of the country’s many markets, and there are also opportunities to purchase crafts along the side of the road from stalls or established outlets in well-travelled areas. Locally-produced jewellery, including bangles and necklaces, and packets of local tea and coffee are also popular gifts.

The craft market next to Daisy’s Arcade in Kampala is one of the city’s biggest, with over 30 stalls and there’s also a night market every Friday in Nsambiya on Ggaba Road where you can practice your bargaining skills. 

Nommo Gallery in Uganda’s National Art Gallery, in Kampala’s Nakasero, has a shop selling African arts and crafts. Banana Boat shops sell African crafts and tribal arts, including work from Ugandan women’s groups, from their three shops in Kampala at Garden City Shopping Centre, Plot 23 Cooper Road in Kisementi and the Lugogo Mall.

Try to find time to pay a visit to Uganda Crafts 2000 in Kampala, a non-profit fair-trade shop which sells some unusual, well-made craft items, the proceeds of which go towards helping the country’s disabled and disadvantaged people.

Whilst it’s always fun to barter, remember that many of Uganda’s residents live below the poverty line, so paying an extra dollar or two for goods may make a huge difference to the seller. Be generous wherever you're able.

Opening Hours

Mon-Sat 1000-1800, some shops may close earlier on Saturdays.

Overview

Ugandan cuisine draws on English, Arab and Asian – especially Indian – influences and uses local produce including plantains, sweet potatoes, corn, beans and cassava.

It’s easy to eat cheaply almost anywhere in the country. International restaurants can be found in larger towns, with Indian, Chinese and Italian being the most popular.

Traditional foods include ugali (solidified maize meal porridge) served with a stew of groundnuts (peanuts), beans, chicken or meat such as beef, goat or mutton. Game can be found on menus in some restaurants and at safari lodges. Fish including the tiger fish, mukini, mputa and tilapia are popular.

Vegetarians may struggle outside of major towns, but Uganda’s Indian and Chinese restaurants generally offer a selection of vegetarian dishes.

Regional Specialities

Tipping

Although always appreciated, it is not standard practice. Aim to tip 10% at tourist-orientated restaurants.

Drinking Age

18.

Hotels

There is a broad range of hotels from budget to high-end in Uganda. More expensive, international-standard hotels and resorts can be found in Entebbe, Kampala and Jinja, and there are also some upmarket lodges in some of the country’s national parks. Some hotels also offer bandas, which are separate rooms or cottages, within the hotel complex. Cheaper hotels are found in main centres, as well as smaller towns and even villages. Since June 2013, hotels in Uganda are required to charge VAT, which meant increases of up to 18% on hotel bills throughout the country.

Camping Caravaning

Most national parks and major tourist spots now have organised camping sites, which are generally guarded, but campers should be well prepared and take the necessary equipment and precautions. Camping costs around $5 per person per night and $10 in the national parks.

Other

History

Before the arrival of Europeans in the 19th century, the Buganda Kingdom had become the ascendant dynasty in the region, having edged out other contenders with well-developed armed forces and agriculture.

From the 1840s, Muslim traders entered the region from the Indian Ocean coast. In 1862, British explorer John Hanning Speke became the first European to visit the kingdom, soon followed by a number of Christian missionaries, who were welcomed by the Bugandan king, Mutesa. The territory, renamed Uganda, officially became a British protectorate in 1894.

The country officially gained its independence from Britain in 1962, and most of its post-independence history has been characterised by politically inspired violence. President Obote, who banned opposition parties in 1969, was overthrown by the notorious and murderous Idi Amin, who remained in power until he was deposed by a joint force of Tanzanian forces and Ugandan exiles in 1979.

Obote subsequently returned to office but he too found himself fighting guerrilla groups – the remnants of Amin's army and Yoweri Museveni's National Resistance Army (NRA). The third major military force in the country was the Uganda National Liberation Army (UNLA), led by Tito Okello.

In July 1985, Obote was overthrown once again, this time by a military council with Okello at its head. The Okello government lasted just six months, and the NRA took control of the capital in 1986, establishing the National Resistance Council to govern the country.

By the early 1990s, Museveni had succeeded in restoring order and a measure of prosperity to most of the country. Presidential elections, comfortably won by Museveni, were held in 1989. Museveni continues to hold the presidency today, having won subsequent elections in 1996, 2001, 2006 and 2011.

For decades after Museveni came to power in 1986, two regions of northern Uganda, Gulu and Kitgum, continued to be embroiled in a civil war. This resulted in a civilian death toll of 10,000 people, most at the hands of the extremely violent Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), a quasi-religious anti-government outfit that terrorised the border regions of northern Uganda by deliberately targeting civilians.

While the Ugandan army failed to formally end the war, the LRA hasn't been active in northern Uganda since 2005 and the region and its people have finally been able to join the rest of the country in a prolonged period of relative peace and stability.

Did you know?
• Winston Churchill dubbed Uganda the “Pearl of Africa” when he visited in 1907.
• Uganda has repeatedly been ranked in the top 25% in alcohol consumption.
• In 2016 nearly half of Uganda’s population were under the age of 14, making it the youngest country in the world after Niger.

Religion

84.5% Christian and 13.7% Muslim with the remaining being atheist, or belonging to traditional religions. There are tiny minorities that practice Hinduism and Judaism.

Social Conventions

Visitors to the country will generally find Ugandans to be warm, friendly and relaxed.Shaking hands is the normal form of greeting and it’s considered rude not to greet a person properly before rushing into asking them a question. Most people will know ‘Hello’, but the Swahili ‘Jambo’ is also used. Casual dress is usual for most occasions in the daytime or evening.

Ugandans have adopted a socially conservative culture and expressing emotions or affection in public is best avoided. Expressing anger is also frowned on and generally counter-productive, so try and keep calm in frustrating situations. 

Drug abuse is illegal and widely condemned, as is homosexuality. There has been much publicity in recent years regarding Uganda’s hardline approach to homosexuality, with the government proposing in 2009 – it was later overturned in 2014 – an Anti-Homosexuality Bill which would have included death penalties for anyone proved to be indulging in same-sex activities. While the bill provoked strong international condemnation, homosexuals in Uganda still regularly face persecution, outings in the media or through the church, eviction, arrests and violence. As such, any LGBTQ+ travellers to the country are advised to be extremely cautious.

Photography: Since 1992, photography has been allowed in all areas with the exception of airports or military installations. However, some areas are still sensitive and it is advisable to take local advice. Commercial photographers should consult the Ministry of Information for a permit. If taking a photograph of people, ask their permission first.

Best Time To Visit:

Uganda has a warm tropical climate, with temperatures ranging from 25-29°C (77- 84°F), apart from in the mountainous areas, which are much cooler; the top of Mount Elgon is often covered with snow. The hottest months are December to February. Evenings can feel chilly after the heat of the day with temperatures around 17- 18ºC (63-64°F).

Most regions of Uganda, apart from the dry area in the north, have an annual rainfall of between 1,000mm and 1,500mm. There is heavy rain between March and May and between September and November, making road travel difficult in parts of the country. The best time for trekking is during the dry seasons, between January and February and June to August. Wildlife viewing is best at the end of the dry seasons, when game is more concentrated around water sources.

 

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Required Clothing

Lightweight clothes with a warm cover-up for the evenings are advised. Short or revealing clothes should be avoided - women should avoid shorts in particular. Knee-length skirts or dresses are more acceptable. Take a pair of good walking shoes or boots for forest trekking, and long-sleeved tops to protect against mosquitoes. If you’re planning to go to mountainous areas, be sure to take warm clothing, as temperatures drop substantially. White clothes won’t stay white for long with Uganda’s red dust roads, so go for darker colours. Travellers can also pick up bargains at second-hand clothes markets in Kampala, Jinja and Fort Portal, which sell trousers, boots and fleeces.

Dialing Code:

+256

Area(sq km):

241038

Population:

45.741.007

Population Density(per sq km):

157.1

Population Year:

2020

EU Member:

No

Main emergency number

999